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The Qixiangzhan Lava Flow at the Tianchi Volcano:Eruptive Dynamics,Emplacement Mechanism and Implications for the Formation of Long-lived Magmatic Systems Prior to Caldera-forming Eruptions

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2025年第1期99卷 114-125页

作者： LI Jiahui shan xuanlong YI Jian WU Chengzhi Ventura GUIDO LIU Pengcheng GUO Jiannan WANG Wei College of Earth Science Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China International Center of Future Science Changchun 130061China Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano Observatory AntuJilin 133613China Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Roma 00143Italy Istituto per lo Studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilitàin ambiente marino(IAS) Capo Granitola(TP)91021Italy Tianjin Branch of the China National Offshore Oil Company Ltd. Tianjin 300452China

The 7 ka old Qixiangzhan lava flow(QXZ,Tianchi volcano)represents the last eruptive event before the 946 CE,caldera-forming‘Millennium’eruption(ME).Petrographic,whole rock,mineral composition,Sr-Nd isotopic data on QXZ show that:(a)the lava consists of two components,constituted by comenditic obsidian fragments immersed in a continuous,aphanitic component;(b)both components have the same geochemical and isotopic variations of the ME *** QXZ and ME comendites result from fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation *** temperature of the QXZ magma was about 790℃ and the depth of the magma reservoir around 7 km,the same values as estimated for *** had a viscosity of 10^(5.5)-10^(9) Pa s and a velocity of 3-10 km/*** emplacement time was 0.5-1.6yr and the flow rate 0.48-1.50 m^(3)/*** values lie within the range estimated for other rhyolitic flows *** QXZ lava originated through a mixed explosive-effusive activity with the obsidian resulting from the ascent of undercooling,degassing and the fragmentation of magma along the conduit walls,whereas the aphanitic component testifies to the less undercooled and segregated flow at the center of the *** QXZ lava demonstrates the extensive history of the ME magma chamber.

关键词： lava flow rhyolitic volcanism eruptive mechanism long-lived magmatic systems Tianchi volcano Qixiangzhan Formation

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Characteristics and Evaluation of the High-Quality Source Rocks of Cretaceous Continental Shale Oil in Tonghua Basin, China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第1期93卷 146-154页

作者： shan xuanlong DU shang GUO Xufei College of Earth Sciences Jilin University

The presence of shale oil in the Cretaceous Hengtongshan Formation in the Tonghua Basin, drilled by the well TD-01, has been discussed in this geological investigation for the first time. To evaluate the high-quality source rocks of Cretaceous continental shale oil, the distribution characteristics and the evolution of the ancient environment, samples of shale were systematically analyzed in terms of sedimentary facies, organic geochemistry, and organic carbon isotopic composition. The results demonstrate that a TOC value of 1.5% represents the lower-limit TOC value of the high-quality source rocks. Source rocks have an aggregate thickness of 211 m and contain abundant organic matter, with TOC values of 2.69% on average and a maximum value over 5.44%. The original hydrocarbon-generative potential value(S_1+S_2) is between 0.18 mg/g and 6.13 mg/g, and the Ro is between 0.97% and 1.40%. The thermal maturation of the source rocks is relatively mature to highly mature. The δ^(13)C value range is between -34.75‰ and -26.53‰. The ratio of saturated hydrocarbons to aromatic hydrocarbons is 1.55 to 5.24, with an average of 2.85, which is greater than 1.6. The organic types are mainly type Ⅱ_1, followed by type Ⅰ. The organic carbon source was C_3 plants and hydrophytes. The paleoclimate of the Hengtongshan Formation can be characterized as hot and dry to humid, and these conditions were conducive to the development of high-quality source rocks. A favorable paleoenvironment and abundant organic carbon sources provide a solid hydrocarbon generation base for the formation and accumulation of oil and gas in the shale of the Tonghua Basin.

关键词： evaluation of high-quality source rocks Cretaceous continental shale oil formational environment Tonghua Basin

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The Identification and Modeling of the Volcanic Weathering Crust in the Yingcheng Formation of the Xujiaweizi Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第4期91卷 1339-1351页

作者： LIU Cai CHI Huanzhao shan xuanlong HAO Guoli College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130061 Jilin China

Through the analysis of core descriptions, well-logs, seismic data, geochemical data and structural settings of the volcanic rock of the Yingcheng Formation in the Xujiaweizi fault depression, Songliao Basin, and the geological section of the Yingcheng Formation in the southeast uplift area, this work determined the existence of volcanic weathering crust exists in the study area. The identification marks on the volcanic weathering crust can be recognized on the scale of core, logging, seismic, geochemistry, etc. In the study area, the structure of this crust is divided into clay layer, leached zone, fracture zone and host rocks, which are 5-118 m thick （averaging 27.5 m）. The lithology of the weathering crust includes basalt, andesite, rhyolite and volcanic breccia, and the lithofacies are igneous effusive and extrusive facies. The volcanic weathering crusts are clustered together in the Dashen zone and the middle of the Xuzhong zone, whereas in the Shengshen zone and other parts of the Xuzhong zone, they have a relatively scattered distribution. It is a major volcanic reservoir bed, which covers an area of 2104.16 km2. According to the geotectonic setting of the Songliao Basin, the formation process of the weathering crust is complete. Combining the macroscopic and microscopic features of the weathering crust of the Yingcheng Formation in Xujiaweizi with the logging and three-dimensional seismic sections, we established a developmental model of the paleo uplift and a developmental model of the slope belt that coexists with the sag on the Xujiaweizi volcanic weathering crust. In addition, the relationship between the volcanic weathering crust and the formation and distribution of the oil/gas reservoir is discussed.

关键词： Xujiaweizi fault depression Yingcheng Formation identification marks volcanic weathering crust developmental model

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Enrichment model of continental shale oil in Zhanhua Sag of Jiyang Depression

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Global Geology 2025年第1期28卷 35-47页

作者： SU Siyuan CHENG Cheng JIANG Zhenxue shan xuanlong YOUSIF M.Makeen College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Yibin Research Institute of Jilin University Yibin 644000SichuanChina Unconventional Natural Gas Institute China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

The quest for enrichment model of continental shale oil in the Zhanhua Sag of the JiyangDepression in the Bohai Bay Basin to provide reference for exploration and development requires acomprehensive approach. Therefore, this study employs rock pyrolysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and other experiments toanalyze the conditions for shale oil enrichment and establish its patterns. The results show that favorablehydrocarbon generation potential and appropriate thermal maturation degree control “in situ enrichment”;while the storage capacity and the mobility of shale oil determine “migration enrichment.” In the process,the TOC governs the oil-generating capacity of shale with medium to large pores and microfractures servingas the main enrichment spaces and migration pathways for shale oil. Based on the deposition model, thestudy area can be divided into five lithofacies stages (I-algal limestone, II-laminated marl, III-laminatedrecrystallized limestone, IV-laminated mudstones, and IV-blocky calcareous mudstones). Integrating thegeochemical parameters into the sedimentary patterns makes it clear that the study area underwent two phasesof hydrocarbon expulsion during the thermal evolution of source rocks (Stage II: 3 060–3 120 m and StageIV: 3 020–3 040 m). However, judging by the observed TOC (2% to 5.6%), thermal maturity (Ro>0.8%),S1 (>2 mg/g) and OSI (>100 mg/g) as well as moderate basin size, climate, and quantity of terrestrial input,the blocky calcareous mudstones (Stage IV) have better oil-prone characteristics and potential to generate asubstantial quantity of hydrocarbons at this stage. More so, with a brittleness index exceeding 60%, it exhibitsfavorable fracturability accounting for the main controlling factors and enrichment patterns of shale oil in thearea. Hence, this study further enriches and develops the theoretical understanding of shale oil enrichment inthe area, provides valua

关键词： shale oil enrichment mechanism in situ enrichment migration enrichment enrichment pattern

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Molecular Organic Geochemical Characteristics and Coal Gas Potential Evaluation of Mesozoic Coal Seams in the Western Great Khingan Mountains

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第2期94卷 409-417页

作者： QU Yue shan xuanlong DU Tiantian DU XianLi ZHAO Rongsheng College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia Jilin UniversityMinistry of EducationChangchun 130061China College of Mining Engineering Heilongjiang University of Science&TechnologyHarbin 150022China

Coal-bearing strata are widespread in the western Great Khingan Mountains. Abundant coal resources have been found in the Jurassic Alatanheli Groups, the Cretaceous Bayanhua Groups, the Damoguaihe Formation and the Yimin Formation. The organic geochemical characteristics were analyzed in combination with hydrocarbon source rock evaluation and molecular organic geochemistry experiments, and the coal gas potential of coal seams was evaluated. The source rock evaluation results indicated that the Mesozoic coal samples have the characteristics of high organic matter abundance(TOC>30%), low maturity(Ro values of approximately 0.6%), and type Ⅲ composition. The hydrocarbon generation potentials of the Alatanheli Groups and Bayanhua Groups are high, while the generation potentials of the Damoguaihe Formation and the Yimin Formation are low. The results of geochemistry show that the depositional environment of the coal seam was a lacustrine, oxidizing environment with a low salinity, and the source of the organic matter was mainly higher plants. Affected by weak degradation, the coal seams mainly formed low-maturity gas of thermal catalytic origin. The Cretaceous coal seams contain a large amount of phytoplankton groups deposited in a low-stability environment affected by a transgression event, and the potential range varied widely. For the Jurassic coal seams, the depositional environment was more stable, and the coal seams feature a higher coal-forming gas potential.

关键词： coal source rocks molecular organic matter geochemical characteristics low-maturity gas coal gas western part of the Great Khingan Mountains

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Quantitative research of diagenesis:its effect on pore evolution of the Fuyu oil reservoir in the north Qijia region

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Mining Science and Technology 2010年第5期20卷 770-777页

作者： HAO Guoli shan xuanlong LIU Wanzhu WANG Qingbin College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130061 China Technical Department of Tianjin Subcompany of CNOOC Tianjin 300452 China

From observing cores of 18 wells,identifying 175 ordinary thin sections and 61 thin casting sections,energy spectrum analyses of 37 samples,homogenization temperature measurement of fluid inclusions of 11 samples,we determine the types of diagenesis and pores of the Fuyu oil reservoir in the north Qijia *** classified the pores and measured their plane porosity using CIA 2000,the software of rock image analysis,calculated the effect of different kinds of diagenesis on porosity,studied the controlling actions of diagenesis to pore evolution quantitatively,combined with burial history,thermal history and their diagenetic *** results show that mechanical compaction and carbonate cementation are the major destructive diagenesed,developed during early diagenesis *** reduction in porosity by mechanical compaction and carbonate cementation are about 25% and 8%,while the destructive intensity of siliceous cementation and clay mineral cementation is relatively much smaller,i.e.,the reduction of porosity is about 2% and 0.2% Dissolution is constructive diagenesis,the increment of porosity is about 6%.There are four diagenesis evolution stages,during which the porosity reduced from 30%～38% to 2%～20%.Mechanical compaction and early cementation are the main diageneses in the early diagenesis stages,when porosity was reduced to 2%～10%.Dissolution is the main diagenesis of an A I substage of the middle diagenesis stage,when porosity increased 1%～8%.The dissolution of the A Ⅱ substage of the middle diagenesis stage affected by late cementation,raised porosity 1%～5%.The porosity varied slightly during the middle stage B.

关键词： north Qijia region Fuyu oil reservoir diagenesis pore evolution quantitative research

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Thermal simulation of basic volcanic fluid influence on different source rocks

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2014年第2期33卷 168-172页

作者： LI Jiyan shan xuanlong SUN Zhe XIE Xiaoting REN Yu Collage of Earth Sciences Jilin University Zhejiang Geological Prospecting Institute of CHEM

Based on thermal simulation experiment, interactions between volcanic fluids and source rocks were studied. Gas generations in the dry system and fluid system under different temperatures were analyzed. The results showed that the various types of source rocks are similar in composition, containing gaseous C1-C5 hydrocarbons, H2 and CO2 whose gas yields increase with increasing temperature. The gas yield of source rocks of type is Ⅰ the highest, followed by type Ⅱ, and that of source rocks of type is Ⅲ the lowest, indicating that the yield of hydrocarbon gases is related to their hydrocarbon generating potential. Although the generating potential of type is Ⅲ the lowest, it can still be regarded as a useful gas source when it is buried deeply enough. The basic volcanic fluid restrains the generation of gaseous hydrocarbons in different types of source rocks, but promotes the generation of inorganic gases.

关键词：基性火山岩热模拟实验流体系统烃源岩相互作用干燥系统气体产率生烃潜力

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Sedimentary Micro-facies and Macro Heterogeneity of Reservoir Beds in the Third Member of the Qingshankou Formation,Qian'an Area,Songliao Basin

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第6期81卷 1033-1040页

作者： shan xuanlong HU Jinxiang Reinhard F. SACHSENHOFER SHI Tiaotiao College of Earth Sciences of Jilin University Changchun Jinlin 130061 Exploration and Development Research Institution Northwest Oilfield Branch of SINOPEC Uriimqi Xinjiang 830011 Leoben University Department of Applied Geosciences and Geophysics Leoben University Leoben Austria 5A-8700

An analysis of drill cores and well logs shows that the main micro-facies of the third member sand bodies of the Qingshankou Formation in Qian＇an are subaqueous distributary channel facies, sheet sand facies and subaqueous fan facies （olistostrome）. Maps showing the distribution of these micro-facies together with inter-channel bay and prodelta mocro-facies are presented for different time-slices （lower, middle and upper parts of the Qingshankou Formation）. These maps reveal the instability and change of sediment transport in the Baokang sedimentary system during the depositional period. Sediment transport was from the west in the early stage, from the south in the middle stage and from the northwest in the late stage. Values of thickness, porosity and permeability of the sand bodies in the third member of the Qingshankou Formation show that they have low to medium porosity and low permeability, and are characterized by serious reservoir heterogeneity. The joints between micro-facies and subaqueous fan micro-facies are characterized by the highest heterogeneity, the sheet sand and distal sand bar subfacies come next, and the heterogeneity of the subaqueous distributary channel sand bodies is relatively weak.

关键词： Songliao Basin Qingshankou Formation sedimentary micro-facies macro heterogeneity of reservoir beds

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Deep origin of Cenozoic volcanoes in Northeast China revealed by 3-D electrical structure

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第4期63卷 533-547页

作者： Shiwen LI Aihua WENG Jianping LI xuanlong shan Jiangtao HAN Yu TANG Yanhui ZHANG Xueqiu WANG College of Geo-exploration Sciences&Technology Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyGuangzhou 510760China College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China

The three-dimensional(3-D)electrical structure of the upper-mantle was used to examine the deep origins of and relationship among the Cenozoic volcanoes located in Northeast China(NEC).High-quality,long-period magnetotelluric(LMT)full-impedance tensor data were collected in NEC and subjected to 3-D Gauss-Newton inversion in order to construct a resistivity *** resulting model reveals the presence of multiple localized low-resistivity anomalies(LRAs)within the high resistivity lithosphere beneath *** LRAs partially coincide with Cenozoic volcanoes on the *** LRAs that form a larger,annular LRA were observed in the deep upper mantle beneath the Songliao Basin,whereas vein-like LRAs were found in the asthenosphere that connect the lithosphere and deep upper *** analyses suggest that the LRAs may have been caused by fluid-induced *** on our electrical model,we propose that,following dehydration of the subducted Western Pacific slab into the mantle transition zone(MTZ)beneath NEC,the released water migrated upward and caused partial melting at the top of the MTZ beneath the Songliao *** the effect of buoyancy,the melted mantle formed a thermal upwelling that caused melting of asthenosphere before diapiring at the base of the dry *** magma then penetrated structural boundaries(such as thinner,weaker,or activated suture zones)and finally reached the Earth's *** melting and upwelling of hot mantle materials may have resulted in large-scale volcanism in the region throughout the Cenozoic,including the eruption of Changbai Mountain and Halaha *** results suggest that the Cenozoic NEC volcanoes may all share a similar mode of genesis,and probably originated from the annular LRA in the deep upper mantle.

关键词： Northeast China Cenozoic volcanoes Three-dimensional magnetotelluric inversion Partial melting Upper mantle

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Modeling the multi-level plumbing system of the Changbaishan caldera from geochemical, mineralogical, Sr-Nd isotopic and integrated geophysical data

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 17-36页

作者： Jian Yi Pujun Wang xuanlong shan Guido Ventura Chengzhi Wu Jiannan Guo Pencheng Liu Jiahui Li College of Earth Science Jilin UniversityJianshe Street 2199Changchun 130061China Key Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life and Environment in Northeast Asia(Jilin University) Ministry of EducationChangchun 130026China Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Via di Vigna Murata605Roma 00143Italy Istituto per lo Studio degli impatti Antropici e Sostenibilitàin ambiente marino(IAS) Capo Granitola(TP)91021Italy Changbai Mountain Tianchi Volcano Observatory Chibei DistrictAntu 133613China

Changbaishan,an intraplate volcano,is characterized by an approximately 6 km wide summit caldera and last erupted in *** experienced a period of unrest between 2002 and *** activity developed in three main stages,including shield volcano(basalts),cone-construction(trachyandesites to trachytes with minor basalts),and caldera-forming stages(trachytes to comendites).This last stage is associated with one of the more energetic eruptions of the last millennium on Earth,the 946 CE,VEI 7 Millennium Eruption(ME),which emitted over 100 km^(3) of *** to other active calderas,the plumbing system of Changbaishan and its evolution mechanisms remain poorly ***,we merge new whole-rock,glass,mineral,isotopic,and geobarometry data with geophysical data and present a model of the plumbing *** results show that the volcano is characterized by at least three main magma reservoirs at different depths:a basaltic reservoir at the Moho/lower crust depth,an intermediate reservoir at 10-15 km depth,and a shallower reservoir at 0.5-3 km *** shallower reservoir was involved in the ME eruption,which was triggered by a fresh trachytic melt entering a shallower reservoir where a comenditic magma was *** trachytes and comendites originate from fractional crystallization processes and minor assimilation of upper crust material,while the less evolved melts assimilate lower crust ***-eruptive magma mingling occurred during the ME eruption *** magma reservoirs of the caldera-forming stage partly reactivate those of the cone-construction *** depth of the magma storage zones is controlled by the layering of the *** plumbing system of Changbaishan is vertically extensive,with crystal mush reservoirs renewed by the replenishment of new trachytic to trachyandesitic magma from *** other volcanoes,evidence of a basaltic recharge is *** interpretation of the signals preceding possible future erupt

关键词： Changbaishan volcano Caldera Plumbing system Triggering mechanism Storage depth

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