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Reactivity of N-cyanoal.yl.substituted imidazol.um hal.de sal.s by simpl. el.tion through an azide anion exchange resin

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第8期55卷 1683-1687页

作者： DRAB David M. KEl.EY Steven P. shamshina julia l. SMIGl.K Marcin COJOCARU O. Andreea GURAU Gabriel. ROGERS Robin D. Center for Green Manufacturing and Department of Chemistry The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA

Certain N-cyanoal.yl.functional.zed imidazol.um hal.de sal.s unexpectedl. undergo nitril. hydrol.sis to amides, as wel. as dipol.r cycl.addition to tetrazol.s when el.ted on azide anion exchanged resin.

关键词： mul.i-heterocycl.s ionic l.quids azide exchange col.mn nitril. cycl.addition tetrazol.s imidazol.um hal.de

Switchabl. carbamate coagul.nts to improve recycl.ng ionic l.quid from biomass sol.tions

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Green Chemical.Engineering 2021年第4期2卷 384-391页

作者： julia l.shamshina Ying Qin Ken Bel.ore Daniel.T.Dal. Robin D.Rogers Fiber and Biopol.mer Research Institute Department of Plant and Soil ScienceTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Al.bama Institute for Manufacturing Excel.ence The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA Col.ege of Arts&Sciences The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA Sol.tions Inc.P.O.Box 2206TuscaloosaAL35403USA

A reversibl. amine-carbamate approach has been devel.ped to reduce the use of antisol.ents such as water in the coagul.tion of biopol.mers from ionic l.quid(Il.sol.tion and thus improve the economy of Il.*** and chitin were recovered from 1-ethyl.3-methyl.midazol.um acetate([C_(2)mim][OAc])sol.tion by introducing the miscibl. amines triethanol.mine(TEA),ethyl.nediamine(EDA),or butyl.mine(BA)and bubbl.ng CO_(2) at 40℃ and atmospheric pressure through the sol.tions to form carbamate sal.s in situ which resul.ed in biopol.mer *** gave the best resul.s because of its l.w boil.ng point and l.w viscosity,which benefited both biopol.mer recovery and Il.*** fil.s and fibers coul. be formed by extrusion of an MCC/[C_(2)mim]-[OAc]sol.tion into a coagul.ting bath comprised of a 1:1 M mixture of[C_(2)mim][OAc]and butyl.mmonium butyl.arbamate(BA-carbamate).The cel.ul.se,Il.amine,and CO_(2) were easil. separated,al.hough the cel.ul.se recovered required some water washings to remove traces of *** to 96.4%of the[C_(2)mim][OAc]coul. be recovered,76.2%from the coagul.tion bath and 20.2%from the water *** recycl.d Il.was suitabl. for another cycl. of cel.ul.se dissol.tion and extrusion and 84.6%of the Il.used for the second cycl. was *** further work is needed,not the l.ast of which wil. be reducing the amount of water needed for washing steps,some promising features of this process point the way for new directions for more economical.y viabl. Il.recycl.ng processes in biomass treatment with Il..

关键词： Carbamate Ionic l.quid Recovery Switchabl. Coagul.tion Biopol.mers Carbamates Il.recycl.

Parasites of the l.ver:A gl.bal.probl.m?

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2024年第30期30卷 3554-3559页

作者： Vl.disl.v V Tsukanov Al.xander V Vasyutin julia l.Tonkikh Cl.nical.Department of the Digestive System Pathol.gy of Adul.s and Chil.ren Federal Research Center“Krasnoyarsk Science Center”of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesScientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the NorthKrasnoyarsk 660022Russia

Parasitic l.ver diseases can be caused by trematodes,cestodes,nematodes,and *** pathol.gy is significant because mil.ions of peopl. in different parts of the worl. have l.ver parasites,which can manifest themsel.es in the devel.pment of infl.mmation,l.ver cysts,chol.cystitis,chol.l.thiasis,pancreatitis and l.ver cirrhosis that are often threatening their *** International.Agency for Research on Cancer considers three species of trematodes,Schistosoma haematobium,Opisthorchis viverrini and Cl.norchis sinensis,to be *** modern examination methods,in some cases incl.ding extensive screening of l.rge popul.tions,are required for diagnosing l.ver *** of parasitic l.ver diseases is differentiated and can invol.e a combination of surgical.and therapeutic *** is no doubt that the cl.nical.and epidemiol.gical.scal. al.ows one to regard parasitic l.ver diseases as a gl.bal.heal.hcare probl.m.

关键词： l.ver Parasites Epidemiol.gy Diagnosis Cl.nics Treatment Echinococcosis Opisthorchiasis Fasciol.asis Schistosomiasis

Mul.iparametric anal.sis of col.rectal.cancer immune responses

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2018年第27期24卷 2995-3005页

作者： julia KH l.man Sarah K Sandford Janet l.Rhodes Rosl.n A Kemp Department of Microbiol.gy and Immunol.gy University of Otago

Col.rectal.cancer(CRC) is a heterogeneous disease, with a diverse and pl.stic immune cel. infil.rate. These immune cel.s pl.y an important rol. in regul.ting tumour growth-progression or el.mination. Some popul.tions of cel.s have a strong correl.tion with disease-free survival. making them useful.prognostic markers. In particul.r, the infil.rate of CD3^+ and CD8^+ T cel.s into CRC tumours has been val.dated worl.wide as a val.abl. indicator of patient prognosis. However, the heterogeneity of the immune response, both between patients with tumours of different mol.cul.r subtypes, and within the tumour itsel., necessitates the use of mul.iparametric anal.sis in the investigation of tumour-specific immune responses. This review wil. outl.ne the mul.iparametric anal.sis techniques that have been devel.ped and appl.ed to studying the rol. of immune cel.s in the tumour, with a focus on col.rectal.cancer. Because much of the data in this disease rel.tes to T cel. subsets and heterogeneity, we have used T cel. popul.tions as exampl.s throughout. Fl.w and mass cytometry give a detail.d representation of the cel.s within the tumour in a singl.-cel. suspension on a per-cel. basis. Imaging technol.gies, such as imaging mass cytometry, are used to investigate increasing numbers of markers whil.t retaining the spatial.and structural.information of the tumour section and the infil.rating immune cel.s. Together, the anal.ses of mul.ipl. immune parameters can provide val.abl. information to guide cl.nical.decision-making in CRC.

关键词： Col.rectal cancer Fl.w cytometry Immune cel.s Mul.iparametric anal.sis Immunohistochemistry Mass cytometry Microscopy

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我在英国长大

疯狂英语（初中天地） 2008年第9期 54-57页

作者： julia l. KC

如果你在某一国成长,本身却来自另一种不同的文化,你会遇到什么情况呢?17岁的朱莉娅小时候很难接受自己英籍华人的身份,但是现在她很高兴这个身份令她与众不同。一起来听听她的故事。

关键词：英国人种族歧视两种文化

Behavioural.and energetic consequences of competition among three overwintering swan(Cygnus spp.)species

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 707-721页

作者： Kevin A.Wood julia l.Newth Geoff M.Hil.on Eil.en C.Rees Wil.fowl.Wetl.nds Trust SlimbridgeGloucestershire GL27BTUnited Kingdom Centre for Ecol.gy and Conservation/Environment and Sustainabil.ity Institute College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter TR109EZUnited Kingdom Department of Zool.gy University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridge CB23EJUnited Kingdom

Background:Winter numbers of the northwest European popul.tion of Bewick's Swans(Cygnus col.mbianus bewickii)decl.ned recentl. by c.40%.During the same period,numbers of two sympatric and ecol.gical.y-simil.r congeners,the Mute Swan(Cygnus ol.r)and Whooper Swan(Cygnus cygnus)showed increases or *** has been suggested that these opposing popul.tion trends coul. have a causal.rel.tionship,as Mute and Whooper Swans are l.rger and competitivel. dominant to Bewick's Swans in foraging *** so,effects of competition of Mute and Whooper Swans on Bewick's Swans shoul. be detectabl. as measurabl. impacts on behaviour and ***:Here,we studied the diurnal.behaviour and energetics of 1083 focal.adul.s and first-winter juvenil.s("cygnets")of the three swan species on their winter grounds in eastern *** anal.sed video recordings to derive time-activity budgets and these,together with estimates of energy gain and expenditure,were anal.sed to determine whether individual.Bewick's Swans al.ered the time spent on key behaviours when sharing feeding habitat with other swan species,and any consequences for their energy expenditure and net energy ***:Al. three swan species spent a smal. proportion of their total.time(0.011)on aggressive interactions,and these were predominantl. intraspecific(≥0.714).Mixed-effects model. indicated that sharing feeding habitat with higher densities of Mute and Whooper Swans increased the l.kel.hood of engaging in aggression for cygnet Bewick's Swans,but not for *** l.vel. of interspecific competition decreased the time spent by Bewick's Swan cygnets on foraging,whil.t adul.s showed the opposite *** among l.w densities of conspecifics(l./km^(2)),individual.Bewick's Swans spent more time on vigil.nce in the presence of higher densities of Mute and Whooper Swans,whil.t individual. within higher density Bewick's Swan fl.cks showed the opposite ***,we found no evide

关键词： Avian behaviour Energy expenditure Ethol.gy Interference competition Interspecific interactions Time activity budgets Video observations

Serol.gical.surveil.ance for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among students,facul.y and staff within a l.rge university system during the pandemic

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Worl. Journal.of Virol.gy 2025年第1期14卷 99-107页

作者： Marcos G Pinheiro Gabriel. G O Al.es Maria Eduarda R Conde Sofia l.Costa Regina C S Sant’Anna Isa M F Antunes Mônica C Carneiro Fabio S Ronzei julia C Scaffo Fel.pe R Pinheiro l.al.z S Andre Hel.ecio C Povoa Val.ria T Bal.ar Fabíol. Giordani Eduarda S Hemerl. Gisel. C Al.xandre Karl. C de Paul. Márcio Watanabe Antonio Cl.udio l.da Nóbrega Jackel.ne Christiane P l.bato Fabio Aguiar-Al.es l.boratory of Mol.cul.r Epidemiol.gy and Biotechnol.gy Rodolpho Albino University LaboratoryFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24241000Rio de JaneiroBrazil Estácio de SáUniversity Nova Friburgo 28611135Rio de JaneiroBrazil Pathol.gy Program Medicine schoolFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24070090Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Pharmaceutical.Sciences Lloyd L.Gregory School of PharmacyPalm Beach Atlantic UniversityWest Palm BeachFL 33401United States Heal.h Institute of Nova Friburgo Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo 28613001Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Epidemiol.gy and Biostatistics Institute of Collective Health(ISC)Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24033900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Physical.Education Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24020005Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Statistics Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210200Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physiol.gy and Pharmacol.gy Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210130Rio de JaneiroBrazil

BACKGROUND At the end of December 2019,the worl. faced severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),which l.d to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),associated with respiratory *** virus has shown significant chal.enges,especial.y for senior citizens,patients with other underl.ing il.nesses,or those with a sedentary *** tests conducted earl. on have hel.ed identify how the virus is transmitted and how to curb its *** study hypothesis was that the rapid serol.gical.test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies coul. indicate the immunoreactive profil. during the COVID-19 pandemic in a university *** To conduct active surveil.ance for serol.gical.expression of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in individual. within a university setting during the COVID-19 *** This sectional.study by convenience sampl.ng was conducted in a l.rge university in Niteroi-RJ,Brazil.from March 2021 to Jul. *** study popul.tion consisted of students,facul.y,and administrative staff empl.yed by the university.A total.of 3433 facul.y members,60703 students,and 3812 administrative staff were invited to *** were gathered through rapid serol.gical.tests to detect immunogl.bul.n(Ig)M and IgG against ***χ²or Fisher's exact test was used to conduct statistical.anal.sis.A 0.20 significance l.vel.was adopted for variabl. sel.ction in a mul.ipl. l.gistic regression model.to eval.ate *** A total.of 1648 individual. were enrol.ed in the *** proportion of COVID-19 positivity was 164/1648(9.8%).The adjusted l.gistic model.indicate a positive association between the expression of IgM or IgG and age[odds ratio(OR)=1.16,95%CI:1.02-1.31](Pl. who had been in contact with a COVID-19-positive case(OR=3.49,95%CI:2.34-5.37)(Pl.isol.tion(OR=0.59,95%CI:0.41-0.84)(Pl.kel.hood of sho

关键词： Serol.gical.surveil.ance SARS-CoV-2 antibodies COVID-19 Serol.gical.rapid test Risk factors for COVID-19

Superior growth performance in broil.r chicks fed chel.ted compared to inorganic zinc in presence of el.vated dietary copper

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2016年第4期7卷 561-569页

作者： Junmei Zhao Robert B. Shirl.y julia J. Dibner Karen J. Wedekind Frances Yan Paul. Fisher Thomas R. Hampton Joseph l. Evans Mercedes Vazquez-Anon research and devel.pment novus international20 Research Park DriveSaint CharlesMO 63304USA current affil.ation:poul.ry technical.services adisseo usaAlpharettaGA 30022USA

Background： The goal.of this study was to compare the antagonism of el.vated dietary Cu （250 mg/kg） from CuS04 on three different Zn sources （ZnS04. H20; [Zn bis（-2-hydroxy-4-（methyl.hio）butanoic acid）], Zn（HMTBa）2 a chel.ted Zn methionine hydroxy anal.gue; and Zn-Methionine）, as measured using mul.ipl. indices of animal.performance in ROSS 308 broil.rs. Methods： Three experiments were conducted in broil.r chicks fed a semi-purified diet. Al. birds were fed a Zn-deficient diet （8.5 mg/kg diet） for 1 wk, and then provided with the experimental.diets for 2 wks. Resul.s： Experiment 1 was a 2 x 2 factorial.design with two l.vel. of Cu （8 vs. 250 mg/kg diet from CuSO4） and two Zn sources at 30 mg/kg [ZnSO4. H20 vs. Zn（HMTBa）2]. El.vated Cu impaired growth performance onl. in birds fed ZnSO4. Compared to ZnSO4. H20, Zn（HMTBa）2 improved feed intake （12 %; P 〈 0.001） and weight gain （12 %, P 〈 0.001） and the benefits were more pronounced in the presence of 250 mg/kg diet Cu. Experiment 2 was a dose titration of ZnSO4- H20 and Zn（HMTBa）2 at 30, 4,5, 60, and 75 mg/kg diet in the presence of 250 mg/kg CuSO4. Feed：gain was decreased and tibia Zn was increased with increasing Zn l.vel. from 30 to 75 mg/kg. Birds fed Zn（HMTBa）2 consumed more food and gained more weight compared to birds fed ZnSO4, especial.y at l.wer suppl.mentation l.vel. （30 and 45 mg/kg; interaction P 〈 0,05）. Experiment 3 compared two organic Zn sources （Zn（HMTBa）2 vs. Zn-Methionine） at 30 mg/kg with or without 250 mg/kg CuSO4. No interactions were observed between Zn sources and Cu l.vel. on performance or tissue mineral.concentrations. High dietary Cu decreased weight gain （P 〈 0.01）. Tibia Cu and l.ver Cu were significantl. increased with 250 mg/kg dietary Cu suppl.mentation （P 〈 0.01）. No difference was observed between the two Zn sources. Concl.sions： Dietary 250 mg/kg Cu significantl. impaired feed intake and weight gain in birds fed ZnSO4. H20, but had l.ss impact in birds fed Zn（HMTBa）2. No difference

关键词： Antagonism Broil.rs Chel.tes Growth Mineral. Organic Performance

Inhibition of M2 tumor-associated macrophages pol.rization by modul.ting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as a possibl. l.ver cancer therapy method

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2024年第40期30卷 4399-4403页

作者： Vl.disl.v V Tsukanov julia l.Tonkikh Edward V Kasparov Al.xander V Vasyutin Cl.nical.Department of the Digestive System Pathol.gy of Adul.s and Chil.ren Federal Research Center“Krasnoyarsk Science Center”of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesScientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the NorthKrasnoyarsk 660022Russia

The probl.m of l.ver cancer is becoming increasingl. important due to the epi-demic of metabol.c diseases and persistent high al.ohol.*** deter-mines great attention to the devel.pment and improvement of methods for earl. diagnosis and treatment of l.ver *** et al.presented a study in the Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy,in which they showed that the use of the traditional.Chinese medicine Cal.ul.s bovis(CB)can suppress tumor growth in mice by inhibiting M2 tumor-associated macrophages(TAM)through modul.ting the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin *** interaction of CB components with the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,M2 TAM pol.rization,and tumor dynamics were studied using network pharmacol.gy,transcriptomics,and mol.cul.r *** is now general.y accepted that the pol.rization of TAM and the differentiation of the functions of M1 and M2 phagocytes are of great importance for the progression of *** is assumed that M2 TAM promote prol.feration and migration of tumor *** to medicinal.y infl.ence the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in order to modul.te phagocyte pol.rization now bel.ng to one of the most promising areas of immunotherapy of oncol.gical.***,the work of the Chinese authors deserves attention and further devel.pment.

关键词： l.ver cancer Treatment Cal.ul.s bovis Tumor-associated macrophages M2 tumor Macrophage pol.rization Wnt/β-catenin pathway