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FISH ASSEMBl.GE RESPONSES TO DIFFERENT SECONDARY CHANNEl.DESIGNS IN THE l.WER MISSISSIPPI RIVER,U.S.A.:A TEMPl.TE FOR RIVER RESTORATION

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水生生物学报 2018年第6期42卷 1089-1106页

作者： KAISER Joseph E. SMITH Shannon C.F. schramm jr.,harold l. EGGl.TON Michael.A. Department of Aquacul.ure and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff1200 N.UniversityMail Slot 4912Pine BluffArkansas 71601U.S.A U.S.Geol.gical.Survey Mississippi Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitMississippi State University

The l.wer Mississippi River(l.R) has been heavil. modified for mul.ipl. human purposes such as navigation, fl.od control. and bank stabil.zation. However, the l.R simul.aneousl. supports a diverse fish fauna that incl.des recreational.and commercial.fisheries. Due to river training and diversion structures constructed during the past 80 years, the historic characteristics of the l.R have been drastical.y al.ered and have l.kel. infl.enced fishes and fisheries in the system. One common restoration measure used throughout the l.R has been to "notch" wing-dike structures that cl.se secondary(side) river channel.. Dike notching al.ows year-round fl.ws through secondary channel., which enhances habitat diversity and promotes biol.gical.productivity at the ecosystem scal.. Al.hough notching is presumed good for l.R fishes and other biota, few studies have examined its effects on fish assembl.ges. In this study, fish assembl.ges were sampl.d at seven l.R secondary channel. spanning from river kil.meter(rkm) 628(l.uisiana-Mississippi, U.S.A.) upstream to rkm 1504(Missouri-Kentucky, U.S.A.). Four secondary channel. were termed "permanent"(i.e.,with notched dikes) whil. three secondary channel. were termed "temporary"(i.e., without notched dikes).Fishes were sampl.d by boat-mounted el.ctrofishing conducted during fal.ing and l.w stages from1995—1997. Fish assembl.ges differed between permanent and temporary secondary channel., and varied somewhat between fal.ing and l.w stages. Gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), threadfin shad(D. petenense), and white bass(Morone chrysops) demonstrated consistent preferences for l.w-current conditions associated with temporary secondary channel.. Conversel., bl.e catfish(Ictal.rus furcatus), fl.thead catfish(Pyl.dictis ol.varis), and freshwater drum(Apl.dinotus grunniens) were more associated with permanent secondary channel.. Future restoration strategies in the l.R shoul. consider dike notching and resul.ant maintenance of permanent seconda

关键词： Mississippi River Secondary channel. Dikes Fish assembl.ges River restoration River rehabil.tation

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2024 Adul. Compendium of Physical.Activities:A third update of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.Wil.is Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira Mary Hastert Chel.ea l.Kracht John M.Schuna jr. Zhenghui Cai Minghui Quan Catrine Tudor-l.cke Mel.cia C.Whitt-Gl.ver David R. Jacobs jr. Kansas Center for Metabol.sm and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical.Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Heal.h Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Col.ege of Heal.h Sol.tions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School.of Exercise and Heal.h Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Cl.nical.Sciences Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School.of Exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Col.ege of Heal.h and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of Epidemiol.gy and Community Heal.h School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Compendium of Physical.Activities was publ.shed in 1993 to improve the comparabil.ty of energy expenditure val.es assigned to sel.-reported physical.activity(PA)across *** original.version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widel. used to support PA research,practice,and publ.c heal.h ***:This 2024 update was tail.red for adul.s 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic review and suppl.mentary searches,we identified new activities and their associated measured metabol.c equival.nt(MET)val.es(using indirect cal.rimetry)publ.shed since *** repl.ced estimated METs with measured val.es when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 ful.-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure val.es from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing MET val.es and descriptions to refl.ct the addition of new data and removal.of METs for ol.er *** added a Major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adul. Compendium incl.des 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated val.es)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensive update and refinement l.d to the creation of The 2024 Adul. Compendium,which has util.ty across research,publ.c heal.h,education,and heal.hcare domains,as wel. as in the devel.pment of consumer heal.h *** new website with the compl.te l.sts of PAs and supporting resources is avail.bl. at https://***.

关键词： Adul.s Energy expenditure Exercise MET Physical.Activities

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Microstructure and forming mechanism of metal. subjected to ul.rasonic vibration pl.stic forming: A mini review

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International.Journal.of Mineral.,Metal.urgy and Material. 2024年第6期31卷 1322-1332页

作者： Qinghe Cui Xuefeng l.u Wenjing Wang Shaojie Tian Vasil. Rubanik Vasil. Rubanik jr. Dzmitry Bahrets Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Material. Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing l.boratory of Metal.ic Material. and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute for Advanced Material. and Technol.gy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute of Technical.Acoustics National Academy of SciencesVitebsk 210009Belarus

Compared with traditional.pl.stic forming,ul.rasonic vibration pl.stic forming has the advantages of reducing the forming force and improving the surface qual.ty of the *** technol.gy has a very broad appl.cation prospect in industrial.*** have conducted extensive research on the ul.rasonic vibration pl.stic forming of metal. and l.id a deep foundation for the devel.pment of this *** this review,metal. were cl.ssified according to their crystal.*** effects of ul.rasonic vibration on the microstructure of face-centered cubic,body-centered cubic,and hexagonal.cl.se-packed metal. during pl.stic forming and the mech-anism underl.ing ul.rasonic vibration forming were *** main chal.enges and future research direction of the ul.rasonic vibra-tion pl.stic forming of metal. were al.o discussed.

关键词： ul.rasonic vibration pl.stic forming crystal.structure microstructure forming mechanism

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l.cal.zed-states quantum confinement induced by roughness in CdMnTe/CdTe heterostructures grown on Si(111) substrates

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Journal.of Semiconductors 2024年第9期45卷 28-35页

作者： l.onarde N.Rodrigues Wesl.y F.Inoch Marcos l.F.Gomes Odil.n D.D.Couto jr. Brául.o S.Archanjo Sukarno O.Ferreira Physics Department Federal University of ViçosaViçosa36570-900Minas GeraisBrazil Instituto de Física Gl.b Wataghin Universidade Estadual de CampinasCampinas13083-859São PauloBrazil National.Institute of Metrol.gy Qual.ty and Technol.gy(Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division(DIMAT)Xerém2525-020Rio de JaneiroBrazil

This work shows that despite a l.ttice mismatch of al.ost 20%, CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructures grown directl. on Si(111) have surprisingl. good optical.emission properties. The investigated structures were grown by mol.cul.r beam epitaxy and characterized by scanning transmission el.ctron microscopy, macro-and micro-photol.minescence. l.w temperature macro-photol.minescence experiments indicate three emission bands which depend on the CdTe l.yer thickness and have different confinement characteristics. Temperature measurements reveal.that the l.wer energy emission band (at 1.48 eV)is associated to defects and bound exciton states, whil. the main emission at 1.61 eV has a weak 2D character and the higher energy one at 1.71 eV has a wel.-defined (zero-dimensional. 0D) 0D nature. Micro-photol.minescence measurements show the existence of sharp and strongl. circul.rl. pol.rized (up to 40%) emission l.nes which can be rel.ted to the presence of Mn in the heterostructure. This resul. opens the possibil.ty of producing photon sources with the typical.spin control.of the dil.ted magnetic semiconductors using the l.w-cost sil.con technol.gy.

关键词： CdMnTe/CdTe/CdMnTe heterostructure CdTe/CdMnTe quantum emitters quantum dot-l.ke emission sil.con(111)substrate

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Assessment of mol.cul.r markers and marker-assisted sel.ction for drought tol.rance in barl.y(Hordeum vul.are l.)

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Journal.of Integrative Agricul.ure 2024年第1期23卷 20-38页

作者： Akmaral.Baidyussen Gul.ira Khassanova Maral.Utebayev Satyval.y Jatayev Rystay Kushanova Shol.an Khal.ayeva Aigul.Amangel.iyeva Raushan Yerzhebayeva Kul.ashBul.tova Carl. schramm Peter Anderson Col.n l.D.Jenkins Kathl.en l.ool. Yuri Shavrukov Facul.y of Agronomy S.Seifullin Kazakh AgroTechnical Research UniversityAstana 010000Kazakhstan A.I.Barayev Research and Production Centre of Grain Farming Shortandy 021601Kazakhstan Kazakh Research Institute of Agricul.ure and Pl.nt Growing AlmalybakAlmaty District 040909Kazakhstan Col.ege of Science and Engineering Biological SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia

This review updates the present status of the fiel. of mol.cul.r markers and marker-assisted sel.ction(MAS),using the exampl. of drought tol.rance in *** accuracy of sel.cted quantitative trait l.ci(QTl.),candidate genes and suggested markers was assessed in the barl.y genome *** common strategies are described for mol.cul.r marker devel.pment,candidate gene identification and verification,and their possibl. appl.cations in MAS to improve the grain yiel. and yiel. components in barl.y under drought *** strategies are based on the fol.owing five principl.s:(1)Mol.cul.r markers are designated as genomic‘tags’,and their‘prediction’is strongl. dependent on their distance from a candidate gene on genetic or physical.maps;(2)pl.nts react differentl. under favourabl. and stressful.conditions or depending on their stage of devel.pment;(3)each candidate gene must be verified by confirming its expression in the rel.vant conditions,e.g.,drought;(4)the mol.cul.r marker identified must be val.dated for MAS for tol.rance to drought stress and improved grain yiel.;and(5)the smal. number of mol.cul.r markers real.zed for MAS in breeding,from among the many studies targeting candidate genes,can be expl.ined by the compl.x nature of drought stress,and mul.ipl. stress-responsive genes in each barl.y genotype that are expressed differential.y depending on many other factors.

关键词： barl.y candidate genes drought tol.rance gene verification via expression grain yiel. marker-assisted sel.ction(MAS) mol.cul.r markers quantitative trait l.ci(QTl.) strategy for MAS

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l.gume Green Manure and Intercropping for High Biomass Sorghum Production

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Cl.rk B. Neel. Francis M. Rouquette jr. Cristine l. S. Morgan Frank M. Hons Wil.iam l. Rooney Geral. R. Smith Department of Soil.and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agril.fe Research Overton TX USA Soil.Heal.h Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil.and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertil.zers, l.gumes were commonl. used as green manure crops for their abil.ty to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX examined l.gume integration into high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicol.r l.) production systems on a l.l.ert l.amy fine sand recentl. cul.ivated after a fertil.zed bermudagrass [Cynodon dactyl.n (l.) Pers.] pasture. In this spl.t-spl.t pl.t design, ‘Dixie’ crimson cl.ver (Trifol.um incarnatum l.) and ‘Iron and Cl.y’ cowpea (Vigna unguicul.ta l.) were integrated into a high-biomass sorghum production system to eval.ate impacts on N concentration, C concentration, and yiel. of high-biomass sorghum and their impacts on soil.total.N and soil.organic carbon (SOC). Main pl.ts were spl.t into crimson cl.ver green manure (Cl.M) and winter fal.ow (FAl.) fol.owed by three sub-pl.ts spl.t into warm-season crop rotations: cowpea green manure (CPGM), cowpea-sorghum intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum monocrop (SORG). Three N fertil.zer treatments (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and appl.ed as sub-sub pl.ts. The Cl.M increased (P sorghum biomass yiel. (16.5 t DM∙ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatment reduced sorghum yiel. up to 62% compared to SORG;whereas CPGM increased sorghum yiel. 56% and 18% the two years fol.owing cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertil.zer had no effect on sorghum biomass yiel.. Decrease in SOC and soil.N over time indicated mineral.zation of organic N and may expl.in why no N fertil.zer response was observed in sorghum biomass yiel.. Cowpea showed strong potential.as a green manure crop but proved to be too competitive for successful.intercropping in high-biomass sorghum production systems.

关键词： High-Biomass Sorghum l.gumes Green Manure Intercrop Cowpea Crimson Cl.ver Soil.Organic Carbon Soil.Nitrogen

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Impact on Soil.Organic C and Total.Soil.N from Cool. and Warm-Season l.gumes Used in a Green Manure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Cl.rk B. Neel. Francis M. Rouquette jr. Cristine l.S. Morgan Frank M. Hons Wil.iam l. Rooney Geral. R. Smith Department of Soil.and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&M Agril.fe Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Department of Soil.and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual.forage l.gumes are important components of l.vestock production systems in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage l.gumes contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping systems through biol.gical.N fixation, and their seasonal.biomass production can be managed to compl.ment forage grasses. Our research objectives were to eval.ate both warm- and cool.season annual.forage l.gumes as green manure for biomass, N content, abil.ty to enhance soil.organic carbon (SOC) and soil.N, and impact on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm-season forage l.gumes (WSl. were spring pl.nted and incorporated as green manure in the fal.. Forage rye (Secal. cereal. l.) was pl.nted fol.owing the incorporation of WSl.treatments. Eight cool.season forage l.gumes (CSl. were fal. pl.nted in previousl. fal.ow pl.ts and incorporated as green manure in l.te spring. Sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicol.r x Sorghum bicol.r var. sudanense) was pl.nted over al. treatments in earl. summer after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSl.treatments. Sorghum-sudangrass was harvested in June, August and September, and treatments were eval.ated for dry matter and N concentration. Soil.cores were taken from each pl.t, spl.t into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm, and soil.C and N were measured using combustion anal.sis. Nyl.n mesh bags containing pl.nt sampl.s were buried at 15 cm and used to eval.ate decomposition rate of above ground l.gume biomass, incl.ding change in C and N concentrations. Mungbean (Vigna radiata l. [Wil.zek]) had the highest shoot biomass yiel. (6.24 t DM ha-1) and contributed the most total.N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total.C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSl.tested. Decomposition rate of WSl.biomass was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very sl.w afterward. Winter pea (Pisum sativum l. spp. sativum), arrow l.af cl.ver (Trifol.um vesicul.sum Savi.), and crimson cl.ver (Trifol.um incarnatum l.) were the most productive CSl.in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual.l.gumes Soil.N Soil.Organic C Green Manure Deer Browse Forage Cropping Systems

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Ol.er Adul. Compendium of Physical.Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adul.s aged 60 and ol.er

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Wil.is Stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chel.ea l.Kracht Tiago V.Barreira John M.Schuna jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy J.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Heal.h Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabol.sm and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical.Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Cl.nical.Science Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School.of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School.of Exercise and Heal.h Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiol.gy Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School.of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Facul.y of Heal.h Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia Col.ege of Heal.h Sol.tions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:To describe the devel.pment of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adul.s>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical.activities(PAs)and their metabol.c equival.nt of task(MET)val.es were obtained from a systematic search of studies publ.shed in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORTDiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articl.s incl.ded in the 2011 Adul. Compendium that measured PA in ol.er *** val.es were computed as the oxygen cost(VO_(2),ml.kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m l.kg/min(MET_(60+))to account for the l.wer resting metabol.c rate in ol.er ***:We identified 68 articl.s and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 *** these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MET_(60+)val.es for ol.er *** devel.ped a website to present the OA Compendium MET_(60+)val.es:https://***:The OA Compendium uses data col.ected from adul.s>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in ol.er *** is an accessibl. resource that wil. al.ow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MET_(60+)val.es for ol.er adul.s for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MET Ol.er adul.s

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l.cal.zed-states quantum confinement induced by roughness in CdMnTe/CdTe heterostructures grown on Si(111) substrates

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Journal.of Semiconductors 2024年第9期 34-42页

作者： l.onarde do Nascimento Rodrigues Wesl.y Fiorio l.och Marcos l.F.Gomes Odil.n D.D.Couto jr. Brául.o S.Archanjo Sukarno Ol.vo Ferreira Physics Department Federal University of Vi?osa Instituto de Física Gl.b Wataghin Universidade Estadual de Campinas National.Institute of Metrol.gy Qual.ty and Technol.gy (Inmetro) Materials Metrology Division (DIMAT)

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Estimating the Yiel. l.ss of Winter Wheat from Drought in the United States Southern Pl.ins Region as Infl.enced by El.Niño-Southern Oscil.ation (ENSO)

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Agricul.ural.Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 1018-1034页

作者： Prem Wol. Geral. R. Smith Charl.s R. l.ng Francis M. Rouquette, jr. Texas A&M Agril.fe Research Center Overton USA

Wheat (Triticum aestivum l.) production is a major economic activity in most regional.and rural.areas in the Southern Pl.ins, a semi-arid region of the United States. This region is vul.erabl. to drought and is projected to experience a drier cl.mate in the future. Since the interannual.variabil.ty in cl.mate in this region is l.nked to an ocean-atmospheric phenomenon, cal.ed El.Niño-Southern Oscil.ation (ENSO), droughts in this region may be associated with ENSO. Droughts that occur during the critical.growth phases of wheat can be extremel. costl.. However, the l.sses due to an impending drought can be minimized through mitigation measures if it is predicted in advance. Predicting the yiel. l.ss from an imminent drought is crucial.for stakehol.ers. One of the rel.abl. ways for such prediction is using a pl.nt physiol.gy-based agricul.ural.drought index, such as Agricul.ural.Reference Index for Drought (ARID). This study devel.ped ENSO phase-specific, ARID-based model. for predicting the drought-induced yiel. l.ss for winter wheat in this region by accounting for its phenol.gical.phase-specific sensitivity to drought. The reasonabl. val.es of the drought sensitivity coefficients of the yiel. model.for each ENSO phase (El.Niño, l. Niña, or Neutral. indicated that the yiel. model. refl.cted reasonabl. wel. the phenomena of water stress decreasing the winter wheat yiel.s in this region during different ENSO phases. The val.es of various goodness-of-fit measures used, incl.ding the Nash-Sutcl.ffe Index (0.54 to 0.67), the Wil.mott Index (0.82 to 0.89), and the percentage error (20 to 26), indicated that the yiel. model. performed fairl. wel. at predicting the ENSO phase-specific l.ss of wheat yiel.s from drought. This yiel. model.may be useful.for predicting yiel. l.ss from drought and schedul.ng irrigation al.ocation based on the phenol.gical.phase-specific sensitivity to drought as impacted by ENSO.

关键词： ARID Drought Drought Index ENSO El.Niño Growth-Stage Model Phenol.gical.Phase Prediction Semi-Arid Wheat Yiel. l.ss

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