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Assessing the Effectiveness of solar Photovoltaic Powered Reverse Osmosis Desalination systems across Different Water Resources in saudi Arabia

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2025年第1期15卷 1-17页

作者： O. s. Abd El-Kawi Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Al-Baha University Al Baha Saudi Arabia Reactors Department Nuclear Research Center Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Cairo Egypt

This study investigates the performance of a solar photovoltaic (PV)-powered reverse osmosis (RO) desalination system applied to diverse water sources in the Al-Baha region, saudi Arabia, including seawater, groundwater, rainwater, municipal water, and brackish water. Key water quality parameters including Total Dissolved solids (TDs), pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), salinity, and specific Gravity (sG) were measured before and after desalination to assess system effectiveness. Results showed significant reductions in TDs, EC, and salinity levels across all water types, with seawater and brackish water achieving salt rejection rates of 98.32% and 99.16%, respectively. Post-desalination TDs for seawater decreased from 25,000 mg/L to 420 mg/L and for brackish water from 11,900 mg/L to 100 mg/L, achieving potable standards. pH values remained stable within potable standards, while EC values for seawater and brackish water dropped from 50,000 µs/cm to 484 µs/cm and from 12,000 µs/cm to 95 µs/cm, respectively. Water recovery rates varied from 70% to 95.33%, with the highest recovery observed in rainwater and groundwater samples. The overall desalination efficiency was highest for seawater and brackish water, at 82.96% and 84.5%, respectively, demonstrating the PV-RO system’s capability to provide high-quality, potable water from a variety of sources. This study underscores the potential of solar-powered RO technology as a sustainable solution for desalination in regions with diverse water sources and limited access to electricity.

关键词： solar Photovoltaic (PV)-Powered Reverse Osmosis Water sources

Aging and Dynamics of Information: The Deeper side of Biology (An Interdisciplinary Commentary)

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Advances in Aging Research 2025年第1期14卷 22-36页

作者： Jorge Barragán sebastián sánchez Department of Histology Universidad del Gran Rosario Rosario Argentina

The relationship between the evolution of the basal metabolic rate (BMR) and the evolution of mass estimated as body weight in complex organisms such as human beings show the association between dissipated energy and information recovered as material structure. In such a context, it is necessary to highlight that the metabolic rate estimated as the energy dissipated per unit of mass presents the same rate of change as the mechanical speed estimated as distance traveled per unit of time. We describe this as a logical equivalence that has consequences on the geometry of the system. Our study proposes to describe the relationships between BMR, body weight, and the geometry of these systems in the same way that relativistic mechanics describes the relationships between matter, speed, and the geometry of the space in which the variables of a physical system are defined. It is exactly the same mechanical description, but considering five dimensions instead of four. The concept of information density limit is decisive in this theoretical framework since it contributes to explaining the changes in the geometry of these systems, their order-chaos transitions, and their general holographic description.

关键词： Margalef’s Principle Hologram Metabolic Rate Bekenstein Boundary Temporal Perimeter size and Dimension

Reproducibility in Transportation Research: Importance, Best Practices, and Dealing with Protected and sensitive Data

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2025年第1期15卷 179-202页

作者： Jonathan s. Wood Ida van schalkwyk Department of Civil Construction & Environmental Engineering Iowa State University IA USA Washington Department of Transportation WA USA

Reproducibility is a key aspect of the scientific method as it provides evidence for research claims. It is essential to promote openness, accessibility, and collaboration within the scientific community. This article aims to provide an introduction to best practices in reproducibility that are relevant to the transportation research community, to discuss issues and barriers to reproducibility, and to describe methods for addressing these issues. This article starts by discussing openness and transparency, then discusses several key best practices for reproducibility in transportation engineering, highlighting common methods and techniques, as well as the associated benefits. The paper concludes with a discussion of the key barriers to implementing reproducibility practices in transportation research and potential solutions. The barriers include existing culture and attitudes, data sensitivity, insufficient methodological detail, lack of code sharing, limited validation, additional time and research burden, and skill and knowledge gaps. Discussing each of these items provides an opportunity for the transportation research community to evolve to become one that embraces the openness and transparency of reproducibility.

关键词： Reproducibility Openness Transparency scientific Method Responsible Research

Clinically diagnosed late-onset fulminant Wilson's disease without cirrhosis: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第2期24卷 290-296页

作者： Takahiro Amano Tokuhiro Matsubara Tsutomu Nishida Hiromi shimakoshi Akiyoshi shimoda Aya sugimoto Kei Takahashi Kaori mukai Masashi Yamamoto shiro Hayashi sachiko Nakajima Koji Fukui Masami Inada Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Toyonaka Municipal Hospital

A 64-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with jaundice of the bulbar conjunctiva and general fatigue. After admission, she developed hepatic encephalopathy and was diagnosed with fulminant hepatitis based on the American Association for the study of Liver Disease(AAsLD) position paper. Afterwards, additional laboratory findings revealed that serum ceruloplasmin levels were reduced, urinary copper levels were greatly elevated and Wilson's disease(WD)-specific routine tests were positive, but the Kayser-Fleischer ring was not clear. Based on the AAsLD practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of WD, the patient was ultimately diagnosed with fulminant WD. Then, administration of penicillamine and zinc acetate was initiated; however, the patient unfortunately died from acute pneumonia on the 28 th day of hospitalization. At autopsy, the liver did not show a bridging pattern of fibrosis suggestive of chronic liver injury. Here, we present the case of a patient with clinically diagnosed late-onset fulminant WD without cirrhosis, who had positive disease-specific routine tests.

关键词： Wilson’s disease Fulminant hepatitis Lateonset Liver cirrhosis Copper

Fecal microbiota transplantation in allergic diseases

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 83-91页

作者： Ece TüsüzÖnata ÖnerÖzdemir Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Medical FacultySakarya UniversityAdapazarı54100SakaryaTürkiye

Microorganisms such as bacteria,fungi,viruses,parasites living in the human intestine constitute the human intestinal *** refers to composi-tional and quantitative changes that negatively affect healthy gut *** recent years,with the demonstration that many diseases are associated with dysbiosis,treatment strategies targeting the correction of dysbiosis in the treat-ment of these diseases have begun to be *** microbiota trans-plantation(FMT)is the process of transferring faeces from a healthy donor to another recipient in order to restore the gut microbiota and provide a therapeutic *** studies have gained popularity after probiotic,prebiotic,symbiotic studies in the treatment of dysbiosis and related *** has emerged as a potential new therapy in the treatment of allergic diseases as it is associated with the maintenance of intestinal microbiota and immunological balance(T helper 1/T helper 2 cells)and thus suppression of allergic *** this article,the definition,application,safety and use of FMT in allergic diseases will be discussed with current data.

关键词： Microbiota Dysbiosis Faecal microbiota transplantation Allergic diseases

Lactate is a potentially harmful substitute for brain glucose fuel:consequences for metabolic restoration of neurotransmission

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1403-1404页

作者： Oliver Kann Lennart soder Babak Khodaie Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences(IZN) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

The metabolite lactate (L-lactate) can be generated and released by diverse brain cells,including neurons,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes (Kann,2023;Rae et al.,2024).Lactate production usually requires the degradation of glucose (D-glucose)-and glycogen in astrocytes-to pyruvate by glycolysis and subsequent conversion of pyruvate to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase(Figure 1A;Dienel,2019;Rae et al.,2024).

关键词： consequences Figure restoration

Finite Deformation, Finite strain Nonlinear Micropolar NCCT for Thermoviscoelastic solids with Rheology

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Applied Mathematics 2025年第1期16卷 143-168页

作者： Karan s. surana sri sai Charan Mathi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kansas Lawrence KS USA Trane Technologies La Crosse WI USA

This paper presents a nonlinear micropolar nonclassical continuum theory (MPNCCT) for finite deformation, finite strain deformation physics of thermosviscoelastic solid medium with memory (polymeric micropolar solids) based on classical rotations cΘand their rates. Contravariant second Piola-Kirchhoff stress and moment tensors, in conjunction with finite deformation measures derived by the authors in recent paper, are utilized in deriving the conservation and balance laws and the constitutive theories based on conjugate pairs in entropy inequality and the representation theorem. This nonlinear MPNCCT for TVEs with rheology: 1) incorporates nonlinear ordered rate dissipation mechanism based on Green’s strain rates up to order n;2) also incorporates an additional ordered rate dissipation mechanism due to microconstituents, the viscosity of the medium and the rates of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient (of cΘ) tensor up to order n, referred to as micropolar dissipation or micropolar viscous dissipation mechanism;3) incorporates the primary mechanism of memory or rheology due to long chain molecules of the polymer and the viscosity of the medium by using the contravaraint second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor and its rates up to order m, resulting in a relaxation spectrum;4) incorporates second mechanism of memory or rheology due to nonclassical physics, interaction of microconstituents with the viscous medium and long chain molecules by considering rates of the contravariant second Piola-Kirchhoff moment tensor up to order m, resulting in relaxation of second Piola-Kirchhoff moment tensor. This results in another relaxation spectrum for the second Piola-Kirchhoff moment tensor due to microconstituents, referred to as micropolar relaxation spectrum consisting of micropolar relaxation time constants of the material. This nonlinear MPNCCT for TVEs with memory is thermodynamically and mathematically consistent, and the mathematical model consisting of conservation

关键词： Nonclassical Micropolar Dissipation Ordered Rate Conservation and Balance Laws Representation Theorem Microviscous Dissipation Microdissipation Ordered Rate Finite Deformation Theories Finite strain Conservation and Balance Laws

sTING palmitoylation as a therapeutic target

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第3期16卷 236-241页

作者： Anne Louise Hansen Kojiro mukai Francisco J.schopfer Tomohiko Taguchi Christian K.Holm Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University8000 Aarhus CDenmark Laboratory of Organelle Pathophysiology Department of Integrative Life SciencesGraduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578 MiyagiJapan Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA

Gain-of-function mutations in the sTING-encoding gene TMEM173 are central to the pathology of the autoinflammatory disorder sTING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy(sAVI).Furthermore,excessive activity of the sTING signaling pathway is associated with autoinflammatory diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus and Aicardi–Goutières syndrome(AGs).Two independent studies recently identified pharmacological inhibitors of ***,both types of compounds are reactive nitrocontaining electrophiles that target sTING palmitoylation,a posttranslational modification necessary for sTING *** a consequence,the activation of downstream signaling molecules and the induction of type I interferons were *** compounds were effective at ameliorating inflammation in a mouse model of AGs and in blocking the production of type I interferons in primary fibroblasts from sAVI *** mini-review focuses on the roles of palmitoylation in sTING activation and signaling and as a pharmaceutical target for drug development.

关键词： sTING Palmitoylation Inflammation sAVI Interferonopathies

Changes in Breastfeeding and of Breasts before and after Babies’ surgeries for Ankyloglossia with Deviation of the Epiglottis and Larynx (ADEL) —Healthy Breastfeedin

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Health 2016年第9期8卷 868-886页

作者： susumu mukai mukai Clinic Yamato Japan

Background: Historically frenotomy was performed at newborn babies’ baptism for healthy breast-feeding over many centuries. Although it was necessary for nursing babies, its application was denied subjectively without clinical observation since the early 20th century. As a result solutions for breastfeeding and breast problems are confused now. Methods: We studied changes in breastfeeding and mothers’ breasts before and one month after the surgeries for ADEL by standards for healthy breastfeeding and breasts. Results: With regard to suckling, before the surgeries 24% of babies opened their eyes during breastfeeding, while after surgeries 76% opened eyes while nursing. 30% of the babies latched onto the mother’s breast with a wide-open mouth. After surgeries, 84% properly latched on. 73% of the babies had calluses on the upper lip before surgeries, and no calluses were observed after surgeries. 27% of babies before surgeries moved the jaws during breast-feeding, but after surgeries 88% moved the jaws while nursing. White debris was on the dorsum tongue in 70% of babies prior to surgeries. After surgeries, 22% were with debris. 67% of mothers experienced nipple pain before their babies’ surgeries while 6% had pain after the surgeries. Flattened nipples were observed in 55% of mothers before the infants’ surgeries, 7% after surgeries. 23% of mothers had breast pain before the surgeries, and 4% had breast pain after the surgeries. Mastitis was also reduced from 9% to 1% after surgeries. 73% of women had palpable breast masses, and after the surgeries 25% had palpable masses. summary: Remarkable improvements in breastfeeding and in women’s breasts were achieved after their infants underwent operations for ADEL. These results indicate the necessity of surgical interventions in babies with ADEL for healthy breastfeeding and breasts (279).

关键词： Correction of the Glosso-Larynx (CGL) Expansion of the Vestibular Oris (EVO) Nipple Eye Contact Respiration sleep snoring Crying Occlusion