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Dual‑Donor‑Induced Crystallinity Modulation Enables 19.23% Efficiency Organic solar Cells

Nano-Micro letters 2025年第3期17卷 376-388页

作者： Anhai liang Yuqing sun sein Chung Jiyeong shin Kangbo sun Chaofeng zhu Jingjing Zhao Zhenmin Zhao Yufei Zhong Guangye Zhang Kilwon Cho Zhipeng Kan Center On Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak&NeutralitySchool of Physical Science&TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673South Korea College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Advanced Photovoltaic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringNingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100People’s Republic of China state Key laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and life-Cycle safety for Composite structures Nanning 530004People’s Republic of China

Trap-assisted charge recombination is one of the primary limitationsof restricting the performance of organic solar cells. However, effectivelyreducing the presence of traps in the photoactive layer remains ***, wide bandgap polymer donor PTzBI-dF is demonstrated as an effectivemodulator for enhancing the crystallinity of the bulk heterojunction active layerscomposed of D18 derivatives blended with Y6, leading to dense and orderedmolecular packings, and thus, improves photoluminescence quenching *** a result, the photovoltaic devices exhibit reduced trap-assisted charge recombinationlosses, achieving an optimized power conversion efficiency of over 19%.Besides the efficiency enhancement, the devices comprised of PTzBI-dF as athird component simultaneously attain decreased current leakage, improved chargecarrier mobilities, and suppressed bimolecular charge recombination, leading toreduced energy losses. The advanced crystalline structures induced by PTzBI-dFand its characteristics, such as well-aligned energy level, and complementaryabsorption spectra, are ascribed to the promising performance *** findings suggest that donor phase engineering is a feasible approach to tuning the molecular packings in the active layer, providingguidelines for designing effective morphology modulators for high-performance organic solar cells.

关键词： Trap-assisted charge recombination Photoluminescence Miscibility Current leakage Power conversion efficiency

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Thermally activated delayed fluorescence enhanced by macrocyclization

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： shuo li Chenghao zhu lijun Mao Xin Zhang Zecong Ye Chunju li Da Ma school of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced studies Taizhou University school of Chemical Engineering and light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Tianjin Key laboratory of structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Tianjin Normal University

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) depends on reverse intersystem crossing (RIsC) from the lowest triplet to the singlet excited state. Here, a macrocyclization strategy is developed to achieve TADF emission by promoting RIsC. 5-(9Hcarbazol-9-yl) isophthalonitrile, a fluorescent molecule, is coupled with 1,4-dimethoxybenzene by methylene bridges to form a macrocycle with TADF emission. Experimental results and theoretical calculation indicate that the macrocyclization strategy contributes to RIsC promotion and suppression of nonradiative decay, resulting in effective TADF emission transformed from prompt fluorescence. Three TADF luminophores are cyclized with the same strategy, and an enhanced TADF emission of up to3.8 folds is observed. The marriage of macrocycle chemistry and luminescent materials will provide new guidelines for designing efficient TADF materials.

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Research on the deformation mechanism of flexural toppling deep-seated landslides based on large centrifuge physical model testing: A case study of the Genie landslide in the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth science 2025年

作者： shichao Cao Xiujun Dong Changbao Guo Ruian Wu Zhihua Yang Guang Zheng Xiaoqiang zhu state Key laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection， Chengdu University of Technology Institute of Geomechanics， Chinese Academy of Geological sciences Key laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological safety， Ministry of Natural Resources

Flexural toppling is a widespread failure mode in natural and excavated anti-inclined rock slopes of the eastern Tibetan Plateau， which can further evolve into large deep-seated landslides， posing significant threats to the construction and operation of important infrastructure. In this study， we took the large deep-seated Genie landslide as a case study and established a centrifuge physical model to analyze the deformation mechanism and evolutionary process of flexural toppling deep-seated landslides under the effect of gravity. The results indicate that the geomechanical mode of landslide instability is characterized by flexural toppling-shearing-sliding， with the deformation process could be divided into three stages: initial slow deformation stage marked by crack generation， rapid deformation stage characterized by the expansion and fracturing of cracks， and a low-speed deformation stage characterized by creep. Notably， the sliding surfaces do not adhere strictly to predefined bending zones but develop cracks along the bending parts， which gradually expand and penetrate deeper， eventually forming multiple potential sliding surfaces. The analysis of the entire process deformation evolution of flexural toppling deep-seated landslides suggests that the rapid deformation stage is the optimal time to take action for landslide prevention and control. The study demonstrates that the shear strength also plays a key factor in the evolution of flexural toppling. The research reveals the deformation mechanism and evolutionary process of large deep-seated landslides in deep-cut canyon areas， providing valuable reference for the prediction， assessment， and prevention of such slopes and landslides.

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High-performance transparent graphene-based antennas

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science China Technological sciences 2025年

作者： Chaoye HONG lusong WEI Weijia WANG Youmei TANG Qinghai zhu Jiangtao HUANGFU Mingsheng XU College of Integrated Circuits State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials Zhejiang University College of Information science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University

With the continuous development of wireless communication technology, applications in the military, aerospace,and vehicle wireless communication sectors have demanded miniaturized and aesthetically pleasing antennas. Transparent antennas, which combine the advantages of optical and radio-frequency(RF) technologies, have become a popular research topic. However, existing transparent antennas often suffer from complex preparation processes, fragile materials, poor conductivity, and low optical transmittance. Here, we develop hybrid conductive thin films using graphene and silver nanowires,achieving a transmittance of 86% and a sheet resistance of 7.8 Ω/sq with high environmental stability. We demonstrate the suitability of this nanocomposite in two applications: a transparent ultrahigh-frequency RF-identification tag folded dipole antenna and a transparent X-band microwave half-wave dipole antenna. These antennas offer high gain, high radiation efficiency, and small size, indicating that transparent graphene-based antennas have remarkable potential for intelligent information sensor systems.

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Bifunctional bridging capping layer enables 24.5% efficiency of perovskite solar cells with polymer-based hole transport materials

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science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 350-359页

作者： Can zhu Yiyang Wang lei Meng Beibei Qiu Jing li shucheng Qin Ke Hu Xin Jiang Wenbin lai Minchao liu Zhe liu Chenxing lu Jinyuan Zhang Yongfang li Beijing National laboratory for Molecular sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Chemical science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of solid state Optoelectronic Devices of Zhejiang Province College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Zhejiang Normal University Key laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow University

Developing a bridge capping layer between perovskite and hole transport layer materials（HTMs） in the n-i-p perovskite solar cells（pero-sCs） is an effective approach to modify the morphology of HTMs and passivate the perovskite ***, we select the quinoxaline-based bifunctional passivation agent, quinoxalin-6-yl-methylamine hydrochloride（Qx MACl）,as the bridging layer, and a D-A copolymer PBQ12 containing the same quinoxaline unit as an HTM for the n-i-p pero-sCs. Due to the π-π stacking among the common quinoxaline units in the bridge layer and HTM, Qx MACl induces the π-π stacking of the PBQ12 film and improves the film morphology of HTMs with better conductivity. Additionally, Qx MACl can effectively passivate the perovskite surface, and PBQ12 possesses appropriate energy levels and high hole mobility. The pero-sCs based on FAPbI3with PBQ12/Qx MACl treatment showed a higher power conversion efficiency（PCE） of 24.05% and outstanding stability, maintaining 95.4% and 92.1% of its initial PCE after 750 h of storage and after over 800 h of thermal annealing at 85 °C, respectively. To further enhance the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices, we developed a non-metal ion dopant for the PBQ12 HTM. Through trace doping of PBQ12 HTM by the non-metal ion dopant, the PCE of the PBQ12/Qx MACl-based devices reached 25.24%（the calibrated PCE of 24.55% by the National Institute of Metrology, China）.

关键词： D-A copolymer, hole transport materials, bifunctional bridge capping layer, passivation perovskite solar cells

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Deciphering the mechanobiology of microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced microsystems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès sylvain Gabriele Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced microsystems in traumatic brain injury research:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)results from a mechanical insult to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and subsequently causing a secondary *** minutes ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage

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High-temperature self-powered X-ray detection in a bilayered hybrid ferroelectric halide perovskite

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science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Yingying Zheng Panpan Yu Yunpeng Yao shihai You Zeng-Kui zhu Junhua luo school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Key laboratory of Fluorine and silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal University school of Environmental and Material Engineering Yantai University Fujian science & Technology Innovation laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China

X-ray detectors which convert X-ray irradiation into electrical signals play an important role in diverse applications including medical diagnosis, security examination, nondestructive inspection, personal X-ray dosimeters and fundamental research[1–5]. Recently, metal halide perovskites（MHP） have been developed as a promising family for X-ray detection contributing to their intrinsic advantages, e.g.,simple synthesis, efficient X-ray absorption and excellent semiconducting properties[5–10].

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Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao Michael s.Wolfe Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-secretase,called“the proteasome of the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface *** inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as ***,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates,the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage byγ-*** this review,we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms ofγ-*** mechanisms,including the“Fit-stay-Trim,”“sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics *** an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successfully capturedγ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates byγ-*** addition,controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is ***,an outlook is provided for future studies ofγ-secretase,including pathways of substrate binding and product release,effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein cryo-EM structures drug design intramembrane proteolysis molecular dynamics Notch

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Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 20-25页

作者： Nadeesha R samarasinghe Taniya s Nagpal Michele l Barbeau Charys M Martin Division of General surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3BCCanada Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2R3ABCanada Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada

The benefits of regular physical activity are well ***,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary *** investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MsK)anatomy course *** synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy *** fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously *** the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MsK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental *** participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MsK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce *** majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social ***,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MsK course *** with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

关键词： Medical education Musculoskeletal Anatomy Exercise Online learning

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Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1628-1643页

作者： Yimiao Jiang Zengxin Qi Huixian zhu Kangli shen Ruiqi liu Chenxin Fang Weiwei lou Yifan Jiang Wangrui Yuan Xin Cao liang Chen Qianxing zhuang Department of Physiology School of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Huashan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina National Center for Neurological Disorders ShanghaiChina shanghai Key laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration ShanghaiChina state Key laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain science Institute of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore,bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico–striato–pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease,particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremordominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia–thalamus network. Therefore, the comp

关键词： anxiety basal ganglia bradykinesia deep brain stimulation depression globus pallidus externus globus pallidus internus lateral globus pallidus medial globus pallidus neural circuit Parkinson's disease

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