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Vascular endothelial growth factor:a double-edged sword in the development of white matter lesions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 191-192页

作者： Narek Manukjan Daniel Fulton Zubair Ahmed WMatthijs Blankesteijn sébastien Foulquier Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands CARIM-school for Cardiovascular Diseases Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Neuroscience and Ophthalmology Institute of Inflammation and AgeingUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK Centre for Trauma sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamUK MHeNs-school for Mental Health and Neuroscience Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Department of Neurology Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastrichtThe Netherlands

As the population ages,the burden of age-related diseases becomes ***,over 55 million people suffer from dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common ***,it is becoming clearer that underlying vascular pathology such as cerebral small vessel disease(csVD)may be a more detrimental cause for dementia(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).It is estimated that 10%-30%of the elderly population and 35%-90%of all dementia patients exhibit signs of *** term csVD refers to pathology affecting the small vessels of the brain,which can lead to lacunar cerebral infarcts,enlarged perivascular spaces,and cortical hemorrhages(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).CsVD is often associated with cognitive decline,gait problems,and dementia(Cuadrado-Godia et al.,2018).

关键词： pathology becoming white

silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl lászlóGál sylvia Nürnberger Barbara schaedl James Ferguson Nicole swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department life science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Assembly of IMPDH2-Based,CTPs-Based,and Mixed Rod/Ring structures Is Dependent on Cell Type and Conditions of Induction

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2015年第6期42卷 287-299页

作者： Gerson Dierley Keppeke s.John Calise Edward K.l.chan luis Eduardo C.Andrade Rheumatology Division Federal University of Sao Paulo Department of Oral Biology University of Florida Immunology Division Fleury Medicine and Health Laboratories

Inhibition of guanosine triphosphate（GTP） and cytidine triphosphate（CTP） biosynthetic pathways induces cells to assemble rod/ring（RR） structures,also named cytoophidia,which consist of the enzymes cytidine triphosphate synthase（CTPs） and inosine-50-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2（IMPDH2）.We aim to explore the interaction of CTPs and IMPDH2 in the generation of RR *** la and COs-7 cells were cultured in normal conditions or in the presence of 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine（DON）,ribavirin,or mycophenolic acid（MPA）.Over 90% of DON-treated cells presented RR *** He la cells,35% of the RR structures were positive for IMPDH2 alone,26% were CTPs alone,and 31% were IMPDH2/CTPs mixed,while in COs-7 cells,42% of RR were IMPDH2 alone,41% were CTPs alone,and 10% were IMPDH2/CTPs *** and MPA treatments induced only IMPDH2-based *** were also transfected with an N-terminal hemagglutinin（NHA）-tagged CTPs1 *** 95% of NHA-CTPs1 transfected cells with DON treatment presented IMPDH2-based RR and almost 100% presented CTPs1-based RR;when treated with ribavirin,over 94% of transfected cells presented IMPDH2-based RR and 37% presented CTPs1-based RR,whereas 2% of untreated transfected cells presented IMPDH2-based RR and 28% presented CTPs1-based *** results may help in understanding the relationship between CTP and GTP biosynthetic pathways,especially concerning the formation of filamentous RR structures.

关键词： Nucleotide synthesis Enzyme aggregation Enzyme inhibition IMPDH2 CTPs

Role of lPs/CD14/TlR4-mediated inflammation in necrotizing enterocolitis:Pathogenesis and therapeutic implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第38期15卷 4745-4752页

作者： Kwong l chan Kwong F Wong John M luk Department of surgery The University of Hong Kong Division of Paediatric surgery Queen Mary Hospital Department of Pharmacology and Department of surgery National University Health SystemNational University of SingaporeMD11 #05-1210 Medical Drive

AIM:To establish the roles of lipopolysaccharide (lPs)/CD14/toll-like receptor 4 (TlR4)-mediated inflammation in a rat model of human necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).METHODs: six pairs of intestinal samples from human NEC were collected before and after recovery for histological and molecular analysis of inflammatory cytokines and signaling components. In the rat NEC model, we isolated 10-cm jejunum segments and divided them into six groups (n=6) for sham operation, treatment with lPs, bowel distension, combined bowel distension and lPs stimulation, and two therapeutic groups. The potential eff icacy of a recombinant CD18 peptide and a monoclonal CD14 antibody was evaluated in the latter two groups. The serum and tissue levels of several inflammatory mediators were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction, ElIsA and ***: Human acute phase NEC tissues displayed significant increases (Plevels of TlR4, CD14, myeloid differentiation protein (MD)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor-κB when compared to those after recovery. The histological and inflammatory picture of human NEC was reproduced in rats that were treated with combined bowel distension and lPs, but not in the sham-operated and other control rats. serum levels of interleukin-6 and TNF-α were also elevated. The NEC pathology was attenuated by treating the NEC rats with a monoclonal CD14 antibody or an lPs-neutralizing ***:lPs and distension are required to produce the histological and inflammatory features of NEC. A potential treatment option is blocking lPs activation and leukocyte infi ltration.

关键词： CD14 antigen lipopolysaccharide Necrotizing enterocolitis Pathogenesis Therapy Toll-like receptor 4

Day-ahead electricity price forecasting using back propagation neural networks and weighted least square technique

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Frontiers in Energy 2016年第1期10卷 105-113页

作者： s. surender REDDY chan-Mook JUNG Ko Jun sEOG Department of Railroad and Electrical Engineering Woosong University Daejeon 300718 Republic of Korea Department of Raikoad and Civil Engineering Woosong University Daejeon 300718 Republic of Korea Korea Rail Network Authority Daejeon 300718 Republic of Korea

This paper proposes the day-ahead electricity price forecasting using the artificial neural networks （ANN） and weighted least square （Wls） technique in the restructured electricity markets. Price forecasting is very important for online trading, e-commerce and power system operation. Forecasting the hourly locational marginal prices （lMP） in the electricity markets is a very important basis for the decision making in order to maximize the profits/benefits. The novel approach pro- posed in this paper for forecasting the electricity prices uses Wls technique and compares the results with the results obtained by using ANNs. To perform this price forecasting, the market knowledge is utilized to optimize the selection of input data for the electricity price forecasting tool. In this paper, price forecasting for Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland （PJM） interconnec- tion is demonstrated using the ANNs and the proposed Wls technique. The data used for this price forecasting is obtained from the PJM website. The forecasting results obtained by both methods are compared, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed forecasting approach. From the simulation results, it can be observed that the accuracy of prediction has increased in both seasons using the proposed Wls technique. Another important advantage of the proposed Wls technique is that it is not an iterative method.

关键词： day-ahead electricity markets price forecast-ing load forecasting artificial neural networks load servingentities

structural changes of a Tropical Cyclone during landfall: β-plane simulations

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2010年第5期27卷 1143-1150页

作者： K.C.sZETO Johnny C.l.chan school of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong

This study investigated the effects of landfall on the structure of a tropical cyclone （TC）. Numerical simulations were performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model on a β-plane. Two landfall experiments, one with an east–west and another with a north–south oriented coastline, were performed. similar to previous studies on an f-plane, large-scale flows in the low-to-middle troposphere were modified due to friction. A pair of counter rotating gyres was found, which was shown to be consistent with the slight deffection of the TC relative to the control experiment without land. Compared to previous f-plane simulations, because of the inherent asymmetries due to the β-gyres, the large-scale pattern of flows and convergences/divergences related to friction were found to depend on coastline orientations. On the other hand, regardless of the coastline orientation, convergences were found to be stronger to the left for both cases near landfall, as in previous f-plane simulations. such a convergence pattern subsequently induced a change in convection and rainfall at the eyewall.

关键词： tropical cyclone landfall numerical simulations

spacing optimization of high power lED arrays for solid state lighting

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Journal of semiconductors 2011年第1期32卷 45-49页

作者： Y.sing chan s.W.Ricky lee Electronic Packaging laboratory Center for Advanced Microsystems Packaging Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

This paper provides an analytical approach to determine the optimum pitch by utilizing a thermal resistance network, under the assumption of constant luminous efficiency. This work allows an lED array design which is mounted on a printed circuit board （PCB） attached with a heat sink subject to the natural convection cooling. Being validated by finite element （FE） models, the current approach can be shown as an effective method for the determination of optimal component spacing in an lED array assembly for ssl.

关键词： high power lED thermal resistance network finite element modeling

sensitivity of precipitation statistics to urban growth in a subtropical coastal megacity cluster

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第9期29卷 6-12页

作者： Christopher Claus Holst Johnny C.l.chan Chi-Yung Tam school of Energy and Enuironment City Uniuersity of liong KongHong KongChina Guy Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate Impact Centre City Uniuersity of Hong KongHong KongChina Earth system science Programme The Chinese Uniuersity of Hong KongHong KongChina

This short paper presents an investigation on how human activities may or may not affect precipitation based on numerical simulations of precipitation in a benchmark case with modified lower boundary conditions, representing different stages of urban development in the model. The results indicate that certain degrees of urbanization affect the likelihood of heavy precipitation significantly, while less urbanized or smaller cities are much less prone to these effects. such a result can be explained based on our previous work where the sensitivity of precipitation statistics to surface anthropogenic heat sources lies in the generation of buoyancy and turbulence in the planetary boundary layer and dissipation through triggering of convection. Thus only mega cities of sufficient size, and hence human-activity-related anthropogenic heat emission, can expect to experience such effects. In other words, as cities grow, their effects upon precipitation appear to grow as well.

关键词： Urban precipitation Micro climate sensitivity Urbanization

Network coding-aware cache replacement policy in on-demand broadcast environments

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2012年第5期19卷 92-100页

作者：陈君 lEE Victor C s chan Edward school of Information Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Dept.of Computer science City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Network coding has been proved to be an effective technique in improving the performance of data broadcast systems because clients requesting different data items can be served simultaneously in one broadcast. Previous studies showed that its efficiency is highly related to the content of clients' cache. However, existing data broadcast systems do not take network coding information into account when making cache replacement decisions. In this paper, we propose two networks coding-aware cache replacement policies called DlRU and DlRU-CP to supplement network coding assisted data broadcast in on-demand broadcast environments. In DlRU, both data access and decoding contribution are taken into account to make replacement decisions. DlRU-CP is based on DlRU but allows clients to retrieve decodable data items that have not been requested yet. The performance gain of our proposed cache replacement policies over traditional cache replacement policy is shown in the simulation results, which demonstrate conclusively that the proposed policies can effectively reduce the overall response time.

关键词： Network coding cache replacement on-demand broadcast mobile computing