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Academic stress Assessment Using Virtual Reality as an Educational Tool in spine surgery

Open Journal of Modern neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 114-123页

作者： Diana chávez lizárraga Jesús Alberto Pérez Contreras Fernando Alvarado Gómez Evelyn Quintero Medina Emmanuel Cantú chávez Iván Ulises sámano lópez Ana sofía Peña Blesa Department of neurosurgery ángeles Pedregal Ciudad de México México Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics Hospital Santa Fe Bogotá Colombia

Introduction: The evaluation of academic stress in medical students and residents is a topic of significant interest, given the considerable challenges they face during their learning process with traditional teaching methods. The use of technologies like virtual reality presents an opportunity to enhance their skills through simulations and training. The main objective of this study is to qualitatively assess the stress levels experienced by medical students and residents by integrating virtual reality into their current learning methods, aiming to improve their ability to manage stressors in their practice. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was conducted with 12 medical students and 12 Traumatology and orthopedics residents. The purpose of the questionnaire was to evaluate the levels of academic stress using the sIsCO inventory. The stress levels were calculated by transforming average values into percentages, and the following criteria were assigned: 0 to 33% for Mild stress, 34 to 66% for Moderate stress, and 67 to 100% for Deep stress. Then, a virtual reality class focused on spine surgery was provided. Both medical students and residents were trained using the non nocere sharpsurgeon software platform and Oculus Quest 2 virtual reality glasses. At the end of the session, a second questionnaire related to the practice with virtual reality was conducted with the same evaluation criteria and a comparative analysis was carried out. Results: 12 undergraduate students from Hospital Angeles Mexico, CDMX and 12 traumatology and orthopedics residents at Hospital santa Fe, Bogota were evaluated. The students in CDMX reported an average qualitative stress of 28.50% during habitual practices, which decreased to an average of 14.67% after virtual reality practice. Residents in Bogotá experienced an average qualitative stress of 30.50% with their current learning methods but this reduced to an average of 13.92% after using virtual reality. These findings indicate that t

关键词： Virtual Reality Academic stress learning strategies spine surgery Training

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Direct microwave leaching conditions of rare earth elements in fluorescent wastes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.Bilen B.Birol M.n.saridede s.s.Kaplan M.s.sonmez Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of chemical Engineering and Materials science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The luminescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lamp constitutes 2%of the lamp’s *** can be mentioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw material to produce rare earth *** the present study,microwave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elements yttrium(Y),europium(Eu),and remaining rare earth elements(REEs)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the microwave leaching process,the effects of the temperature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HnO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)sO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 mol/l),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction time(5-90 min)parameters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elements and calcium were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct microwave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experimental conditions of 6 mol/l HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(s:l),and 90 *** energy calculations were made,and kinetic models of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and Eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum(la),cerium(Ce),and terbium(Tb)were examined to be chemical reaction ***,calcium(Ca)and gadolinium(Gd)seem coherent with the mixed ***,mathematical models of all experimental studies are created with the response surface Box-Behnken method and the correlation coefficients of all the models are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elements(REEs) Direct microwave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic models Response surface method

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nanomotion of bacteria to determine metabolic profile

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nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： s.n.Pleskova E.V.lazarenko n.A.Bezrukov R.n.Kriukov A.V.Boryakov M.E.Dokukin s.I.surodin Research laboratory of scanning Probe Microscopy Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Department of nanotechnology and Biotechnology Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a.R.E.AlekseevNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia sarov Physics and Technology Institute National Research Nuclear University MEPhISarov 607186Russia

In addition to their visible motion such as swimming(e.g.,with the help ofﬂagella),bacteria can also exhibit nanomotion that is detectable only with highly sensitive instruments,and this study shows that it is possible to detect bacterial nanomotion using an AFM detection *** results show that the nanomotion characteristics depend on the bacterial strain,and that nanomotion can be used to sense the metabolic activity of bacteria because the oscillations are sensitive to the food preferences of the bacteria and the type of surrounding medium.

关键词： nanomotion Bacteria Cantilever Oscillation Atomic force microscopy Metabolism

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated l-mode plasma on the T-10 tokamak

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： V.A.KRUPIn M.R.nURGAlIEV A.R.nEMETs I.A.ZEMTsOV s.D.sUnTsOV T.B.MYAlTOn D.s.sERGEEV n.A.sOlOVEV D.V.sARYchEV D.V.RYJAKOV s.n.TUGARInOV n.n.nAUMEnKO national Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia Bauman Moscow state Technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ITER” Moscow 123098Russia JsC“sOlAR” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the T-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. Predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECRH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. To study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECRH power. The EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. The scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECRH regimes. Discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. The high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio Te/Ti, the normalized electron density gradient R/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. The combination of high Te/Ti, high νii~*, and R/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak l-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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sustainability assessment of solar drying systems:a comparative life-cycle analysis of phase-change material-based *** solar dryers

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 183-196页

作者： nakum Divyangkumar Kirtika sharma n.l.Panwar Gande saichandhu Department of Renewable Energy Engineering Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and TechnologyUdaipur(Rajasthan)313001India Environmental Management Jawaharlal Nehru University TechnologyHyderabadIndia

solar drying systems are becoming a popular alternative to traditional energy-based drying systems for agricultural products due to their effectiveness and reduced fuel *** the efficiency of solar drying systems has been thoroughly investigated,their sustainability has not been studied *** study aims to fill that gap by conducting a life-cycle assessment of two new solar drying systems built in Udaipur,Rajasthan,*** environmental implications of an innovative cylindrical solar-assisted drying system and a phase-change material-based solar drying system were evaluated using cradle-to-gate life-cycle *** study uses the ReCiPe 2016 endpoints(H)technique to calculate various aspects such as midpoint,endpoint,single score,normalization result,and network diagram for phase-change material-based solar drying and cylindrical solar-assisted *** show that phase-change material-based solar drying has an average of 40%more impact on the environment than cylindrical solar-assisted drying,with a high impact found in human non-carcinogenic toxicity,mainly due to the production of phase-change ma***,cylindrical solar-assisted drying system crossover phase-change material based solar drying in terms of its impact on human carcinogenic toxicity and fossil resource *** contribution to global warming of phase-change material-based solar drying is 13.7%more than that of cylindrical solar-assisted *** endpoint characterization indicates that phase-change material-based solar drying exceeds in terms of human health(40%)and ecosystem(37.04%),whereas cylindrical solar-assisted drying surpasses phase-change material-based solar drying in terms of impacts on resources,at 14%.The early drying in phase-change material-based solar drying makes up for its higher impact than that in cylindrical solar-assisted drying,which takes 3 hours longer to *** study offers guidance and methods for making the best choice of

关键词： solar drying cylindrical hybrid solar dryer PCM-based solar dryer life-cycle assessment ReCiPe method impact assessment

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A Probabilistic Trust Model and Control Algorithm to Protect 6G networks against Malicious Data Injection Attacks in Edge Computing Environments

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第10期141卷 631-654页

作者： Borja Bordel sánchez Ramón Alcarria Tomás Robles Department of Computer systems Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain Department of Geospatial Engineering Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid28031Spain

Future 6G communications are envisioned to enable a large catalogue of pioneering *** will range from networked Cyber-Physical systems to edge computing devices,establishing real-time feedback control loops critical for managing Industry 5.0 deployments,digital agriculture systems,and essential *** provision of extensive machine-type communications through 6G will render many of these innovative systems autonomous and *** full automation will enhance industrial efficiency significantly,it concurrently introduces new cyber risks and *** particular,unattended systems are highly susceptible to trust issues:malicious nodes and false information can be easily introduced into control ***,Denialof-service attacks can be executed by inundating the network with valueless *** anomaly detection schemes require the entire transformation of the control software to integrate new steps and can only mitigate anomalies that conform to predefined mathematical *** based on an exhaustive data collection to detect anomalies are precise but extremely *** models,with their limited understanding of mobile networks,can achieve precision rates no higher than 75%.Therefore,more general and transversal protection mechanisms are needed to detect malicious behaviors *** paper introduces a probabilistic trust model and control algorithm designed to address this *** model determines the probability of any node to be *** channels are pruned for those nodes whose probability is below a given *** trust control algorithmcomprises three primary phases,which feed themodel with three different probabilities,which are weighted and ***,anomalous nodes are identified using Gaussian mixture models and clustering ***,traffic patterns are studied using digital Bessel functions and the functional scalar ***,the in

关键词： 6G networks noise injection attacks Gaussian mixture model Bessel function traffic filter Volterra filter

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Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： n.IQBAl J.chOI s.F.sHAH C.lEE s.lEE Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline ni-rich linixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(nMC)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary nMC particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of nMC active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(lIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation ni-rich linixMnyCo_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(nMC)

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Phosphine/Benzocyclone-based neutral nickel Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization with Polar Monomers

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chinese Journal of Polymer science 2024年第2期42卷 202-212,I0007页

作者： Fei Wang li Pan Vladislav A.Tuskaev svetlana ch.Gagieva Yue-sheng li Tianjin Key lab of Composite&Functional Materials School of Material Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Department of chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation InstitutionLeninskie Gory 1Moscow119991Russian Federation A n nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesVavilova st.28Moscow119991Russian Federation

The efficient copolymerization of olefin with polar monomers using nickel-based catalysts presents a longstanding challenge. In this contribution, three phosphine-benzocyclone ligands and corresponding neutral nickel catalysts(ni1: Ar = Ph;ni2: Ar = 2-(C_(6)H_(5))C_(6)H_(4);ni3: Ar = 2-[2',6'-(Me O)_(2)-C_(6)H3]C_(6)H_(4)) were prepared and applied for the ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with polar monomers without any cocatalyst. The bulky substituent groups in complexes ni2 and ni3 contributed to high catalytic activities(up to 7.24×10^(6) and 9.04×10^(6)g·mol ni^(-1)·h^(-1), respectively), and produced high-molecular-weight polyethylene(Mw up to 545.7 k Da). Complex ni3 exhibited high activities for ethylene polymerization at the level of 10^(6) g·mol ni^(-1)·h^(-1) across a wide range from 30 ℃ to 120 ℃, exhibiting excellent high temperature tolerance. These nickel complexes were also effectively employed in the copolymerization of ethylene with methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and lauryl acrylate, producing copolymers with high molecular weights(Mw up to 80.5 k Da) and high polar monomer incorporation(up to 8.2 mol%). Microstructure analyses revealed that the introduction of large sterically hindered substituents facilitated the incorporation of polar functional units into the polymer backbone. This study demonstrates the potential of these nickel-based catalysts for efficient copolymerization of olefin with polar monomers.

关键词： neutral nickel catalyst Ethylene polymerization Copolymerization Polar acrylate monomers

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Experimental implementation of phase triplicator gratings in a spatial light modulator

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chinese Optics letters 2024年第2期22卷 64-69页

作者：高尚 María del Mar sánchez-lópez Ignacio Moreno Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Física Aplicada Universidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales Óptica y Tec.Electr´onicaUniversidad Miguel HernándezElche 03202Spain

In this work,we compare different methods for implementing a triplicator,a phase grating that generates three equiintense diffraction *** design with optimal efficiency features a continuous phase profile,which cannot be easily reproduced,and is typically affected by *** compare its performance with binary and sinusoidal phase *** also analyze the effect of quantizing the phase ***,a random approach is adopted to eliminate the additional harmonic *** all cases,a liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulator is employed to experimentally verify and compare the different approaches.

关键词： diffraction gratings phase modulation triplicator spatial light modulators

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solid-liquid extraction for yttrium recovery using porous polymeric resin(XAD-7) functionalized with D_(2)EHPA

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1764-1773,I0005页

作者： P.A.Martínez-Montoya R.G.sanchez-Alvarado D.Y.Medina-Velazquez M.l.Carrera-Jota P.Garnica-chávez A.de J.Morales-Ramirez Higher school of chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries ESIQIEIPNDepartment of Metallurgical EngineeringUPALM S/NCol.LindavistaGustavo A.Madero Cd.de MéxicoC.P07738Mexico Metropolitan Autonomous University Department of MaterialsBasic Sciences and EngineeringAv.San Pablo No.180Col.Reynosa TamaulipasCd.de MéxicoC.P02200Mexico Center for Research and Technological Innovation CIITECIPNCda.de CECATIs/nSanta CatarinaAzcapotzalcoC.P02250CDMXMexico

The recovery of yttrium is proposed by applying a solid-liquid extraction process using di-2-ethyl hexylphosphoric acid(D2EHPA) as extracting *** extracting agents were supported on a macro porous polymeric resin XAD-7(solid phase).Yttrium ions extraction and discharge tests were performed,firstly from a synthetic aqueous solution of 100 mg/l Y(liquid phase) at 25℃ with *** effects of pH of aqueous solutions bearing yttrium,volume fraction of extracting agents and the solid/liquid(s/l)ratio on the yttrium recovery were *** most favorable conditions for yttrium ions extraction are;20 vol% D_(2)EHPA functionalized resin,pH=1.5 and an s/l ratio of 10 mg/ml The discharge of yttrium ions was done under the same conditions of extraction stage,using a 2 mol/l [H_(2)sO_(4)] as stripping *** to 80% yttrium is extracted,while 75% yttrium is recovered in the striping *** all experiments,the reaction equilibrium is reached after 20 min,and the kinetics for the extraction stage was determined as a second-order ***,experiments were carried out to discharge the yttriumloaded resins,and it has been determined that the best pH value to strip the Y ions is *** tests of extraction and discharge for yttrium ions show that the functionalized resin can work at least five cycles without decreasing its ***,the proposed process was tested in a real solution with Y ions fro m a waste fluorescent la mp powder leached in H_(2)sO_(4),demonstrating the ability to effectively recover yttrium,separating it from various metals from the studied residue.

关键词： Yttrium recovery Rare earth solid-liquid extraction XAD-7 resin Fluorescent lamps recycling solid-liquid kinetics extraction

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