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Why primordial continents were recycled to the deep:Role of subduction erosion

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第2期8卷 337-346页

作者： s.Azuma s.yamamoto H.Ichikawa s.Maruyama Earth-Life science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology Graduate school of Environment and Information sciences Yokohama National University Geodynamics Research Center Ehime University

Geological observations indicate that there are only a few rocks of Archean Earth and no Hadean rocks on the surface of the present-day *** these facts,many scientists believe that the primordial continents never existed during Hadean Earth,and the continental volume has kept *** the other hand,recent studies reported the importance of the primordial continents on the origin of life,implying their *** this paper,we discussed the possible process that could explain the loss of the primordial continents with the assumption that they existed in the *** depending on the timing of the initiation of plate tectonics and its convection style,subduction erosion,which is observed on the present-day Earth,might have carried the primordial continents into the deep mantle.

关键词： subduction erosion Hadean Plate tectonics Archean

Changes in soil Physicochemical Properties Following Land Use Change from Paddy Fields to Greenhouse and Upland Fields in the southeastern Basin of Dianchi Lake,Yunnan Province,China

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Pedosphere 2013年第2期23卷 169-176页

作者： N.MORITsUKA T.NIsHIKAWA s.yamamoto N.MATsUI H.INOUE LI Kun-Zhi T.INAMURA Laboratory of Plant Production systems Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto University Kagoshima University KANsO Technos Kunming University of science and Technology

Paddy fields in the southeastern basin of Dianchi Lake have rapidly changed to greenhouses since 1999. A total of 61 surface soil samples, including 43 greenhouse soils, 12 upland soils, and 6 paddy soils, were collected from a flat lowland area mainly used for agricultural production fields in the southeastern basin of Dianchi Lake. Analyses of the soil samples indicated that the greenhouse soils were characterized by a lower organic matter content, lower pH, and higher soluble nutrients than the paddy soils in the area. The lower organic matter content of the greenhouse soils was ascribed to environmental or management factors rather than the clay content of the soil. Accumulation of soluble nutrients, especially inorganic N, was due to over-application of fertilizers, which also caused soil acidification. The average amount of readily available N, P, and K accumulated in the greenhouse soils was estimated to be equal to or higher than the annual input of these nutrients as a fertilizer, indicating that a reduction in fertilizer application was possible and recommended. In contrast, a very low available si content was observed in the paddy soils, suggesting the need for si application for rice production.

关键词：土壤理化性质温室土壤水田土壤土地利用变化盆地滇池土壤有机质含量云南省

Tonalites and plagiogranites of the Char suture-shear zone in East Kazakhstan:Implications for the Kazakhstan-siberia collision

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第1期7卷 141-150页

作者： M.L.Kuibida I.Yu.safonova P.V.Yermolov A.G.Vladimirov N.N.Kruk s.yamamoto lnstitute of Geology and Mineralogy sB RAs Koptyuga ave.3Novosibirsk630090Russia Novosibirsk state University Pirogova St.2Novosibirsk630090Russia IPCON Joint Venture Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstanlppodromnaya 5100019KaragandaKazakhstan Tomsk state University Lenina St.36Tomsk634050Russia University of Tokyo MeguroTokyo153-8902Japan

The paper presents first Ue Pb zircon ages and geochemical data from Carboniferous granitoids（tonalites and plagiogranites） of the Char sutureeshear zone in East Kazakhstan, which is located in the northwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt（CAOB）. The study included analysis of geological setting, major and trace elements, and rock petrogenesis. The Char tonalites and plagiogranites occur as NW-striking linear chains inside Visean serpentinite mélange. Petrographycally, the tonalites show signs of syntectonic deformation, and the plagiogranites are less deformed suggesting their later intrusion. The tonalites yielded a LA-ICP-Ms zircon age of ca. 323 Ma, i.e. exactly at the boundary between the early and late Carboniferous. Compositionally, the tonalites and plagiogranites are characterized, respectively, by high siO2（67-70 and 73-74 wt.%） and Al2O3（17-19 and 14-15 wt.%）, sr/Y 〉 40 and low Yb=0.2-0.5 *** multi-element patterns show clear Nb-Ta negative anomalies. The low Nb/Ta ratios（7-15） and Zr（114-191 ppm） suggest a MORB-type protolith（amphibolite） with subchondritic Nb/Ta（8-17） and low Zr（1-72 ppm）. The low contents of K and Rb suggest weak assimilation of the melts by island arc felsic crust. The subchondritic Nb/Ta ratios exclude their derivation by the melting of subducted/dehydrated MORB. We argue that the Char high-Al tonalites and plagiogranites formed by the melting of hydrated MORB at the base of the mafic lower crust at pressures of 10-15 kbar. The occurrences of the Char tonalites and plagiogranites inside the Visean serpentinite mélange overlapped by serpukhovian conglomerates, their alignment parallel to deformation zones, and their geochemical features suggest their origin by the melting of mafic lower crust in relation to the collision of the siberian and Kazakhstan continents.

关键词： Earlyelate Carboniferous boundary NW Central Asian Orogenic Belt U-Pb ages Whole-rock geochemistry Petrogenesis Mafic crust melting

MHD Instabilities and Their Effects on Plasma Confinement in Large Helical Device Plasmas with Intense Neutral Beam Injection

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Plasma science and Technology 2004年第3期6卷 2269-2274页

作者： K.Toi s.Ohdachi s.yamamoto s.sakakibara K.Y.Watanabe N.Nakajima X.Ding J.Li s.Morita K.Narihara K.Tanaka T.Tokuzawa H.Yamada Q.Yang National Institute for Fusion science Toki 509-5292 Japan Dep. Energy Eng. sci. Nagoya Univ. Nagoya 464-8603 Japan southestern Institute of Physics Chengdu China Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Science China

MHD stability of the Large Helical Device (LHD) plasmas produced with intenseneutral beam injection is experimentally studied. When the steep pressure gradient near the edge isproduced through L-H transition or linear density ramp experiment, interchange-like MHD modes whoserational surface is located very close to the last closed flux surface are strongly excited in acertain discharge condition and affect the plasma transport appreciably. In NBI-heated plasmasproduced at low toroidal field, various Alfven eigenmodes are often excited. Bursting toroidalAlfven egenmodes excited by the presence of energetic ions induce appreciable amount of energeticion loss, but also trigger the formation of internal and edge transport barriers.

关键词： interchange instabilities L-H transition alfven eigenmodes

A new electric field mill array with each of the mill’s rotor controlled precisely by a GPs module:Equipment and initial results

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 423-435页

作者： Kozo Yamashita Hironobu Fujisaka DaoHong Wang Hiroyuki Iwasaki Kazuo yamamoto Koichiro Michimoto Masashi Hayakawa Department of Production systems Engineering and sciences Komatsu UniversityNu 1-3 Shicho-machiKomatsuIshikawa 923-8511Japan Fujisaka Technology Office 1058-5 Yoshizawa-choOhta-shiGunma 373-0019Japan Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringGifu University1-1 YanagidoGifu CityGifu 501-1193Japan Cooperative Faculty of Education Gunma University4-2-Aramaki-machiMaebashiGunma 371-8510Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chubu University1200 Matsumoto-choKasugaiAichi 487-8501Japan Independent Researcher Kosenba Town 2-44-11-406Kawagoe CitySaitama350-0036Japan Advanced Wireless&Communications Research Center The University of Electro-Communications1-5-1 ChofugaokaChofuTokyo 182-8585Japan

We have newly designed an electrostatic sensor,called an electric field mill(EFM),to simplify the estimation of the charge position and charge amount transferred by lightning *** is necessary for this remote estimation of the transferred charge to measure electric field changes caused by charge loss at the time of a lightning strike at multiple *** multiple-station measurement of electric field changes,not only speed but also phase for exposure and shielding of the sensing plates inside each EFM of the array should be synchronized to maintain the sensitivities of the deployed ***,there is no such EFM with specified speed and phase control performance of the rotary ***,we developed a new EFM in which the rotary mechanism was controlled consistently to within 3%error by a GPs *** EFMs had been distributed in the Hokuriku area of Japan during the winter season of 2022-2023 for a test *** we describe the design and a simple calibration method for our new EFM *** analysis method based on the assumption of a simple monopole charge structure is also *** validation,locations of assumed point charges were compared with three-dimensional lightning mapping data estimated by radio observations in the MF-HF *** results indicated the validity to estimate transferred charge amounts and positions of winter cloud-to-ground lightning discharges with our new EFM array.

关键词： lightning electrostatic field electric field mill electric field change

Microscopic study of Work Function of Ag/Pt（111） surface Alloy

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Microscopic Study of Work Function of Ag/Pt（111） Surface A...

Observation of Edge Plasma Fluctuations with a Fast Camera in Heliotron J

The 5th International Vacuum Electron sources Conference(IVEsC2004)

作者： K.Miya A.sinsarp M.sasaki s.yamamoto Institute of Applied Physics The University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennoudaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8573 JAPAN National Institute of Advanced Industrial science and Technology AIST 21-1-1 Umezono TsukubaIbaraki 305-8568JAPAN

＜正＞INTRODUCTION Work function is crucially important for the characteristics of electron emission from solid surfaces. For most of elemental metals, work function is well established experimentally and theoreticall... 详细信息

关键词： Microscopy Tunneling surface cleaning Annealing Platinum alloys Histograms Artificial intelligence Frequency modulation Amplitude modulation Cutoff frequency

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Plasma science and Technology 2013年第3期15卷 213-216页

作者：臧临阁 M.TAKEUCHI N.NIsHINO T.MIZUUCHI s.OHsHIMA K.KAsAJIMA M.sHA K.MUKAI H.Y.LEE K.NAGAsAKI H.OKADA T.MINAMI s.KOBAYAsHI s.yamamoto K.HANATANI Y.NAKAMURA s.KONOsHIMA F.sANO Graduate school of Energy science Kyoto University Naka Fusion Institute Japanese Atomic Energy Agency Graduate school of Engineering Hiroshima University Institute of Advanced Energy Kyoto University

A fast video camera is verified to be a powerful t0ol for observation of filaments/blobs near the last closed flux surface （LCFs）. In order to extract the fluctuation component from the raw data of the fast camera, a pre-processing technique, sliding time window averaging subtraction （sTWAs） has been developed to remove the background of slowly varying emission from the bulk plasma. By using this pre-processing technique, the fast camera data are analyzed. A method to identify the filaments in the pre-processed image is also discussed.

关键词： edge plasma fluctuation fast camera Heliotron J

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一种气动静重活塞压力计的校准

国外计量 1983年第3期 48-50页

作者： s.yamamoto 徐罗庚

1.引言到目前为止,小于几百 kPa 的低气压的精密测量大多数是用水银柱压力计来完成的,而在这个范围以上的中等压力均用常规的静重活塞压力计来进行测量,这种压力计是用润滑油作为压力传递介质。为了扩大这两种压力计的工作范围,并且把... 详细信息

1.引言到目前为止,小于几百 kPa 的低气压的精密测量大多数是用水银柱压力计来完成的,而在这个范围以上的中等压力均用常规的静重活塞压力计来进行测量,这种压力计是用润滑油作为压力传递介质。为了扩大这两种压力计的工作范围,并且把根据不同原理建立起来的各种压力标连接起来以检验准确度的一致性,人

关键词：活塞式压力计有效面积活塞压力计气压计

Higher levels of the lipophilic antioxidants coenzyme Q_(10) and vitamin E in long-lived termite queens than in short-lived workers

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Insect science 2024年第1期31卷 201-210页

作者： Eisuke Tasaki Yorihiro yamamoto Yoshihito Iuchi Department of Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for InnovationYamaguchi UniversityYamaguchiJapan school of Bioscience and Biotechnology Tokyo University of TechnologyHachiojiTokyoJapan

Termite queens and kings live longer than nonreproductive *** molecular mechanisms contributing to their long lifespan have been investigated;however,the underlying biochemical explanation remains *** Q(CoQ),a component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain,plays an essential role in the lipophilic antioxidant defense *** beneficial effects on health and longevity have been well studied in several ***,we demonstrated that long-lived termite queens have significantly higher levels of the lipophilic antioxidant CoQ_(10) than *** chromatography analysis revealed that the levels of the reduced form of CoQ_(10) were 4 fold higher in the queen's body than in the worker's *** addition,queens showed 7 fold higher levels of vitamin E,which plays a role in antilipid peroxidation along with CoQ,than ***,the oral administration of CoQ_(10) to termites increased the CoQ_(10) redox state in the body and their survival rate under oxidative *** findings suggest that CoQ_(10) acts as an efficient lipophilic antioxidant along with vitamin E in long-lived termite *** study provides essential biochemical and evolutionary insights into the relationship between CoQ_(10) concentrations and termite lifespan extension.

关键词： antioxidant defense system coenzyme Q termite queens vitamin E