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semantic segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s.v.v shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(Cad) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

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A comprehens.v. investigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.KIRAN D.sINGH R.vAIsH v.s.CHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehens.v. investigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the C0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recurs.v.(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is.v.lidated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies investigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

关键词： bio-inspired composite plate finite element method (FEM) Green-Lagrange helicoidal inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory (IHsDT) nonlinear O322

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Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： s.v. s.v.P.sakamuri Anil sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

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Photoluminescence upgradation of La_(2)MgTiO_(6):2%Dy^(3+) perovskite with monovalent(Li^(+)),divalent(Ba^(2+),sr^(2+)) and trivalent(Bi^(3+),sm^(3+))cation sensitization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 47-56,I0002页

作者： v.P.veena K.Arun C.K.shilpa s.v.Jasira K.M.Nissamudeen school of Pure and Applied Physics Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatKannurKrala67 India Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatkannurKerala670327India

Nano phosphors of 2%Dy^(3+)(wt%)doped La_(2)MgTiO_(6) and monovalent/divalent/trivalent co-doped La_(1.98)Dy_(0.02)MgTiO_(6):x%A^(y+)(A^(y+):Li+,Ba^(2+),sr^(2+),Bi^(3+),and sm^(3+);0≤x≤2 wt%)were synthesized by combustion *** the XRD data,it is deduced that an increase in the valency of co-dopant increases the crystallinity of the double perovskite orthorhombic nanocrystal *** an increase in co-dopant size,an elevation in optical bandgap is.v.sible with the highest bandgap of 3.835 ev for Bi^(3+).The photo-absorption is monotonically broadened for sr^(2+),sm^(3+),and Li+around 200-450 ***351 nm,Dy^(3+)triggered lattice shows major characteristic emission peaks at 480 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)),574 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2)),and 670 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(11/2)).leading to near white light emission with CIE coordinates(0.341,0.376).Upon co-doping,the PL intensity is significantly increased with maximum emission for trivalent sm^(3+),followed by divalent sr^(2+)and monovalent Li+*** increasing excitation wavelength,sr^(2+)shows a dominated output and it is found that divalent sr^(2+)is a potential codopant that could enhance luminescence intensity up to 6 times with a sr^(2+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer efficiency of 86%.It is specified that the CIE coordinates of Li+co-doped samples show ideal white emission with color coordinates(0.333,0.336).The concluding outcomes signify the noblest rare earth sm^(3+)co-doping and thus sm^(3+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer mechanism is discussed in detail.

关键词： Photoluminescence Perovskite WLED Co-doping Rareearths

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Modeling net-charge fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC

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Chinese Physics C 2025年第1期49卷 281-289页

作者： G.O.Ambaryan A.s.Chernyshov G.Kh.Eyyubova v.L.Korotkikh I.P.Lokhtin s.v.Petrushanko A.M.snigirev E.E.Zabrodin Physics Department Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRU-119991 MoscowRussia skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRU-119991 MoscowRussia Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear ResearchRU-141980 DubnaRussia Department of Physics University of OsloN-0316 OsloNorway

Analysis of Pb+Pb data for net-charge fluctuations at LHC energies using the HYDJET++model is *** strongly intens.v. quantities D and Σ were used to remove the effects related to system volume *** employed two versions of HYDJET++for the *** first one is the standard or default version,whereas the second one is a modification that takes into account explicit event-by-event conservation of the electric net-charge of produced *** inclusion of the canonical net-charge conservation in the model allows for better description of the experimental data obtained by the ALICE and CMs Collaborations.A comparison with calculations from other models is also presented.

关键词： relativistic heavy-ion collisions net-charge fluctuations strongly intens.v. variables canonical charge conservation

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Clinical profile and outcomes of ocular surface squamous neoplasia at the Philippine General Hospital:a retrospective study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 132-138页

作者： Mary Ellaine s.Diaz Ruben Lim Bon siong Justin Alan Yao Gary John v.Mercado Department of Ophthalmology and visual sciences University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Eye Institute St.Luke’s Medical CenterQuezon CityManila 1112Philippines Eye and vision Institute The Medical CityPasig 1800Philippines

AIM:To evaluate the demographics,clinical characteristics,treatments,and outcomes of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OssN)at the Philippine General ***:This was a single-center,11-year retrospective,cross sectional case series on 18 cases of OssN seen between January 2012 to June *** patient’s demographics,presenting symptoms,tumor characteristics,histopathologic diagnosis,treatment,outcomes,and duration of follow-up were ***:Out of 33 identified cases of OssN,only 18 were eligible for inclusion in the *** age was 60.78y(range 31 to 80),with male predominance(66.67%).The left eye was most commonly affected(61.11%)with most presenting with fleshy mass(83.33%).Most tumors were located nasally(66.67%)and were predominantly papilliform(44.44%)in morphology with associated hyperpigmentation(38.89%).squamous cell carcinoma(sCCA)was the most common histopathologic diagnosis(72.22%).The main primary treatment was surgical excision(94.44%)with or without adjunctive therapy,with only 1 patient undergoing first-line topical *** 3 recurrences(16.67%)were noted with a median followup of 7.5mo.A statistically significant recurrence-free odds leaning towards the utilization of cryotherapy was ***:OssN seen at the Philippine General Hospital is presented as a limbal papilliform mass,most commonly affecting elderly *** excision with adjuvant cryotherapy and/or chemotherapy is the preferred mode of treatment.

关键词： ocular surface squamous neoplasia conjunctival malignancy squamous cell carcinoma conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia

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Influence of quasi-electrostatic support on amplification of space charge waves in amplification section of a superheterodyne free electron laser

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 308-313页

作者： A.v.Lysenko s.s.Ilin sumy state University 116Kharkivska st.40007 SumyUkraine

A theoretical study of the influence of a quasi-electrostatic support on the amplification level of the slow space charge wave(sCW) in the amplification section of a superheterodyne free electron laser(FEL) was carried out. One of the ways to significantly increase the saturation level of the slow sCW is maintaining the conditions of a three-wave parametric resonance between the slow, fast sCWs and the resulting pump electric field. This can be done by introducing the quasielectrostatic support in the superheterodyne FEL amplification section. Also, it was found that the generated pump electric field significantly influences the maintenance of parametric resonance conditions. As a result, this increases the saturation level of the slow sCW by 70%. Finally, the quasi-electrostatic support significantly reduces the maximum value of the electrostatic undulator pump field strength, which is necessary to achieve the maximum saturation level of the slow sCW.

关键词： superheterodyne free-electron lasers space charge waves electrostatic undulator quasielectrostatic support

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Creation of an oxygen-enriched environment during synthesis as an effective way to improve luminescent properties of Y_(2)O_(3):Eu^(3+)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 21-29,I0001页

作者： Aleksandr A.Nashivochnikov Anton I.Kostyukov Mariana I.Rakhmanova Lidiya s.Kibis svetlana v.Cherepanova Evgenii A.suprun Novosibirsk state University Pirogova Str.2630090NovosibirskRussia Boreskov Institute of Catalysis sB RAs 5 Lavrentiev Ave630090NovosibirskRussia Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry sB RAs 3 Lavrentiev Ave630090NovosibirskRussia

The growing demand for luminescent nanomaterials intended for various applications increases the necessity to develop and improve approaches to the creation of highly efficient nanosized *** current study,an approach to enhancing the efficiency of red luminescence of monoclinic Y_(2)O_(3):Eu^(3+)with the particle size of~20 nm by creating the oxygen-enriched environment during the gas-phase synthesis was *** investigate the effect of oxygen amount during the synthesis on characteristics of the phosphor,a series of nano structured Y_(2)O_(3):Eu^(3+)with the addition of 0-40 vol%O_(2) to the main buffer gas Ar was synthesized by laser *** is shown that the amount of added O_(2) exerts.v.rtually no effect on the phase composition and particle size,but significantly improves the luminescent characteristics of Y_(2)O_(3):Eu^(3+).Thus,the addition of 30 vol%O_(2) leads to virtually a 20-fold growth in the photoluminescence(PL)intensity caused by ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(0-4) transitions in Eu^(3+)and an increase in the absolute PL quantum yield from 3%to 53%(λex=395 nm)compared to the sample synthesized without O_(2).The addition of oxygen also improves the emission color coordinates from(0.571,0.320)to(0.630,0.322)due to the removal of a considerable fraction of oxygen *** synthesized nanopowders are shown to be highly stable:upon storage under ambient conditions for two *** yield(QY)of the samples decreases by less than 2%.It is expected that the key features underlying the proposed approach will be useful for various methods used to synthesize oxide nanophosphors.

关键词： Photoluminescence Quantum yield Laservaporization Y_(2)0_(3):Eu^(3+) Monoclinic Y_(2)0_(3) Rareearths

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Modelling Magnetoresistance Effect in Limited Anisotropic semiconductors

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第7期34卷 212-214页

作者： Filippov v.v. Mitsuk s.v. Lipetsk state Pedagogical University of P. P. semenov-Tyan-shansky Lipetsk 398020 the Russian Federation Lipetsk state Technical University Lipetsk 398600 the Russian Federation

A macroscopic model of the magnetoresistance effect in fimited anisotropic semiconductors is built. This model allows us to solve the problem of measurement of physical magnetoresistance components of crystals and films. Based on a unified mathematical model the method is worked out enabling us to measure tensor components of the specific electrical resistance and the relative magnetoresistance of anisotropic semiconductors simultaneously.

关键词： Modelling Magnetoresistance Effect in Limited Anisotropic semiconductors

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs.v.ctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extens.v.ly studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process.v.rsus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in s.v.ral nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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