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大型成形模具制造工艺的发展

模具工业 1980年第S1期 90-100页

作者： H.L.Hilbert ,s.ulrich ,王文栋

一力求采用其他加工方法的原因各种产品皆力求其质量好,为此总还要对现有的加工方法进行研究改进。如果再考虑到竞争情况,则改进加工方法更是必不可少的。工资的不断提高和技术、经济、社会条件的变化都促使人们想办法寻找新的更好的... 详细信息

一力求采用其他加工方法的原因各种产品皆力求其质量好,为此总还要对现有的加工方法进行研究改进。如果再考虑到竞争情况,则改进加工方法更是必不可少的。工资的不断提高和技术、经济、社会条件的变化都促使人们想办法寻找新的更好的加工工艺以解决此问题,而且还要保持其经济性。模具是工艺装备的最后一环,其费用均摊到每件产品上,因而对于产品的成本是有影响的。一副成形模具的费用很大一部分是为了加工模具中的成形零件,即凸模和

关键词：靠模加工拉延精加工粗加工穿孔带金属加工铣削金属切削模具凸模阳模

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循证设计理论为科学决策提供支持

中国医院建筑与装备 2012年第10期13卷 46-46页

作者： Roger s.ulrich 瑞典Chalmers技术大学

中国正进入一个大量投资和改善医疗硬件设施的时期,在未来的几年里成千上万新的医院将建成并投入使用。这个巨大浪潮提供了一个十分重要的机会,让我们重新思考医院设计以及如何利用循证设计理论创造更好的建筑。循证设计理论在过去25年间,

关键词：医院设计科学决策循证硬件设施

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非冠状动脉内动脉支撑架应用概况

德国医学 1997年第2期14卷 77-80页

作者： T.Gunnar H.D.stephan R.Gtz s.ulrich E.H.Peter C.D.Claussen 梁惠民 Abteilung fr Radiologische Diagnostik Eberhand-Karls Universitt TbingenHoppe-Seyler-Str.3D-72076 TbingenGermany 同济医科大学附属协和医院

经皮腔血管成形术出现后的第5年,即1969年,Dotter报道了金属螺旋状内植物经腔内运用的新技术,即用血管内支撑架改善动脉粥样病变的治疗。因技术原因,当时植入物的最大直径只有3.5mm,限制了其临床应用。最早的血管内植物的实验结果在198... 详细信息

经皮腔血管成形术出现后的第5年,即1969年,Dotter报道了金属螺旋状内植物经腔内运用的新技术,即用血管内支撑架改善动脉粥样病变的治疗。因技术原因,当时植入物的最大直径只有3.5mm,限制了其临床应用。最早的血管内植物的实验结果在1982年和1983年由多个中心报道。

关键词：非冠状动脉动脉支撑架临床应用动脉粥样病变

Empowerment in chronic wound care——exploring the scope for patient contribution

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Frontiers of Nursing 2024年第1期11卷 1-16页

作者： Benedikt Hackert Ewa Klara stürmer ulrich Weger Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy University of Witten/HerdeckeAlfred-Herrhausen-Straße 5058448 WittenGermany Department for Vascular Medicine University Heart and Vascular Center HamburgUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistreet 5220246 HamburgGermany

Objective:In this study,we investigated the concept of empowerment in chronic wound care and propose to facilitate patient control by making use of degrees of freedom(DOF):that is,shaping of everyday wound care tasks initiated by patients and based on their wishes,mostly in terms of patients executing treatment steps,requesting or directing health care professionals to under take changes,or modifications of internal ***:As a first step,we conducted a systematic literature search,followed by an inductive form of qualitative content analysis,which resulted in the identification of 5 dimensions as main elements of empowerment:education and shared decision making,adherence to self-care behaviors,responsibility and control,general call for empowerment,and ***,the latter are noticeably absent in the *** investigate patients'freedom in shaping the wound care process,we conducted a second literature ***:A number of possibilities for patients to influence the wound care process could be identified,but experimental or clinical evidence about their effects is missing,their variety is limited,and they are only inadequately ***:However,DOF should be an indispensable aspect of genuine empowerment,since they allow patients to occupy the role of the agent in the treatment process and give rise to the subjective experience of feeling ***,in the third part,we develop a research proposal on how to investigate and include DOF in the clinical practice of wound ***,limitations about implementations are discussed(e.g.,patients being reluctant to overcome their passive role,resulting in frustration for health care professionals).

关键词： adherence chronic wounds control degrees of freedom empowerment shared decision making

Enzymatic C1 reduction using hydrogen in cofactor regeneration

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 33-40页

作者： Ruishuang sun Chenqi Cao Qingyun Wang Hui Cao ulrich schwaneberg Yu Ji Luo Liu Haijun Xu Beijing Bioprocess Key Laboratory Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Biotechnology Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschale(RWTH)AachenAachen 52074Germany

Carbon dioxide fixation presents a potential solution for mitigating the greenhouse gas *** carbon dioxide fixation,C1 compound reduction requires a high energy *** calculations suggest that the energy source for cofactor regeneration plays a vital role in the effective enzymatic C1 *** utilizes renewable hydrogen to achieve the regeneration and supply cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH),providing a driving force for the reduction reaction to reduce the thermodynamic barrier of the reaction cascade,and making the forward reduction pathway thermodynamically *** on the regeneration of cofactor NADH by hydrogenase,and coupled with formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formolase,a favorable thermodynamic mode of the C1 reduction pathway for reducing formate to dihydroxyacetone(DHA)was designed and *** resulted in accumulation of 373.19μmol·L^(-1) DHA after 2 h,and conversion reaching 7.47%.These results indicate that enzymatic utilization of hydrogen as the electron donor to regenerate NADH is of great significance to the sustainable and green development of bio-manufacturing because of its high economic efficiency,no by-products,and environment-friendly ***,formolase efficiently and selectively fixed the intermediate formaldehyde(FALD)to DHA,thermodynamically pulled formate to efficiently reduce to DHA,and finally stored the low-grade renewable energy into chemical energy with high energy density.

关键词： [NiFe]-hydrogenase sH formolase NADH regeneration C1 compound reduction thermodynamic calculation

A simulation study on spatial and time resolution for a cost-effective positron emission particle tracking system

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 312-322页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch Matthias steinke Miriam Fritsch Fritz-Herbert Heinsius Thomas Held Nikoline Hilse Viktor scherer ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

This work is the second part of a simulation study investigating the processing of densely packed and moving granular assemblies by positron emission particle tracking (PEPT).since medical positron emission tomography (PET) scanners commonly used for PEPT are very expensive,a PET-like detector system based on cost-effective organic plastic scintillator bars is being developed and tested for its *** this context,the spatial resolution of a resting positron source,a source moving on a freely designed model path,and a particle motion given by a discrete element method (DEM) simulation is studied using Monte Carlo simulations and the software toolkit *** not only extended the simulation and reconstruction to a moving source but also significantly improved the spatial resolution compared to previous work by adding oversampling and iteration to the reconstruction ***,in the case of a source following a trajectory developed from DEM simulations,a very good resolution of about 1 mm in all three directions and an average 3D deviation between simulated and reconstructed events of 2.3 mm could be ***,the resolution for realistic particle motion within the generic grate system (which is the test rig for further experimental studies) is well below the smallest particle *** simulation of the dependence of the reconstruction accuracy on tracer particle location revealed a nearly constant efficiency within the entire detector system,which demonstrates that boundary effects can be neglected.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking Monte Carlo method Time-of-flight Plastic scintillators silicon photomultipliers(siPMs)

A simulation study for a cost-effective PET-like detector system intended to track particles in granular assemblies

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 117-125页

作者： Josephine Oppotsch Antonios Athanassiadis Miriam Fritsch Fritz-Herbert Heinsius Thomas Held Nikoline Hilse Viktor scherer Matthias steinke ulrich Wiedner Ruhr-Universität Bochum Institut für Experimentalphysik I44801 BochumGermany Ruhr-Universität Bochum Lehrstuhl für Energieanlagen und Energieprozesstechnik44801 BochumGermany

since many industrial applications rely on the processing of densely packed and moving granular ma-terial,obtaining bulk internal information on the particle movement inside the reactors is of great *** information can be delivered by Positron Emission Particle Tracking(PEPT).By marking pellets with a positron-emitting radioisotope,the position of these tracer particles can be determined via the time-of-flight differences of the emitted gamma-ray *** current paper proposes a PET-like detector system based on cost-effective organic plastic scintillators instead of the more common but expensive inorganic *** system is currently under construction and was tested for its resolution and efficiency in this simulation *** Monte Carlo simulations and the software toolkit Geant4,three different geometries(an empty glass box,a generic grate system,and a cubic box of 1 m3 completely filled with pellets)were investigated,leading to a spatial resolution in the millimeter range and an efficiency,defined as the ratio of reconstructed decay locations to simulated decays,of 2.7%,1.4%,and 0.3%.

关键词： Positron emission particle tracking Geant4 Monte Carlo method Time-of-flight Plastic scintillators silicon photomultipliers(siPMs)

Dynamic convergent shock compression initiated by return current in high-intensity laser-solid interactions

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 40-53页

作者： Long Yang Martin Rehwald Thomas Kluge Alejandro LasoGarcia Toma Toncian Karl Zeil ulrich schramm Thomas E.Cowan Lingen Huang Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf 01328 DresdenGermany Technische Universitat Dresden 01062 DresdenGermany

We investigate the dynamics of convergent shock compression in solid cylindrical targets irradiated by an ultrafast relativistic laser *** particle-in-cell simulations and coupled hydrodynamic simulations reveal that the compression process is initiated by both magnetic pressure and surface ablation associated with a strong transient surface return current with density of the order of 10^(17) A/m^(2) and lifetime of 100 *** results show that the dominant compression mechanism is governed by the plasma β,i.e.,the ratio of thermal pressure to magnetic *** targets with small radius and low atomic number Z,the magnetic pressure is the dominant shock compression *** to a scaling law,as the target radius and Z increase,the surface ablation pressure becomes the main mechanism generating convergent ***,an indirect experimental indication of shocked hydrogen compression is provided by optical shadowgraphy measurements of the evolution of the plasma expansion *** results presented here provide a novel basis for the generation of extremely high pressures exceeding Gbar(100 TPa)to enable the investigation of high-pressure physics using femtosecond J-level laser pulses,offering an alternative to nanosecond kJ-laser pulse-driven and pulsed power Z-pinch compression methods.

关键词： shock convergent return

small mammal community composition impacts bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) population dynamics and associated seroprevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 52-65页

作者： Felicitas Maria BUJNOCH Daniela REIL stephan DREWEs Ulrike MROsENFELD Rainer G.ulrich Jens JACOB Christian IMHOLT Julius Kühn-Institute Federal Research Centre for Cultivated PlantsInstitute for Epidemiology and Pathogen DiagnosticsRodent ResearchMünsterGermany University of Münster Institute for Evolution and BiodiversityMünsterGermany Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Federal Research Institute for Animal HealthInstitute of Novel and Emerging Infectious DiseasesGreifswald-Insel RiemsGermany

Rodents are important reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens that cause diseases in *** is hypoth-esized to be closely related to pathogen prevalence through multiple direct and indirect *** example,the presence of non-host species can reduce contact rates of the main reservoir host and thus reduce the risk of transmission(“dilution effect”).In addition,an overlap in ecological niches between two species could lead to increased interspecific competition,potentially limiting host densities and reducing density-dependent pathogen transmission *** this study,we investigated the relative impact of population-level regulation of direct and indirect drivers of the prevalence of Puumala orthohantavirus(PUUV)in bank voles(Clethrionomys glareolus)during years with high *** compiled data on small mammal community composition from four regions in Germany between 2010 and *** equation modeling revealed a strong seasonality in PUUV control mechanisms in bank *** abundance of shrews tended to have a negative relationship with host abundance,and host abundance positively influenced PUUV seroprevalence,while at the same time increasing the abundance of competing non-hosts like the wood mouse(Apodemus sylvaticus)and the yellow-neckedfield mouse(Apodemusflavicollis)were associated with reduced PUUV seroprevalence in the *** results indicate that for PUUV in bank voles,dilution is associated with increased interspecific *** pressures leading to the decline of Apodemus *** a specific habitat could lead to the amplification of mechanisms promoting PUUV transmission within the host populations.

关键词： bank vole biodiversity Puumala orthohantavirus small mammals