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Biomass production from microalgae Chlorella grown in sewage,kitchen wastewater using industrial CO_(2)emissions:Comparative study

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2019年第2期2卷 126-133页

作者： P.Kiran Kumar s.Vijaya Krishna S.Swami Naidu Kavita Verma D.Bhagawan V.Himabindu Centre for Alternative Energy Options Institute of Science and TechnologyJawaharlal Nehru Technological University HyderabadKukatpallyHyderabad 500085TelanganaIndia Centre for Biotechnology Institute of Science and TechnologyJawaharlal Nehru Technological University HyderabadKukatpallyHyderabad 500085TelanganaIndia

Microalgae cultivation using organic wastewater like kitchen wastewater(KWW)and sewage wastewater(sWW)are recommended for wastewater treatment along with simultaneous biomass production which is a cost effective strategy.KWW is rich in nutrients which might be an efficient wastewater feedstock for microalgae cultivation to achieve reasonably high biomass yield for energy generation.KWW has not been investigated extensively for microalgae cultivation till now because of high concentration of ammonia as it could inhibit algae growth.In order to make KWW suitable for microalgae growth,a common method is to dilute with water.Hence,in the present study,KWW was diluted with water at dilution ration 1:1 and compared with sWW for microalgae biomass growth,biomass yields and nutrient removal efficiency specifically using Chlorella.Both KWW and sWW showed highest biomass productivity in mixotrophic cultivation mode.The average biomass productivity in sWW was 0.6 g/L which was higher when compared to KWW.Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)of algal biomass revealed the presence of certain organic compound groups such as eOH,eCOOH,NH_(2),and ■O.It was concluded from the results that Chlorella was very effective in the treatment of KWW,sWW and industrial flue gas on the other hand the biomass obtained is a sustainable green energy source for biofuels.

关键词： Kitchen wastewater(KWW) sewage wastewater(sWW) Flue gas Microalgae Chlorella

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Detection of latent fingerprints using luminescent Gd_(0.95)Eu_(0.05)PO_(4) nanorods

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第4期40卷 572-578,I0003页

作者： Pushpendra Indranil suryawanshi Rimple Kalia Ravi K.Kunchala shyam Lal Mudavath Boddu s.naidu Energy and Environment Unit Institute of Nano Science and Technology(INST)MohaliPunjab-140306India Chemical Biology Unit Institute of Nano Science and Technology(INST)MohaliPunjab-140306India

Lanthanide ions doped luminescent materials are widely studied for latent fingerprint detection.However,most of these materials are synthesized at very high temperatures and use UV C light for visualization,which is harmful to eye,skin,etc.Herein,the Gd_(0.95)Eu_(0.05)PO_(4) nanorods synthesized by a simple co-precipitation method at 185℃ were reported for latent fingerprint visualization under 395 nm light.The Gd_(0.95)Eu_(0.05)PO_(4) nanomaterial has monoclinic crystal structure and shows rod-shaped morphology.Further,these Gd_(0.95)Eu_(0.05)PO_(4) nanorods exhibit excellent photoluminescence properties and strong fuchsia emission under UV light.These nanorods have been employed for developing latent fingerprints on various porous and non-porous substrates by the powder dusting technique,which exhibits clear and well defined details with high contrast,selectivity and sensitivity under 395 nm UV light.Latent fingerprints developed after 72 h of their deposition also show clear contrast with these nanorods.Therefore,the Gd_(0.95)Eu_(0.05)PO_(4) nanorods can be used for latent fingerprint visualization applications.

关键词： GdPO_(4) Nanorods Europium Photoluminescence Latent fingerprint visualization Rare earths

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Minimisation of electric field stress at triple junction of a functionally graded cone type spacer in a gas insulated busduct with metal inserts

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High Voltage 2017年第2期2卷 110-118页

作者： Yerra swamy naidu Gundavarapu Venkata Nagesh Kumar Department of EEE Vizag Institute of TechnologyVisakhapatnamIndia Department of EEE Vignan's Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnamIndia

Insulation integrity of supporting insulator plays a vital role for determining the continuity of service of the gas insulated substation which depends upon the electric field stress distribution on the surface of the spacer.Triple junction formed by the conductor,sF6 gas and support insulator is another critical area where the field stress is to be maintained at minimum value.shape control is a technique employed for obtaining uniform field stress along the surface of the spacer but this technique may sometimes leads to very uneven shapes.In this study,a functional graded material is designed for the standard cone type spacer to obtain uniform field stress along the surface of spacer to overcome the above problem.The grading of spacer is done with different permittivities.Electric field is computed for three cases namely grading to high,grading to low and U shape.The metal inserts were tuned and stress is obtained in account of lower fields at the triple point junction and an improved uniform field distribution along the surface is obtained.

关键词： stress graded field

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Mercury remediation potential of a mercury resistant strain sphingopyxis sp.sE2 isolated from contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2017年第1期29卷 128-137页

作者： Khandaker Rayhan Mahbub Kannan Krishnan Ravi naidu Mallavarapu Megharaj Global Centre for Environmental Remediation(GCER) Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment(CRC-CARE)Faculty of Science and Information TechnologyThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 9308Australia.

A mercury resistant bacterial strain sE2 was isolated from contaminated soil.The 16 s rRNA gene sequencing confirms the strain as sphingopyxis belongs to the sphingomonadaceae family of the α-Proteobacteria group.The isolate showed high resistance to mercury with estimated concentrations of Hg that caused 50%reduction in growth（EC_（50）） of 5.97 and 6.22 mg/L and minimum inhibitory concentrations（MICs） of 32.19 and 34.95 mg/L in minimal and rich media,respectively.The qualitative detection of volatilized mercury and the presence of mercuric reductase enzyme proved that the strain sE2 can potentially remediate mercury.ICP-QQQ-Ms analysis of the remaining mercury in experimental broths indicated that a maximum of 44%mercury was volatilized within 6 hr by live sE2 culture.Furthermore a small quantity（23%） of mercury was accumulated in live cell pellets.While no volatilization was caused by dead cells,sorption of mercury was confirmed.The mercuric reductase gene merA was amplified and sequenced.Homology was observed among the amino acid sequences of mercuric reductase enzyme of different organisms from a-Proteobacteria and ascomycota groups,

关键词： Mercury resistance sphingopyxis Mercury volatilization Mercury remediation Mercury reductase

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A review of electrokinetically enhanced bioremediation technologies for PHs

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2020年第2期32卷 31-45页

作者： Anish saini Dawit Nega Bekele sreenivasulu Chadalavada Cheng Fang Ravi naidu Global Centre for Environmental Remediation University of NewcastleCallaghanNewcastle 2308NSWAustralia Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment(CRC CARE) University of NewcastleCallaghanNewcastle 2308NSWAustralia

since the early 1980’s there have been several different strategies designed and applied to the remediation of subsurface environment including physical, chemical and biological approaches.They have had varying degrees of success in remediating contaminants from subsurface soils and groundwater.The objective of this review is to examine the range of technologies for the remediation of contaminants, particularly petroleum hydrocarbons, in subsurfaces with a specific focus on bioremediation and electrokinetic remediation.Further, this review examines the efficiency of remediation carried out by combining bioremediation and electrokinetic remediation.surfactants, which are slowly becoming the selected chemicals for mobilizing contaminants, are also considered in this review.The current knowledge gaps of these technologies and techniques identified which could lead to development of more efficient ways of utilizing these technologies or development of a completely new technology.

关键词： subsurface contamination Remediation Petroleum hydrocarbons (PH) Electrokinetics Bioremediation

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Adaptive Observer for Dynamic Voltage Restorer with Optimized Proportional Integral Gains

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第1期8卷 38-52页

作者： sabha Raj Arya Rakesh Maurya Talada Appala naidu Baladhandautham Chitti Babu Department of Electrical Engineering Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of TechnologySurat 395007India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering IIITDMChennai 600127India

An algorithm based on a sliding-mode adaptive observer is proposed for the effective control of dynamic voltage restorers(DVRs).Three single-phase voltage source converter-based topologies are implemented for the DVR.In this control,frequency adaption is considered for estimating the phase angle,system frequency,and fundamental component of the disturbed input voltage signals.The estimated fundamental component of the supply voltage is used to generate the DVR reference load voltage.The phase jump in the supply voltage is also considered for DVR compensation studies along with voltage sag,swell,and voltage distortions.For this purpose,the gains of the proportional integral(PI)controllers used in this control algorithm are estimated using a nature-inspired optimization approach for the desired response.A moth flame optimization algorithm is implemented for PI controller gain tuning owing to the advantage of finding the best solution by each moth’s search and updating it.Through Matlab simulation and hardware testing,the performance of the DVR with an adaptive observer is found to be satisfactory for supply voltage sag,swell,phase jump,and voltage distortions.

关键词： Adaptive observer phase jump power quality frequency estimation DVR triangular wave

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Bioavailability of Arsenic and Antimony in Terrestrial Ecosystems:A Review

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 681-720页

作者： saeed BAGHERIFAM Trevor CBROWN Christopher MFELLOWs Ravi naidu Chemistry-school of science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidale NSW 2351(Australia Global Centre for Environmental Remediation Faculty of Science and Inform ation TechnologyUniversity o f NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghan N S W 2308(Australia

Arsenic (As) and antimony (sb) are metalloids that belong to group 15 of the periodic table and exhibit toxic properties in the environment. They mostly occur naturally at low concentrations in soil, although these can be significantly elevated in both aquatic and terrestrial food chains as a result of dispersion from anthropogenic sources, e.g ., mining activities. The bioavailability, i.e., the proportion of the contaminant in soil and dust that is available for uptake by plants and other living organisms, presents the greatest risk to terrestrial ecosystems. Various in vivo and in vitro methods have been used to measure As and sb bioaccessibility in soil and dust. In vivo measurement of bioavailability can be time consuming, expensive, and unethical;thus, in vitro methods are commonly preferred. However, there is considerable uncertainty around the efficacy of in vitro tools used to measure the bioavailable fractions of As and sb. The results of these methods are dependent on many variables, e.g., soil characteristics, contaminant sources, and chemical composition of in vitro methods. Therefore, substantial variations are observed between in vitro and in vivo results obtained from different test animals and endpoints. In this paper, we review the literature on As and sb bioavailability in terrestrial ecosystems and current in vivo and in vitro techniques used for assessing bioavailability and bioaccessibility of metalloids. This would reveal research gaps and allow scientists and environmental policy makers to gain a deeper understanding of the potential risks associated with these metalloids in the environment.

关键词： Bioaccessibility Bioavailable fraction Contamination Environmental risk assessment Metalloids Phytoavailability Relative bioavailability soil characteristics Toxicant

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In situ stabilization of arsenic in soil with organoclay,organozeolite,birnessite,goethite and lanthanum-doped magnetic biochar

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 764-776页

作者： saeed BAGHERIFAM Trevor C.BROWN Christopher M.FELLOWs Ravi naidu sridhar KOMARNENI Chemistry-school of science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidale NSW 2351(Australia) Global Centre for Environmental Remediation Faculty of Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghan NSW 2308(Australia) Department of Ecosystem science and Management and Materials Research Institute 204 Energy and the Environment LaboratoryPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park PA 16802(USA)

Arsenic(As)is a known carcinogen and naturally occurring semi-metal in soils and in the Earth's crust.Contamination of soils and water with As poses a serious threat to millions of people worldwide due to its health hazards and toxicological properties.Hence,devising novel and efficient methods for remediation of contaminated areas has attracted a great deal of interest across the globe.In this study,we investigated the usefulness of synthetic birnessite,goethite,hexadecylpyridinium chloride-modified montmorillonite(HDPC-M),hexadecylpyridinium bromide-modified zeolite(HDPB-Z),and lanthanum(La)-doped magnetic biochar produced from eucalyptus bark(La-Euchar)as adsorbents at 10%dosage for As stabilization in a soil spiked with 1000 mg kg^(-1)As.The effectiveness of the above adsorbents in As immobilization in soil was assessed using single-step extractions with 2 mol L^(-1)HNO_(3)and deionized water,the simplified bioaccessibility extraction test(sBET)method,and sequential extraction with the modified Community Bureau of Reference(BCR)method.Application of the adsorbents shifted the exchangeable fraction of As to more recalcitrant fractions and dramatically reduced the exchangeable fraction by 6%-99%and the extractable amounts with HNO_(3),deionized water,and sBET method by 30%-92%,17%-95%,and 12%-90%,respectively,compared to the unamended control.The immobilizing effects of adsorbents on As decreased in the sequence of birnessite>La-Euchar>goethite>HDPB-Z>HDPC-M.Birnessite exhibited great affinity for As and drastically reduced As extractability by more than 90%in all single extractions.The results revealed that HDPC-M,HDPB-Z,La-Euchar,birnessite,and goethite are promising immobilizing agents for in situ stabilization of As in terrestrial environments.

关键词： adsorbent bioaccessibility bioavailability environmental contamination immobilizing agent modified biochar modified clay remediation technique

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Early warning system for shallow landslides using rainfall threshold and slope stability analysis

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第6期9卷 1871-1882页

作者： shruti naidu K.s.sajinkumar Thomas Oommen V.J.Anuja Rinu A.samuel C.Muraleedharan Department of Earth sciences Pondicherry UniversityPondicherry 605 014India Department of Geology University of KeralaThiruvananthapuram 695 581KeralaIndia Department of Geological&Mining Engineering&sciences Michigan Technological University1400 Townsend DriveHoughtonMI 49931USA Department of Civil Engineering University of TexasArlingtonTX 76019USA Geological survey of India Thiruvananthapuram 695 013KeralaIndia

A combined cluster and regression analysis were performed for the first time to identify rainfall threshold that triggers landslide events in Amboori, Kerala, India. Amboori is a tropical area that is highly vulnerable to landslides. The 2, 3, and 5-day antecedent rainfall data versus daily rainfall was clustered to identify a cluster of critical events that could potentially trigger landslides. Further, the cluster of critical events was utilized for regression analysis to develop the threshold equations. The 5-day antecedent(xvariable) vs. daily rainfall(y-variable) provided the best fit to the data with a threshold equation of y = 80.7-0.1981 x. The intercept of the equation indicates that if the 5-day antecedent rainfall is zero, the minimum daily rainfall needed to trigger the landslide in the Amboori region would be 80.7 mm. The negative coefficient of the antecedent rainfall indicates that when the cumulative antecedent rainfall increases, the amount of daily rainfall required to trigger monsoon landslide decreases. The coefficient value indicates that the contribution of the 5-day antecedent rainfall is～20% to the landslide trigger threshold. The slope stability analysis carried out for the area, using Probabilistic Infinite slope Analysis Model(PIsA-m), was utilized to identify the areas vulnerable to landslide in the region. The locations in the area where past landslides have occurred demonstrate lower Factors of safety(Fs) in the slope stability analysis. Thus, rainfall threshold analysis together with the Fs values from slope stability can be suitable for developing a simple, cost-effective, and comprehensive early-warning system for shallow landslides in Amboori and similar regions.

关键词： Landslide Cluster analysis Rainfall threshold analysis Factor of safety slope stability analysis PIsA-m

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锁磷剂联合好氧反硝化菌修复富营养化水体

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环境科学 2021年第4期42卷 1861-1869页

作者：李炳堂周志勤 Ravi naidu 胡智泉郭大滨陈嘉鑫华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院武汉430074 Cooperative Research Center for Contamination Assessment and Remediation University of South Australia Mawson LakesAustralia

氮磷是造成水体富营养化的主要原因,单一治理方法常常难以同时有效去除氮磷.本文利用1株分离自富营养化水体的好氧反硝化菌株(AD-19)构建固定化菌膜,并与锁磷剂Phoslock~?联合修复富营养化水体,研究了Phoslock®的控磷效能和反硝化菌的... 详细信息

氮磷是造成水体富营养化的主要原因,单一治理方法常常难以同时有效去除氮磷.本文利用1株分离自富营养化水体的好氧反硝化菌株(AD-19)构建固定化菌膜,并与锁磷剂Phoslock~?联合修复富营养化水体,研究了Phoslock®的控磷效能和反硝化菌的脱氮性能及二者联合作用时对富营养化水体的修复效果.结果表明,在投加比例为80(Phoslock®与PO^(3-)_(4)-P的质量比)的条件下,Phoslock®对模拟富营养化水体中PO^(3-)_(4)-P去除率可达95%以上,并能有效抑制底泥中磷的释放.好氧反硝化菌AD-19具有较好的异养硝化-好氧反硝化功能,在以NH^(+)_(4)-N或NO^(-)_(3)-N为唯一氮源条件下生长良好并能去除97%以上的氮,经16s rDNA鉴定该菌株属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.).利用湖泊模拟装置论证了Phoslock®联合固定化菌膜修复富营养化水体的可行性,进一步地,利用该技术对武汉市某公园内富营养化池塘进行修复治理,经过16 d的处理,氮磷等水质指标从劣Ⅴ类地表水提升至Ⅲ类,并持续稳定270 d以上,证明Phoslock®联合固定化菌膜可快速和有效地修复富营养化水体,并保持水质长期稳定.

关键词：富营养化锁磷剂好氧反硝化菌生物膜水体修复

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