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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.smith Liwen zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared s.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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Targeting epigenetic mechanisms in amyloid-β-mediated Alzheimer’s pathophysiology:unveiling therapeutic potential

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 54-66页

作者： Jennie z.Li Nagendran Ramalingam shaomin Li Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Alzheimer’s disease is a prominent chronic neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in memory leading to *** evidence suggests that Alzheimer’s disease is associated with accumulating various amyloid-βoligomers in the brain,influenced by complex genetic and environmental *** memory and cognitive deficits observed during the prodromal and mild cognitive impairment phases of Alzheimer’s disease are believed to primarily result from synaptic *** life,environmental factors can lead to enduring changes in gene expression and the emergence of brain *** changes,known as epigenetic modifications,also play a crucial role in regulating the formation of synapses and their adaptability in response to neuronal *** this context,we highlight recent advances in understanding the roles played by key components of the epigenetic machinery,specifically DNA methylation,histone modification,and microRNAs,in the development of Alzheimer’s disease,synaptic function,and activity-dependent synaptic ***,we explore various strategies,including enriched environments,exposure to non-invasive brain stimulation,and the use of pharmacological agents,aimed at improving synaptic function and enhancing long-term potentiation,a process integral to epigenetic ***,we deliberate on the development of effective epigenetic agents and safe therapeutic approaches for managing Alzheimer’s *** suggest that addressing Alzheimer’s disease may require distinct tailored epigenetic drugs targeting different disease stages or pathways rather than relying on a single drug.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease DNA methylation enriched environments histone modification microRNAs non-invasive brain stimulation synaptic plasticity

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Environmental impact of radionuclide migration in groundwater from a low intermediate level radioactive waste repository

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2001年第2期13卷 180-184页

作者： J s Wang z F Yang s s Li z M Wang Institute of Environmental sciences Beijing Normal University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing 100875 China.

The radionuclide migration from a certain Chinese repository with low-intermediate level radioactive solid waste is studied. The migration in groundwater is analyzed and computed in detail. Under presumption of normal releasing, or the bottom of the repository has been marinated for one month with precipitation reaching 600 mm once and a 6 m aerated zone exists, a prediction for 7 radionuclides is conducted. It shows that the aerated zone is the primary barrier for migration. The migration for radionuclides 60Co, 137Cs, 90sr, 63Ni, etc. will be retarded in it within 500 years. The concentration of 239Pu will be decreased by amount of 6 order. Only 3H and 14C can migrate through the aerated zone. The radionuclides that go through the aerated zone and enter the aquifer will exist in spring, stream and sea. Based on this, the intake dose by residents in different age group resulting from drinking contaminated spring water, eating seafood is calculated. The results showed that the impact of the repository to the key resident group is lower than the limit in national repository regulation standard. This complies with the repository management target.

关键词： intermediate level radioactive waste repository Environmental impact of radionuclide migration in groundwater from a low

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Transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN T.AsGHAR z.ABBAs Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

This paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. The influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. To depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).The effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid oscillating curved stretchable sheet gyrotactic microorganism Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux chemical reaction analytical solution O368

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ON THE L_∞ CONVERGENCE AND THE EXTRAPOLATION METHOD OF A DIFFERENCE sCHEME FOR NONLOCAL PARABOLIC EQUATION WITH NATURAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONs

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2001年第5期19卷 449-458页

作者： Wan, z.-s. sun, z.-z. Institute of Applied Physics and CM P.O. Box 8009 Beijing 100088 China

In paper (J. Comput. Appl. Math., 76 (1996), 137-146), a difference scheme for a class of nonlocal parabolic equations with natural boundary conditions was derived by the method of reduction of order and the unique solvability and second order convergence in L2-norm are proved. In this paper, we prove that the scheme is second order convergent in L∞ norm and then obtain fourth order accuracy approximation in L∞ norm by extrapolation method. At last, one numerical example is presented.

关键词： Approximation theory Boundary conditions Convergence of numerical methods Extrapolation

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Dynamic responses of two buildings connected by viscoelastic dampers under bidirectional earthquake excitations

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2014年第1期13卷 137-150页

作者： z.D. Yang Eddie s.s. Lam Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

In this study,dynamic responses of two buildings connected by viscoelastic dampers under bidirectional excitations are extensively *** two buildings are a 10-story building and a 16-story building,with the shorter building on the *** dampers are installed at all fl oors of the shorter *** of motion are formulated using a fractional derivative model to represent the viscoelastic *** cases are considered with mass eccentricities at 0,10% and-10% with respect to the dimensions of the *** responses of the buildings are numerically predicted at different damper *** simulation results indicated that the maximum horizontal responses of the buildings without eccentricities are signifi cantly ***,torsional effects are adversely *** asymmetric buildings,the effectiveness of the connecting dampers is affected by building *** a result,mass eccentricities must be taken into account in damper *** compared with vibrations induced by unidirectional excitations,bidirectional excitations can increase the responses of coupled asymmetric *** addition,installing dampers only at the top fl oor of the shorter building may cause a sudden change in lateral stiffness of the taller ***,the story shear envelopes of the taller building are changed.

关键词： bidirectional excitations connecting dampers adjacent buildings fractional derivative

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Coherent nonlinear structures in dense electron positron plasma

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第2期22卷 335-340页

作者： s.A.Khan z.Wazir National Centre for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Physics Riphah International UniversityIslamabadPakistan

It is shown that rarefactive-type double layer structures exist in ultradense electron-positron *** this purpose,an extended Korteweg de Vries equation is derived and solved analytically in the low amplitude limit by employing the appropriate fluid equations.A strong influence of quantum degeneracy pressure of electrons and positrons,quantum diffraction effects and concentration of background positive ions on double layer is *** is also pointed out that the amplitude and steepness of the double layer increases with an increase in ion concentration or ion charge *** results are examined numerically for some interesting cases of dense plasmas with illustrations.

关键词： degenerate plasma nonlinear structures double layers

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Fecal microbiota transplantation in allergic diseases

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 83-91页

作者： Ece TüsüzÖnata ÖnerÖzdemir Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Medical FacultySakarya UniversityAdapazarı54100SakaryaTürkiye

Microorganisms such as bacteria,fungi,viruses,parasites living in the human intestine constitute the human intestinal *** refers to composi-tional and quantitative changes that negatively affect healthy gut *** recent years,with the demonstration that many diseases are associated with dysbiosis,treatment strategies targeting the correction of dysbiosis in the treat-ment of these diseases have begun to be *** microbiota trans-plantation(FMT)is the process of transferring faeces from a healthy donor to another recipient in order to restore the gut microbiota and provide a therapeutic *** studies have gained popularity after probiotic,prebiotic,symbiotic studies in the treatment of dysbiosis and related *** has emerged as a potential new therapy in the treatment of allergic diseases as it is associated with the maintenance of intestinal microbiota and immunological balance(T helper 1/T helper 2 cells)and thus suppression of allergic *** this article,the definition,application,safety and use of FMT in allergic diseases will be discussed with current data.

关键词： Microbiota Dysbiosis Faecal microbiota transplantation Allergic diseases

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Biomimetic amelioration of zirconium nanoparticles on a rigid substrate over viscous slime--a physiological approach

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第9期44卷 1563-1576页

作者： s.I.ABDELsALAM A.z.zAHER Instituto de Ciencias MatemHu DINGticas ICMAT Madrid 28049Spain Basic science Faculty of EngineeringThe British University in EgyptAl-Shorouk CityCairo 11837Egypt Basic science Department Faculty of EngineeringShubra-Benha UniversityCairo 11884Egypt

In this article,an investigation is conducted to study the precise role of zirconium nanoparticles that exist in a slime-like fluid subject to specific *** gliding is a technique of mobility used by bacteria that lack motility components,bacteria travel on their own strength in gliding locomotion by secreting a layer of slime on the substrate.A model of an undulating sheet over a layer of slime of a Rabinowitsch fluid is investigated as a potential model of bacteria’s gliding *** the aid of long wavelength approximation,the equations governing the circulation of slime underneath the cells are established and analytically *** effects of pseudoplasticity,dilatation and non-Newtonian parameter on the behavior of zirconium concentration,speed of microorganism(bacteria),streamline patterns,and pressure rise for non-Newtonian and Newtonian fluids are *** power required for propulsion is also *** interpretation for the pertinent variables has been graphically discussed against the parameters under *** is found that with the increase in the concentration of zirconium nanoparticles,the bacterial flow is accelerated and attains its maximum near the rigid substrate wall while an opposite behavior is noticed in the rest region.

关键词： zirconium nanoparticle gliding bacterium Grashof heat transfer glider's speed Rabinowitsch fluid

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A revised Cattaneo-Christov micropolar viscoelastic nanofluid model with combined porosity and magnetic effects

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第3期41卷 521-532页

作者： s.A.sHEHzAD s.U.KHAN z.ABBAs A.RAUF Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwal 57000Pakistan Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan

The dynamics of non-Newtonian fluids along with nanoparticles is quite interesting with numerous industrial applications. The current predominately predictive modeling deals with the flow of the viscoelastic micropolar fluid in the presence of nanoparticles. A progressive amendment in the heat and concentration equations is made by exploiting the Cattaneo-Christov(C-C) heat and mass flux expressions. Besides, the thermal radiation effects are contributed in the energy equation and aspect of the radiation parameter, and the Prandtl number is specified by the one-parameter *** formulated expressions are converted to the dimensionless forms by relevant similarity functions. The analytical solutions to these expressions have been erected by the homotopy analysis method. The variations in physical quantities, including the velocity,the temperature, the effective local Nusselt number, the concentration of nanoparticles,and the local sherwood number, have been observed under the influence of emerging parameters. The results have shown good accuracy compared with those of the existing literature.

关键词： micropolar viscoelastic fluid nanoparticle thermal radiation Cattaneo-Christov(C-C)theory porous medium

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