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Biochemical studies on malathion res.s.ance, inheritance and association of carboxylesterase activity in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens complex in Peninsular Malaysia

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Insect science 2010年第6期17卷 517-526页

作者： M. A. Latif Mohd Yosuh Omar soon Guan Tan s.s. siraj Abdul Rahim Ismail Department of Crop science Faculty of Agriculture Department of Biology Faculty of Science Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Molecular Science Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Malaysia

Two sympatric populations of brown planthopper （BPH）, one from rice and the other from Leersia hexandra were collected from each of five locations in Malaysia. All the tested malathion-res.s.ant individuals of the rice BPH population and F1 generation （cross between malathion-res.s.ant [usually caught on rice] and malathion- s.s.eptible [usually caught on Leersia]） showed high esterase activity, while all malathion- s.s.eptible individuals on L. hexandra showed low esterase activity. In the F2 generation, all the individuals tested against malathion were approximately 75% res.s.ant and 25% s.s.eptible and the inheritance pattern of esterase activity （high and low esterase activity） segregated in the same manner to a 3：1 ratio. This confirms that res.s.ance to malathion is mono-factorial and inheritance pattern ofesterase activity is also linked to malathion res.s.ance. Carboxylesterase or total esterase activity in BPH is inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion that is encoded by a single dominant gene. For the total esterase assay, average esterase activity levels in the rice-infesting population ranged from 17.64 to 19.37 nmoles 1-napthol/mg protein while that in the Leersia-infesting population ranged from 5.29 to 6.11 nmoles 1-napthol/mg protein. In terms of esterase activity, the two sympatric Nilaparvata lugens populations.s.parated into two distinct groups. Results based on the tube color intensity test showed 96% and 98% res.s.ant and s.s.eptible individuals were present in the rice- and Leersia-infesting populations, respectively. In a filter paper test, the rice-infesting population had 94% with high esterase activity while the Leersia-infesting population had 96% with low esterase activity.

关键词： brown planthopper carboxylesterase assay inheritance study insecticide res.s.ance rice

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steel surface Defect Detection Using Learnable Memory Vision Transformer

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 499-520页

作者： syed Tasnimul Karim Ayon Farhan Md.siraj Jia Uddin Department of Computer science and Engineering BRAC UniversityDhaka1212Bangladesh Department of AI and Big Data Endicott CollegeWoosong UniversityDaejeon34606Republic of Korea

This.s.udy investigates the application of Learnable Memory Vision Transformers(LMViT)for detecting metal surface flaws,comparing their performance with traditional CNNs.s.ecifically ResNet18 and ResNet50,as well as other transformer-based models including Token to Token ViT,ViT withoutmemory,and Parallel *** awidely-used steel surface defect dataset,the research applies data augmentation and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding(t-sNE)to enhance feature extraction and *** techniques mitigated overfitting,stabilized training,and improved generalization *** LMViT model achieved a test accuracy of 97.22%,significantly outperforming ResNet18(88.89%)and ResNet50(88.90%),aswell as the Token to TokenViT(88.46%),ViT without memory(87.18),and Parallel ViT(91.03%).Furthermore,LMViT exhibited superior training and validation performance,attaining a validation accuracy of 98.2%compared to 91.0%for ResNet 18,96.0%for ResNet50,and 89.12%,87.51%,and 91.21%for Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT,*** findings highlight the LMViT’s ability to capture long-range dependencies in images,an areawhere CNNs.s.ruggle due to their reliance on local receptive fields and hierarchical feature *** additional transformer-based models also demonstrate improved performance in capturing complex features over CNNs,with LMViT excelling particularly at detecting subtle and complex defects,which is critical for maintaining product quality and operational efficiency in industrial *** instance,the LMViT model successfully identified fine scratches and minor surface irregularities that CNNs often *** study not only demonstrates LMViT’s potential for real-world defect detection but also underscores the promise of other transformer-based architectures like Token to Token ViT,ViT without memory,and Parallel ViT in industrial scenarios where complex spatial relationships are *** research m

关键词： Learnable Memory Vision Transformer(LMViT) Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) metal surface defect detection deep learning,computer vision image classification learnable memory gradient clipping label smoothing t-sNE visualization

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seasonal nutrient distribution in the Rupsha-Passur tidal river s.s.em of the sundarbans mangrove forest,Bangladesh

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Ecological Processes 2014年第1期3卷 125-135页

作者： shak MB Rahaman sudhin K Biswas Md s Rahaman Alokesh K Ghosh Lipton sarder s.s.siraj sheikh s Islam Fisheries and Marine Resource Technology Discipline Khulna UniversityKhulna 9208Bangladesh Chemistry Department Comilla UniversityComilla 3500Bangladesh

Introduction:The Rupsha-Passur River s.s.em(Rs)is one of the biggest and important river s.s.ems in the sundarbans estuarine *** is the largest fresh water supplier into this mangrove forest.A comprehensive study was undertaken to evaluate the tidal and seasonal variations in nutrient concentrations(nitrate,phosphate,sulphate and ammonia)of the Rs during October,2010(Post monsoon),February,2011(Dry winter)and August 2011(Monsoon).In-situ measurement and laboratory analys.s.were conducted to measure nutrients and other physico-chemical parameters at discrete water layers of five study points under different tidal ***:Following post monsoon,NH3–N concentration showed seasonal variation with increasing trend(0.0703 to 0.0803 mg/L)in dry winter and then significant dropping(0.013 to 0.019 mg/L)in monsoon *** field observation,no significant tidal variation in ammonia concentration was identified among the study *** monsoon and winter time observation recorded lower sO4 content(7.301 to 37.508 mg/L)at all the sampling stations while in monsoon period,most of the stations.s.owed higher concentration up to 126.92 mg/*** to post monsoon season with comparatively higher PO4–P value(0.314 to 1.347 mg/L),winter and monsoon period sampling indicated low phosphate concentrations(0.045 to 0.5 mg/L)in the Rupsha-Passur *** of the study sites.s.owed considerable tidal changes in phosphate value during post monsoon and monsoon season while only two stations went through tidal fluctuation in sulphate content during monsoon *** of NO3–N were found to fluctuate between 0.083 and 1.233 mg/L with no distinct seasonal distribution *** variation of NO3–N in the experimental sites was not so prominent during post monsoon period as of winter ***:Present study will serve as a bas.s.for future hydrological and environmental studies in the world’s largest sundarbans intertidal mangrove *** results i

关键词： Water quality Monsoon Aquatic Ecos.s.em Hydrodynamic environment Post monsoon

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Immunogenic potential and protective efficacy of formalin inactivated circulating Indian strain of West Nile virus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第12期7卷 946-951页

作者： Pritom Chowdhury siraj Ahmed Khan Rashmee Topno Prafulla Dutta R.N.s.Yadav Jagadish Mahanta Regional Medical Research Centre ICMR(NE Region)DibrugarhAssamIndia Centre for studies in Biotechnology Dibrugarh UniversityDibrugarh-786004AssamIndia

Objective:To ass.s. the best suitable condition for virus *** to study the immunogenic potential and protective efficacy of a circulating West Nile virus(WNV) strain in ***:Bulk preparation of circulating WNV:WNIRGC07(GeneBank ID:HQ246154).was undertaken in a bioreaclor using *** Inactivation was done in three different conditions:22 ℃.4 ℃ and room *** virus preparations were evaluated for antigenicity by ELIsA and toxicity by cell proliferation *** efficacy was done in-viro on swiss albino mice against standard Indian WNV and Japanese encephalitis virus(JKV)*** and cell mediated immune response was evaluated in mice sera by ELIsA and neutralization ***:Inactivation at 22 ℃ was found to be more suitable in terms of less toxicity and high *** same was.s.lected to study the immune response and efficacy in *** induced neutralizing antibody titre of 1:625 and high EgG *** vivo experiment showed 100% protective efficacy against WNV and 20.8% cross protective efficacy against *** ass.s.ment of cellular immunity through immunized mice revealed augmentation of high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and moderate levels of anti—cytokines indicating a mixed balance of Th1 and Th2 ***:Findings.s.ggest that formalin inactivated Indian WNV strain has a good immunogenic *** is the first study on ass.s.ment of immunogenic potential of a lineage 5 strain of *** study reveals that it would be a promising and effective candidate for vaccine studies which warrants further evaluation.

关键词： West Nile virus Assam Immunization Efficacy Neutralizing antibody Cytokine

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Novel Photoinitiated synthes.s. Characterization, Thermal Kinetics, and Mechanism of Complex of Potassium Hexacyanoferrate with Imidazole

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2009年第2期25卷 138-142页

作者： MAJID Kowsar AHMAD siraj MALIK Mukhtar Ahmad Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology

Photoinitiated substitution complex of [Fe（CN）6]^4- with imidazole has been synthesized and characterized. On the bas.s.of elemental analys.s. the empirical molecular formula of the complex is K4[Fe（CN）5（C3H4N2）]·4H2O. The substitution of aquo ligand produced as a result of photoexcitation by imidazole has been confirmed by various.s.ectroscopic thechniques like UV-Vis, FTIR, NMR, and sEM techniques. The characteristic FTIR and NMR absorption peaks for different entities present support the assigned formula. The presence of cyanide and imidazole ligands is.s.own by FTIR absorption peaks at 2046 cm^-1 due to v（C≡N） and at 1447 and 1619 cm^-1 due to v（C=N） and v（C=C） stretching vibration of the aromatic ring of imidazole, hence, confirming the assigned formula and photoinitiated substitution process. ^1HNMR also shows the peaks for aromatic hydrogen confirming again the presence of imidazole in the complex, further supporting the successful photoinitiated process. The water outside the coordination sphere has been confirmed from FTIR peaks and thermal analys.s. Thermal kinetics and mechanistic studies have also been carried out by TG and DsC, Thermodynamics parameters.s.ch as activation energy（Ea）, preexponential factor（A）, and entropy of activation（Aft） have been calculated for each step via different methods like Doyle＇s, Coats, and Redfern and Arrehenius.

关键词： Photochemistry Potassium he.xacyanoferrate Imidazole Photosubstitution FTIR

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Vegetation-environment relationship in Pinus wallichiana fores.s.of the swat Hindukush range of Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 185-195页

作者： Inayat Ur Rahman Nasrullah Khan Kishwar Ali siraj Ahmad Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Dendrochronology Department of BotanyUniversity of Malakand

Understanding the influence of environmental variables on the spatial distribution of ecological communities is essential to predict the response of vegetation to various environmental *** theory sugges.s.that multiple environmental factors.s.ape local species assemblages and should influence the various components of community structure and composition in different *** study aimed to classify Pinus wallichiana dominated fores.s.in the swat Hindukush range mountains to understand the relative influence of multiple environmental filters on its composition and *** fores.s.represent the most typical of the species distribution in northern Pakistan and were not subjected to any phytosociological *** this purpose,thirty forest stands.s.anning a wide range of physical habitats were sampled using 10 x 10 m plots and the importance value index was *** floristic and environmental data were subjected to Ward’s agglomerative cluster analys.s.for objective classification and ordinated with NMs ordination for pattern description and testing the vegetation-environmental *** floristically and ecologically distinct communities were recognized along the topographic gradient(elevation,r=0.377;slope,r=0.5548) coupled with soil physical(clay,r=0.2782;silt,r=0.3225) and chemical properties(pH,r=0.4975;lime,r=3982).An elevation gradient of 100 m separated the low(Pinus wallichiana-Quercus dilatata community)and middle elevations forest stands(*** pure population) from the highland population type(Pinus wallichiana-Cedrus deodara community).The floristics and structure of these forest types respond directly or indirectly to topographic and soil variables which were evidenced from the floristic composition,species richness,and community *** characteristics of the communities changed from heterogenous,dense stands to sparsely dispersed conifers,broadleaved-evergreen,and deciduous vegetation types along

关键词： Blue pine forests Classification-ordination Ecological gradient Hindukush range mountains species composition

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On the Approximation of Fractal-Fractional Differential Equations Using Numerical Inverse Laplace Transform Methods

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2023年第6期135卷 2743-2765页

作者： Kamran siraj Ahmad Kamal shah Thabet Abdeljawad Bahaaeldin Abdalla Department of Mathematics Islamia College PeshawarKhyber Pakhtoon KhwaPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Mathematics and sciences Prince Sultan UniversityP.O.Box 66833Riyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics University of MalakandChakdara Dir(L)Khyber Pakhtunkhwa18000Pakistan Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan

Laplace transform is one of the powerful tools for solving differential equations in engineering and other science *** the Laplace transform for solving differential equations,however,sometimes leads to solutions in the Laplace domain that are not readily invertible to the real domain by ***,we need numerical inversionmethods to convert the obtained solution fromLaplace domain to a real *** this paper,we propose a numerical scheme based on Laplace transform and numerical inverse Laplace transform for the approximate solution of fractal-fractional differential equations with orderα,β.Our proposed numerical scheme is based on three main ***,we convert the given fractal-fractional differential equation to fractional-differential equation in Riemann-Liouville sense,and then into Caputo ***,we transformthe fractional differential equation in Caputo sense to an equivalent equation in Laplace *** the solution of the transformed equation is obtained in Laplace ***,the solution is converted into the real domain using numerical inversion of Laplace *** inversion methods are evaluated in this paper,and their convergence is also *** test problems are used to validate the inversion *** demonstrate our results with the help of tables and *** obtained results.s.ow that Euler’s and Talbot’s methods performed better than stehfest’s method.

关键词： Fractal-fractional differential equation power law kernel exponential decay kernel Mittag-Leffler kernel Laplace transform Euler’s method Talbot’s method stehfest’s method

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Validation and reproducibility of the Heidelberg Edge Perimeter in the detection of glaucomatous visual field defects

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第4期12卷 577-581页

作者： Qi N.Cui Priyanka Gogt Jonathan M.Lam safa siraj Lisa A.Hark Jonathan s.Myers L.Jay Katz Michael Waisbourd Glaucoma Research Center Wills Eye Hospital scheie Eye Center University of Pennsylvania Department of Ophthalmology Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University

AIM: To validate the ability of the Heidelberg Edge Perimeter(HEP) in detecting glaucomatous visual field(VF) defects compared to the Octopus Visual Field(OVF) Analyzer and to determine the test-retest repeatability of both ***: This prospective, cross.s.ctional study was conducted at Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA. Glaucoma subjects and unaffected controls underwent VF testing using HEP standard automated perimetry(sAP) Ⅲ 30-2 Adaptive staircase Thresholding Algorithm(AsTA) FAsT protocol and OVF G-TOP white-on-white strategy. Testing order was randomized. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for both mean deviation(MD) and pattern standard deviation/square root of loss of variance(PsD/s LV). Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were used to determine the diagnostic abilities of both modalities. Glaucoma subjects returned for repeat testing and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICCs) were calculated to ass.s. test-retest repeatability. REsULTs: seventy-nine subjects with glaucoma and 36 unaffected controls were enrolled. HEP and OVF were significantly correlated for both MD(r=-0.84; PsD/s LV(r=0.79; Ps under the ROC curves(AUCs) were also comparable between HEP and OVF for both MD(0.74 and 0.79, respectively; P=0.26) and PsD/sL V(0.74 and 0.82; P=0.08). ICC was high for both HEP (0.96 for MD, 0.95 for PsD/s LV) and OVF(0.82 and 0.88, respectively). Mean test duration(min) was.s.gnificantly shorter for OVF(2.63) compared to HEP(5.15; PsION: HEP and OVF show strong correlation for both MD and PsD/s LV, and have similar validity for detecting glaucoma. The test-retest repeatability is high for both HEP and OVF, however the average testing duration of HEP is.s.gnificantly longer than that of OVF.

关键词： glaucoma Heidelberg Edge Perimeter standard automated perimetry Octopus Visual Field Analyzer visual field

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Bug Prioritization Using Average One Dependence Estimator

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Intelligent Automation & soft Computing 2023年第6期36卷 3517-3533页

作者： Kashif saleem Rashid Naseem Khalil Khan siraj Muhammad Ikram syed Jaehyuk Choi Department of IT and Computer science Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyPakAustriaFochhshuleHaripurPakistan Faculty of Computer sciences and Information Technology Superior UniversityLahore54660Pakistan Department of Computer science Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringalUpper DirKhyber PakhtunkhwaPakitan school of Computing Gachon University1342Seongnam-daeroSujeong-guSeongnam-si13120Korea

Automation software need to be continuously updated by addressing software bugs contained in their ***,bugs have different levels of importance;hence,it is essential to prioritize bug reports based on their sever-ity and *** managing the deluge of incoming bug reports faces time and resource constraints from the development team and delays the resolu-tion of critical ***,bug report prioritization is *** study pro-pos.s.a new model for bug prioritization based on average one dependence estimator;it prioritizes bug reports based on severity,which is determined by the number of *** more the number of attributes,the more the *** proposed model is evaluated using precision,recall,F1-score,accuracy,G-Measure,and Matthew’s correlation *** of the proposed model are compared with those of the support vector machine(sVM)and Naive Bayes(NB)*** and Mozilla datasetswere used as the sources of bug *** proposed model improved the bug repository management and out-performed the sVM and NB ***,the proposed model used a weaker attribute independence supposition than the former models,thereby improving prediction accuracy with minimal computational cost.

关键词： Bug report triaging prioritization support vector machine Naive Bayes

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Adaptive Cloud Intrusion Detection s.s.em Based on Pruned Exact Linear Time Technique

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3725-3756页

作者： Widad Elbakri Maheyzah Md.siraj Bander Ali saleh Al-rimy sultan Noman Qasem Tawfik Al-Hadhrami Faculty of Computing Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor BahruJohor81310Malaysia Computer science Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia school of science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamNG118NSUK

Cloud computing environments,characterized by dynamic scaling,distributed architectures,and complex work-loads,are increasingly targeted by malicious *** threats encompass unauthorized access,data breaches,denial-of-service attacks,and evolving malware *** security solutions often struggle with the dynamic nature of cloud environments,highlighting the need for robust Adaptive Cloud Intrusion Detection s.s.ems(CIDs).Existing adaptive CIDs.s.lutions,while offering improved detection capabilities,often face limitations.s.ch as reliance on approximations for change point detection,hindering their precision in identifying *** can lead to missed attacks or an abundance of false alarms,impacting overall security *** address these challenges,we propose ACIDs(Adaptive Cloud Intrusion Detection s.s.em)-*** novel Adaptive CIDs framework leverages the Pruned Exact Linear Time(PELT)algorithm and a support Vector Machine(sVM)for enhanced accuracy and ***-PELT compris.s.four key components:(1)Feature selection:Utilizing a hybrid harmony search algorithm and the symmetrical uncertainty filter(HsO-sU)to identify the most relevant features that effectively differentiate between normal and anomalous network traffic in the cloud environment.(2)surveillance:Employing the PELT algorithm to detect change points within the network traffic data,enabling the identification of anomalies and potential security threats with improved precision compared to existing approaches.(3)Training set:Labeled network traffic data forms the training set used to train the sVM classifier to distinguish between normal and anomalous behaviour patterns.(4)Testing set:The testing set evaluates ACIDs-PELT’s performance by measuring its accuracy,precision,and recall in detecting security threats within the cloud *** evaluate the performance of ACIDs-PELT using the NsL-KDD benchmark *** results demonstrate that ACIDs-PELT outperf

关键词： Adaptive cloud IDs harmony search distributed denial of service(DDos) PELT machine learning sVM IsOTCID NsL-KDD

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