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Degradation Diagnostics from the subsurface of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes

Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第2期5卷 662-669页

作者： Xuhui Yao Tomas samoril JiriDluhos John F.Watts Zhijia Du Bohang song sravi p.silva Tan sui Yunlong Zhao Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuildford Surrey GU27XHUK TEsCAN ORsAY HOLDING a.s.Libusina tr.21Brno 62300Czech Republic Department of Mechanical Engineering sciences University of SurreyGuildford Surrey GU27XHUK Energy and Transportation science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37830USA Neutron scattering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge TN 37830USA National physical Laboratory Teddington Middlesex TW110LWUK

Despite the long-established rocking-chair theory of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),developing novel characterization methodology with higher spatiotemporal resolution facilitates a better understanding of the solid electrolyte interphase studies to shape the reaction *** this work,we develop a Xenon ion plasma focused ion beam(Xe+pFIB)-based characterization technique to probe the cross-sectional interface of both ternary cathode and graphite anode electrodes,with the focus on revealing the chemical composition and distribution underneath the electrode surface by in-depth analysis of secondary ***,the lithium fluoride is detected in the pristine cathode prior to contact with the electrolyte,reflecting that the electrode degradation is in the form of the loss of lithium inventory during electrode *** degradation is related to the hydrolysis of the cathode material and the decomposition of the pVDF *** the quantitative analysis of the transition-metal degradation products,manganese is found to be the dominant element in the newly formed inactive fluoride deposition on the cathode,while no transition metal signal can be found inside the anode *** insights at high resolution implemented via a pFIB-based characterization technique not only enrich the understanding of the degradation mechanism in the LIBs but also identify and enable a high-sensitivity methodology to obtain the chemical survey at the subsurface,which will help remove the capacity-fade observed in most LIBs.

关键词： degradation lithium-ion battery mass spectrometry plasma focused ion beam subsurface

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Laser-Induced Recoverable Fluorescence Quenching of perovskite Films at a Microscopic Grain scale

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第4期5卷 1189-1199页

作者： Yuren Xiang Yameng Cao Wenqiang Yang Rui Hu sebastian Wood Bowei Li Qin Hu Fan Zhang Jujie He Mozhgan Yavari Jinlai Zhao Yunlong Zhao Jun song Junle Qu Rui Zhu Thomas p.Russell s.ravi p.silva Wei Zhang Center for Biomedical Optics and photonics(CBOp)&College of physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and SystemsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Advanced Technology Institute University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK National physical Laboratory Hampton RoadTeddington TW110LWUK Department of polymer science and Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherst MA 01003USA state Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic physics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College ofmaterials science and engineering Shenzhen Key laboratory of Polymer Science and TechnologyGuangdong Research Center for interfacial Engineering of FunctionalMaterialsShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Understanding the fundamental properties of metal-halide perovskite materials is driving the development of novel optoelectronic ***,we report the observation of a recoverable laser-induced fluorescence quenching phenomenon in perovskite films with a microscopic grain-scale restriction,accompanied by spectral *** fluorescence quenching depends on the laser intensity and the dwell time under Auger recombination dominated *** features indicate that the perovskite lattice deformation may take the main responsibility for the transient and show a new aspect to understand halide perovskite *** further modulate this phenomenon by adjusting the charge carrier recombination and extraction,revealing that efficient carrier transfer can improve the bleaching resistance of perovskite *** results provide future opportunities to attain high-performance devices by tuning the perovskite lattice disorder and harvesting the energetic carriers.

关键词： fluorescence quenching perovskite photophysics stability

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Influence of Halide Choice on Formation of Low-Dimensional perovskite Interlayer in Efficient perovskite solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第2期5卷 670-682页

作者： Xueping Liu Thomas Webb Linjie Dai Kangyu Ji Joel A.smith Rachel C.Kilbride Mozhgan Yavari Jinxin Bi Aobo Ren Yuanyuan Huang Zhuo Wang Yonglong shen Guosheng shao stephen J.sweeney steven Hinder Hui Li David G.Lidzey samuel D.stranks Neil C.Greenham s.ravi p.silva Wei Zhang state Center for International Cooperation on Designer Low-carbon&Environmental Materials(CDLCEM) Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Advanced Technology Institute Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgeCambridge CB30ASUK Department of physics and Astronomy University of SheffieldSheffield S37RHUK Department of physics University of OxfordClarendon LaboratoryOxford OX13PUUK Advanced Technology Institute and Department of physics University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK The surface Analysis Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Recent advances in heterojunction and interfacial engineering of perovskite solar cells(psCs)have enabled great progress in developing highly efficient and stable ***,the effect of halide choice on the formation mechanism,crystallography,and photoelectric properties of the lowdimensional phase still requires further detailed *** this work,we present key insights into the significance of halide choice when designing passivation strategies comprising large organic spacer salts,clarifying the effect of anions on the formation of quasi-2D/3D *** demonstrate the importance of halide influences,we employ novel neo-pentylammonium halide salts with different halide anions(neopAX,X=I,Br,or Cl).We find that regardless of halide selection,iodide-based(neopA)_(2)(FA)_((n-1))pbnI_((3n+1))phases are formed above the perovskite substrate,while the added halide anions diffuse and passivate the perovskite *** addition,we also find the halide choice has an influence on the degree of dimensionality(n).Comparing the three halides,we find that chloride-based salts exhibit superior crystallographic,enhanced carrier transport,and extraction compared to the iodide and bromide *** a result,we report high power conversion efficiency in quasi-2D/3D psCs,which are optimal when using chloride salts,reaching up to 23.35%,and improving long-term stability.

关键词： carrier dynamics halide anions(I Br Cl) neo-pentylammonium halides perovskite solar cells quasi-2D/3D heterojunction

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Exploring nitrogen reduction reaction mechanisms in electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis:A comprehensive review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 681-697页

作者： Abhishek Umesh shetty ravi sankannavar school of Chemical and Materials science Indian Institute of Technology GoaFarmagudiPonda 403401GoaIndia Department of Chemical Engineering M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyMSR NagarMSRIT PostBengaluru 560054KarnatakaIndia

The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction(eNRR)holds significant promise as a sustainable alternative to the conventional large-scale Haber Bosch process,offering a carbon footprint-free approach for ammonia *** the process is thermodynamically feasible at ambient temperature and pressure,challenges such as the competing hydrogen evolution reaction,low nitrogen solubility in electrolytes,and the activation of inert dinitrogen(N_(2))gas adversely affect the performance of ammonia *** hurdles result in low Faradaic efficiency and low ammonia production rate,which pose obstacles to the commercialisation of the *** have been actively designing and proposing various electrocatalysts to address these issues,but challenges still need to be resolved.A key strategy in electrocatalyst design lies in understanding the underlying mechanisms that govern the success or failure of the electrocatalyst in driving the electrochemical *** mechanistic studies,we gain valuable insights into the factors affecting the reaction,enabling us to propose optimised designs to overcome the *** review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the various mechanisms involved in eNRR on the electrocatalyst *** delves into the various mechanisms such as dissociative,associative,Mars-van Krevelen,lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction and surface hydrogenation mechanisms of nitrogen *** unravelling the intricacies of eNRR mechanisms and exploring promising avenues,we can pave the way for more efficient and commercially viable ammonia synthesis through this sustainable electrochemical process by designing an efficient electrocatalyst.

关键词： Green ammonia synthesis Electrolysis Electrocatalysis Nitrogen reductionreaction Electrochemical reaction pathways Reactionmechanism

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Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of Nd^(3+)-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： C.Y.Morassuti A.p.L silva L.A.O.Nunes s.M.Lima L.H.C.Andrade Optical and photothermal spectroscopy Group(GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Information Technology Center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of physics of são Carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high Nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the Nd^(3+)emission,which has been little explored in the ***,the present work investigated the use of Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with Nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the Nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by optical reabsorption of the Nd^(3+)emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped with higher amounts of Nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value among the reported Nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： Nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio Optical thermometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earths

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Deep Learning-Based Classification of Rotten Fruits and Identification of shelf Life

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 781-794页

作者： s.sofana Reka Ankita Bagelikar prakash Venugopal V.ravi Harimurugan Devarajan Centre for smart Grid Technologies School of Electronics EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India school of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India Department of Electrical Engineering Dr.B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjab144008India

The freshness of fruits is considered to be one of the essential characteristics for consumers in determining their quality,flavor and nutritional *** primary need for identifying rotten fruits is to ensure that only fresh and high-quality fruits are sold to *** impact of rotten fruits can foster harmful bacteria,molds and other microorganisms that can cause food poisoning and other illnesses to the *** overall purpose of the study is to classify rotten fruits,which can affect the taste,texture,and appearance of other fresh fruits,thereby reducing their shelf *** agriculture and food industries are increasingly adopting computer vision technology to detect rotten fruits and forecast their shelf ***,this research work mainly focuses on the Convolutional Neural Network’s(CNN)deep learning model,which helps in the classification of rotten *** proposed methodology involves real-time analysis of a dataset of various types of fruits,including apples,bananas,oranges,papayas and ***,machine learningmodels such as GaussianNaïve Bayes(GNB)and random forest are used to predict the fruit’s shelf *** results obtained from the various pre-trained models for rotten fruit detection are analysed based on an accuracy score to determine the best *** comparison to other pre-trained models,the visual geometry group16(VGG16)obtained a higher accuracy score of 95%.Likewise,the random forest model delivers a better accuracy score of 88% when compared with GNB in forecasting the fruit’s shelf *** developing an accurate classification model,only fresh and safe fruits reach consumers,reducing the risks associated with contaminated ***,the proposed approach will have a significant impact on the food industry for efficient fruit distribution and also benefit customers to purchase fresh fruits.

关键词： Rotten fruit detection shelf life deep learning convolutional neural network machine learning gaussian naïve bayes random forest visual geometry group16

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Federated Approach for privacy-preserving Traffic prediction Using Graph Convolutional Network

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Journal of shanghai Jiaotong university(science) 2024年第3期29卷 509-517页

作者： LONARE savita BHRAMARAMBA ravi pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering Pune 411044India Department of Computer science and Engineering GITAMViskhapatnam 530045India

Existing traffic flow prediction frameworks have already achieved enormous success due to large traffic datasets and capability of deep learning ***,data privacy and security are always a challenge in every field where data need to be uploaded to the *** learning(FL)is an emerging trend for distributed training of *** primary goal of FL is to train an efficient communication model without compromising data *** traffic data have a robust spatio-temporal correlation,but various approaches proposed earlier have not considered spatial correlation of the traffic *** paper presents FL-based traffic flow prediction with spatio-temporal *** work uses a differential privacy(Dp)scheme for privacy preservation of participant's *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first time that FL is used for vehicular traffic prediction while considering the spatio-temporal correlation of traffic data with Dp *** proposed framework trains the data locally at the client-side with *** then uses the model aggregation mechanism federated graph convolutional network(FedGCN)at the server-side to find the average of locally trained *** results of the proposed work show that the FedGCN model accurately predicts the *** scheme at client-side helps clients to set a budget for privacy loss.

关键词： federated learning(FL) traffic flow prediction data privacy graph convolutional network(GCN) differential privacy(Dp)

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E-voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology

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Journal of safety science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 102-109页

作者： Beulah Jayakumari s Lilly sheeba Maya Eapen Jani Anbarasi Vinayakumar ravi A.suganya Malathy Jawahar Department of Information Technology Tagore Engineering College Chennai India school of Computer science and Engineering sRM Institute of science and Technology Ramapuram ChennaiIndia Department of Information Technology Jerusalem College of Engineering ChennaiIndia school of Computer science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India Center for Artificial Intelligence Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd UniversityKhobarSaudi Arabia Leather process Technology Division CsIR-Central Leather Research Institute ChennaiIndia

With the invention of Internet-enabled devices,cloud and blockchain-based technologies,an online voting system can smoothly carry out election *** pandemic situations,citizens tend to develop panic about mass gatherings,which may influence the decrease in the number of *** urges a reliable,flexible,transparent,secure,and cost-effective voting *** proposed online voting system using cloud-based hybrid blockchain technology eradicates the flaws that persist in the existing voting system,and it is carried out in three phases:the registration phase,vote casting phase and vote counting phase.A timestamp-based authentication protocol with digital signature validates voters and candidates during the registration and vote casting *** smart contracts,third-party interventions are eliminated,and the transactions are secured in the blockchain ***,to provide accurate voting results,the practical Byzantine fault tolerance(pBFT)consensus mechanism is adopted to ensure that the vote has not been modified or ***,the overall performance of the proposed system is significantly better than that of the existing *** performance was analyzed based on authentication delay,vote alteration,response time,and latency.

关键词： E-voting Cloud Blockchain smart contract Consensus mechanism

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An Interactive Operating Demand Response Approach for Hybrid power systems Integrating Renewable Energy sources

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protection and Control of Modern power systems 2024年第3期9卷 174-194页

作者： Abhishek saxena ravi shankar IEEE the Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology PatnaIndia

The increased deployment of renewable energy in existing power networks has jeopardized rotational inertia,resulting in system degradation and *** address the issue,this paper proposes a demand response strategy for ensuring the future reliability of the electrical power *** addition,a modified fuzzy logic control topology-based two-degree-of-freedom(fractional order proportional integral)-tilt derivative controller is designed to regulate the frequency within a demand response framework of a hybrid two-area deregulated power *** test system includes thermal power plants,renewable energy sources(such as wind,parabolic trough solar thermal plant,biogas),and electric vehicle *** adaptively tune the controller’s coefficients,a quasi-opposition-based harris hawks optimization(QOHHO)algorithm is *** effectiveness of this algorithm is compared to other optimization algorithms,and the stability of the system is *** results demonstrate that the designed control algorithm significantly enhances system frequency stability in various scenarios,including uncertainties,physical constraints,and high penetration of renewables,compared to existing ***,an experimental assessment through OpAL-RT is conducted to verify the practicality of the proposed strategy,considering source and load intermittencies.

关键词： Area control error demand response energy storage vertically integrated utility

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Multiferroism in pr_2FeCrO_6 perovskite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第11期36卷 1175-1178页

作者： s.ravi Department of physics Mepco Schlenk Engineering College

pr2FeCrO6 perovskite crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure with R3c space group. Magnetic stuay nas revealed that pr2FeCrO6 exhibits room-temperature ferromagnetism with a Curie temperature of about 562 K. pr2FeCrO6 also exhibits weak ferroelectricity. Thus, given its ferroelectric and ferromagnetic na- ture, the pr2FeCrO6 material can be considered as a multiferroic. In addition, due to its high Curie temperature and multiferroicity, it could be a promising candidate for spintronics applications.

关键词： Magnetic materials Double perovskite Magnetoresistance spintronics Rare earths

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