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sex-specific life-history trait expression in hybrids of a cave- and surface-dwelling fish (Poecilia mexicana, Poecilidae)

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 421-429页

作者： rüdiger riesch Luis r.Arriaga Ingo schlupp Department of Biological sciences Royal Holloway University of LondonEghamTW20 OEXUK CEFE CNRSUnivMontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Department of Biology University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Evaluating the fitness of hybrids can provide important insights into genetic differences between species or diverging *** focused on surface-and cave-ecotypes of the widespread Atlantic molly Poecilia mexicana and raised F1 hybrids of reciprocal crosses to sexual maturity in a common-garden *** were reared in a fully factorial 2 x 2 design consisting of lighting(light ***)and resource availability(high *** food).We quantified survival,ability to realize their full reproductive potential(i.e.,completed maturation for males and 3 consecutive births for females)and essential life-history *** to the performance of pure cave and surface fish from a previous experiment,F1s had the highest death rate and the lowest proportion of fish that reached their full reproductive *** also uncovered an intriguing pattern of sex-specific phenotype expression,because male hybrids expressed cave molly life histories,while female hybrids expressed surface molly life *** results provide evidence for strong selection against hybrids in the cave molly system,but also sug-gest a complex pattern of sex-specific(opposing)dominance,with certain surface molly genes being dominant in female hybrids and certain cavemollygenes beingdominant in malehybrids.

关键词： dominance life-history evolution local adaptation postzygotic isolation selection against hybrids.

Comparative analysis of microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable Mg-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser melting and spark plasma sintering

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.Minárik M.Zemková s.Šašek J.Dittrich M.Knapek F.Lukáˇc D.Koutný J.Jaroš r.Král Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of Machine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable magnesium alloy Mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy techniques–spark plasma sintering(sPs)and selective laser melting(sLM).The powder material was consolidated by both methods utilising optimised parameters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the sLM material and unmeasurably low porosity in the sPs *** main aim of the study was the thorough microstructure characterisation and interrelation between the microstructure and the functional properties,such as mechanical strength,deformability,and corrosion *** materials showed comparable strength of∼110 MPa in tension and compression and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the sLM and sPs materials,*** corrosion resistance of the sPs material in 0.1 M NaCl solution was superior to the sLM one and comparable to the conventional extruded *** digital image correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dominant negative effect on the functional properties of the sLM *** the other hand,one of the primary outcomes of this study is that the sPs consolidation method is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in material with convenient mechanical and degradation properties that might find practical applications.

关键词： Magnesium Yttrium Powder metallurgy Microstructure Mechanical strength Corrosion resistance

Approach for C1 to C2 products commencing from carbon dioxide: A brief review

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PETrOLEUM 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： Dey, G. r. Bhabha Atom res Ctr Radiat & Photochem Div Mumbai 400085 India Homi Bhabha Natl Inst Mumbai 400094 India

The carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion to useable compounds remains a great contest to scientists, engineers, and environmentalists with regard to the reverse of the oxidative degradation of organics. This conversion is essential for the development of complementary fuels and raw materials for various industries, which in turn will help in avoiding the drastic increase in tropospheric temperature due to greenhouse effect leading to global warming. The solar energy is the earth's essential power source along with the other various forms of energy for example fossil fuels, hydropower, wind, and biomaterials, etc. The final goal is to establish the artificial photosynthesis, which can be replicated thru various chemical reduction techniques of CO2 by employing appropriate photo-, thermal- and electro-catalysts in order to produce different one carbon atom (C-1) and higher carbon atoms containing products. Besides, the utilization of clean and sustainable CO2 towards high-value products is of great interest today due to the recognized environmental worries and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the energy demand of mankind. This way, solar energy can directly and/or indirectly be altered and stored in chemical energy form for industrial as well as societal applications. In this article our endeavor is to summarize the advances in CO2 chemical reduction research area till date especially in free radical-based methods such as electrochemical, photochemical and plasma chemical for the development of carbon species up to two carbon (C-2) atoms containing products perceived in the chemical reduction of CO2. The author hopes that this piece of work will be helpful to researchers and readers who are focused on the field of CO2.

关键词： Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis Plasmolysis Thermolysis Carbon dioxide Chemical reduction PHOTOCATALYTIC CO2 rEDUCTION GAs sHIFT rEACTION METAL-OrGANIC FrAMEWOrKs EFFICIENT ELECTrOCHEMICAL rEDUCTION DIELECTrIC-BArrIEr DIsCHArGEs ION-EXCHANGE MEMBrANEs FOrMIC-ACID ELECTrOCATALYTIC rEDUCTION ATMOsPHErIC-PrEssUrE rOOM-TEMPErATUrE

Atomistic Investigation of shock-Induced Amorphization within Micro-shear Bands in Hexagonal Close-Packed Titanium

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1590-1600页

作者： Z.C.Meng K.G.Wang T.Ali D.Li C.G.Bai D.s.Xu s.J.Li A.H.Feng G.J.Cao J.H.Yao Q.B.Fan H.Wang r.Yang Institute of Metal research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China school of Materials science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Interdisciplinary Centre for Additive Manufacturing(ICAM) School of Materials and ChemistryUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China school of Materials science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China National Key Laboratory of science and Technology on Materials Under shock and Impact School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401135China

The mechanical response of a single crystal titanium sample against(0001)α surface impact was investigated using molecular dynamics ***,non-uniform plastic deformation was observed in the *** high strain rates,amorphization occurred near the edge of the contact region where severe shear strain induced a large number of stacking faults(sFs)and *** contrast,the central part of the contact region underwent less deformation with significantly fewer ***,instead of amorphization by consuming sFs and dislocations,there was a gradual increase in the density of dislocations and sFs during the process of *** local amorphous regions eventually grew into shear bands.

关键词： shock compression Amorphization shear band Titanium Molecular dynamics

Tensor force impact on shell evolution in neutron-rich si and Ni isotopes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 95-106页

作者： s.V.sidorov A.s.Kornilova T.Yu.Tretyakova Faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

The influence of the tensor interaction of nucleons on the characteristics of neutron-rich silicon and nickel isotopes was studied in this *** forces are considered within the framework of the Hartree-Fock approach with the skyrme *** addition of a tensor component of interaction is shown to improve the description of the splittings between different single-particle states and decrease nucleon-nucleon pairing correlations in silicon and nickel *** attention was directed toward the role of isovector tensor forces relevant to the interaction of like nucleons.

关键词： nuclear shell model tensor interaction silicon isotopes nickel isotopes

The emerging role of exercise as a cancer treatment

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第4期13卷 443-444页

作者： Kerry s.Courneya Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2H9Canada

Over the past few decades,exercise oncology has emerged as an important subfield within exercise *** that time,substantial progress has been made in understanding the role of exercise in people newly diagnosed with ca... 详细信息

关键词： cancer treatment exercise

A review on the recent Trends of Image steganography for VANET Applications

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 2865-2892页

作者： Arshiya s.Ansari Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Image steganography is a technique of concealing confidential information within an image without dramatically changing its outside *** vehicular ad hoc networks(VANETs),which enable vehicles to communicate with one another and with roadside infrastructure to enhance safety and traffic flow provide a range of value-added services,as they are an essential component of modern smart transportation *** steganography has been suggested by many authors for secure,reliable message transfer between terminal/hope to terminal/hope and also to secure it from attack for privacy *** paper aims to determine whether using steganography is possible to improve data security and secrecy in VANET applications and to analyze effective steganography techniques for incorporating data into images while minimizing visual quality *** to simulations in literature and real-world studies,Image steganography proved to be an effectivemethod for secure communication on VANETs,even in difficult network *** this research,we also explore a variety of steganography approaches for vehicular ad-hoc network transportation systems like vector embedding,statistics,spatial domain(sD),transform domain(TD),distortion,masking,and *** study possibly shall help researchers to improve vehicle networks’ability to communicate securely and lay the door for innovative steganography methods.

关键词： steganography image steganography image steganography techniques information exchange data embedding and extracting vehicular ad hoc network(VANET) transportation system

^(4)He monolayer on graphene:a quantum Monte Carlo study

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 149-157页

作者： s Yu M Boninsegni Department of Physics University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2H5Canada

We revisit the problem of adsorption of a single^(4)He layer on graphene,focusing on the commensurate(C_(1/3))crystalline phase,specifically on whether it may possess a nonzero superfluid response,and on the existence of superfluid phases,either(metastable)liquid or vacancy-doped *** make use of canonical quantum Monte Carlo simulations at zero and finite temperature,based on a realistic microscopic model of the *** results confirm the absence of any superfluid response in the commensurate crystal,and that no thermodynamically stable uniform phase exists at lower *** evidence of a possibly long-lived,metastable superfluid phase at C_(1/3)coverage is ***,the results of ground-state projection methods and finite-temperature simulations are entirely consistent.

关键词： superfluidity low-dimensional systems quantum Monte Carlo helium supersolids

Changes in snow cover extent in the Central Taurus Mountains from 1981 to 2021 in relation to temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric teleconnections

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第1期21卷 49-67页

作者： Ecmel ErLAT Fulya AYDIN-KANDEMİr Department of Geography Ege UniversityIzmir 35100Türkiye Climate Change and Zero Waste Department Antalya Metropolitan MunicipalityAntalya 07310Türkiye Hydropolitics Association Ankara 06680Türkiye

The snow cover over the Taurus Mountains affects water supply, agriculture, and hydropower generation in the region. In this study, we analyzed the monthly snow Cover Extent(sCE) from November to April in the Central Taurus Mountains(Bolkar, Aladaglar, Tahtali and Binboga Mountains) from 1981 to 2021. Linear trends of snow cover season(November to April) over the last 41 years showed decreases in sCE primarily at lower elevations. The downward trend in sCE was found to be more pronounced and statistically significant for only November and March. sCE in the Central Taurus Mountains has declined about-6.3% per decade for 2500-3000 m in November and about-6.0% per decade for 1000-1500 m and 3000+ m in March over the last 41 years. The loss of sCE has become evident since the 2000s, and the lowest negative anomalies in sCE have been observed in 2014, 2001, and 2007 in the last 41 years, which are consistent with an increase in air temperature and decreased precipitation. sCE was correlated with both mean temperature and precipitation, with temperature having a greater relative importance at all elevated gradients. results showed that there is a strong linear relationship between sCE and the mean air temperature(r =-0.80) and precipitation(r = 0.44) for all elevated gradients during the snow season. The Arctic Oscillation(AO), the North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO), and the Mediterranean Oscillation(MO) winter indices were used to explain the year-to-year variability in sCE over the Central Taurus Mountains. The results showed that the inter-annual variability observed in the winter sCE on the Central Taurus Mountains was positively correlated with the phases of the winter AO, NAO and MO, especially below 2000 m elevation.

关键词： snow cover extent Atmospheric teleconnection Central Taurus Mountains Air temperature and precipitation Geographic Information systems Türkiye