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Cellular interplay to 3D in vitro microphysiological disease model:cell patterning microbiota-gut-brain axis

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 320-357页

作者： Kamare Alam Lakshmi nair souvik Mukherjee Kulwinder Kaur Manjari singh santanu Kaity Velayutham ravichandiran sugato Banerjee subhadeep roy Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Assam UniversitySilchar 788011India Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Guru Ghasidas UniversityKoniBilaspur 495009C.G.India school of Pharmacy and Biomolecular sciences RCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublin D02 YN77Ireland Tissue Engineering research Group Department of Anatomy and Regenerative MedicineRCSI University of Medicine and Health SciencesDublin D02 YN77Ireland Department of Pharmaceutics National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India Department of Natural Products National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchKolkataWest Bengal 700054India

The microbiota-gut-brain axis(MGBA)has emerged as a key prospect in the bidirectional communication between two major organ systems:the brain and the *** between the two organ systems allows the body to function without disease,whereas dysbiosis has long-standing evidence of etiopathological *** most common communication paths are the microbial release of metabolites,soluble neurotransmitters,and immune ***,each pathway is intertwined with a complex *** the emergence of in vitro models and the popularity of three-dimensional(3D)cultures and Transwells,engineering has become easier for the scientific understanding of neurodegenerative *** paper briefly retraces the possible communication pathways between the gut microbiome and the *** further elaborates on three major diseases:autism spectrum dis.r.er,Parkinson’s disease,and Alzheimer’s disease,which are prevalent in children and the *** diseases also decrease patients’quality of ***,understanding them more deeply with respect to current advances in in vitro modeling is crucial for understanding the *** of MGBA in the laboratory uses many molecular technologies and biomaterial *** and organoids provide a more realistic picture of the cell and tissue s.r.cture than *** them with the Transwell system offers the advantage of compartmentalizing the two systems(apical and basal)while allowing physical and chemical cues between ***-edge technologies,such as bioprinting and microfluidic chips,might be the future of in vitro modeling,as they provide dynamicity.

关键词： Microbiota-gut-brain axis Neurodegeneration 3D disease model Organoid Transwell system

Multiplexed fluorescence and scatter detection with single cell resolution using on-chip fiber optics for droplet microfluidic applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： Preksha Gupta Ambili Mohan Apurv Mis.r. Atindra nair Neeladri Chowdhury Dhanush Balekai Kavyas.r.e rai Anil Prabhakar Taslimarif saiyed Discovery Innovation Accelerator Centre for Cellular and Molecular PlatformsBellary RoadBengaluru560065KarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036Tamil NaduIndia

Droplet microfluidics has emerged as a critical component of several high-throughput single-cell analysis techniques in biomedical research and *** significant progress in the development of individual assays,multiparametric optical sensing of droplets and their encapsulated contents has been *** current approaches,most commonly involving microscopy-based high-speed imaging of droplets,are technically complex and require expensive ins.r.mentation,limiting their wides.r.ad *** address these limitations,we developed the OptiDrop platform;this platform is a novel optofluidic setup that leverages the principles of flow *** platform enables on-chip detection of the scatter and multiple fluorescence signals from the microfluidic droplets and their contents using optical *** highly customizable on-chip optical fiber-based signal detection system enables simplified,miniaturized,low-cost,multiparametric sensing of optical signals with high sensitivity and single-cell resolution within each *** demons.r.te the ability of the OptiDrop platform,we conducted a differential expression analysis of the major histocompatibility complex(MHC)protein in response to IFNγ*** results showed the platform’s ability to sensitively detect cell s.r.ace biomarkers using fluorescently labeled ***,the OptiDrop platform combines the versatility of flow cytometry with the power of droplet microfluidics to provide wide-ranging,scalable optical sensing solutions for research and diagnostics.

关键词： scatter enable resolution

Health systems s.r.ngthening to Tackle the Global Burden of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: A Diagonal Approach

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第2期19卷 131-138页

作者： Dominique Vervoort Amy Verstappen sreehari Madhavankutty nair Chong Chin Eu Bis.r. Zheleva Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Division of Cardiac s.r.ery University of TorontoTorontoCanada Global Alliance for rheumatic and Congenital Hearts PhiladelphiaUSA Department of Health s.r.ices Government of KeralaKeralaIndia Minis.r. of Health PutrajayaMalaysia Children’s HeartLink MinneapolisUSA

1 Background Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common major congenital anomaly,affecting approximately one in every 100 live births[1].Among congenital anomalies,66%of preventable deaths are due to CHD,and 58%of the avertable morbidity and mortality due to congenital anomalies would result from scaling congenital heart s.r.ery s.r.ices[2].Every year,nearly 300,000 children and adults die from CHD,the majority of whom live in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)[3].Approximately 49%of all individuals with CHD will require s.r.ical or interventional care at some point in their lifetime[4];as a result of advances in access to and the delivery of such s.r.ices,over 95%of children born with CHD in high-income countries now live into adulthood[3].Here,adults have s.r.assed children in the number of CHD cases at a ratio of 2:1[5].

关键词： Congenital heart disease pediatric heart disease global health health systems health policy

Tubularized incised plateurethroplasty and grafted tubularized incised plate urethroplasty: systematic review, metaanalysis and trial sequential analysis

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World Journal of Pediatric s.r.ery 2024年第1期7卷 10-19页

作者： Nitinkumar Borkar Charu Tiwari Abhijit nair Debajyoti Mohanty C K sinha Jai Kumar Mahajan Paediatric s.r.ery All India Institute of Medical Sciences-RaipurRaipurChhattisgardhIndia Department of Anaesthesiology Ibra HospitalbraOman General s.r.ery All India Institute of Medical Sciences-RaipurRaipurChhattisgardhIndia Paediatric s.r.ery St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Pediatric s.r.ery PGIMERChandigarhIndia

Background Hypospadias is one of the most common genital birth *** are around 300 various techniques available for the repair of *** study aims to compare the reported outcomes of Tubularized incised plate urethroplasty(TIP)and Grafted TIP(GTIP)repair in children undergoing primary *** This meta-analysisadhered to Preferred reporting Items for systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,and we framed our research question using the population,intervention,control and outcomes *** conducted comprehensive electronic searches across various databases,employing a Boolean search s.r.tegy with predefined search *** randomized controlled trials.r.Ts)were included for quantitative *** Totally,10 rCTs met our inclusion criteria for quantitative *** results indicated that urethrocutaneous fistula,glans dehiscence,and s.r.cture rates were comparable between the two *** incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the GTIP group with a relative risk(rr)of 0.32(95%confidence interval(Cl)0.15 to 0.67).Conclusion The coucomes UCF,glans dehiscence,and s.r.cture rates were comparable between the two ***,the incidence of meatal stenosis was found to be significantly lower in the grafted TIP *** terms of operative time,our quantitative synthesis demons.r.ted that the TIP group had a shorter operative time than the GTIP group with significant heterogeneity.

关键词： plate grafted analysis

Influence of quenching medium on the dendrite morphology,hardness,and tribological behaviour of cast Cu-Ni-sn spinodal alloy for defence application

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 83-100页

作者： Bipin sankar Karthik V shankar Vamu sunil Hemanth Kashyap s Nikhil nair Adarsh A.nair Abhinav P M Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmritapuriIndia

Cu-Ni-sn spinodal alloys(spinodal bronze)are potential materials with robust applications in components associated with defence applications like bearings,propellers,bushes,and shafts of heavily loaded aircraft,off-road vehicles,and *** paper presents a comparative study using water,Brine solution,and sAE 40 oil as the quenching media in regular bronze(Cu-6sn)and spinodal bronze(Cu-9Ni-6sn)*** analysis was conducted by optical microscopy,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray diffraction technique(XrD)on bronze and spinodal bronze samples immersed in the three different quenching media to understand the grain size and hardness values *** analysis was performed to analyze the effect of quenching media on the wear aspects of bronze and spinodal bronze *** hardness value of the brine-aged spinodal bronze samples was as high as 320 Hv,and the grain size was very low in the range of 60μm.A quantitative comparison between brine-aged regular bronze and brine-aged spinodal bronze showed that the hardness(Hv)was almost 80%higher for brine-aged spinodal ***,the grain size was approximately 30%finer for spinodal bronze when compared with regular *** the load was increased in spinodal bronze samples,there was an initial dip in wear rate followed by a marginal *** was a steady increase in friction coefficient with a rise in load for brine-aged regular bronze and spinodal bronze *** results indicate that brine solution is the most effective quenching medium for cast Cu-Ni-sn spinodal alloys.

关键词： Quenching Water Brine sAE 40 oil Grain size Hardness Wear rate spinodal decomposition Cusn spinodal alloy CuNisn

A combination of learning and non-learning based method for enhancement, compression and recons.r.ction of underwater images

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2022年第2期7卷 201-210页

作者： rashmi s.nair sandanam Domnic Department of Computer Applications National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliTamil Nadu620015India

Complex nature of underwater environment poses biggest challenge towards image acquisition and transmission of underwater *** paper proposes an integrated approach which consists of a non-learning enhancement method with deep Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)for compression and recons.r.ction of the *** proposed method does color and contrast correction for image *** enhanced images are down-sampled using 9-layer CNN followed by Dis.r.te Wavelet Transform(DWT).The decompression is done by using Inverse ***,the sub-pixel up-sampled image is de-blurred using a three-layer *** Dense CNN(rD-CNN)is used to improve the quality of the recons.r.cted image after *** quality of the recons.r.cted images is meas.r.d using Peak signal to Noise ratio(Ps.r.and s.r.ctural similarity Index Metric(ssIM).The proposed model provides better image enhancement,compression,and recons.r.ction quality than the existing state-of-the-art methods and super resolution CNN(srCNN)respectively.

关键词： Convolutional neural network Dis.r.te wavelet transform residual dense convolutional neural network Peak signal to noise ratio s.r.ctural similarity index metric super resolution CNN

s.r.ctural,magnetic and antibacterial properties of manganese-substituted magnetite ferrofluids

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第7期30卷 1417-1426页

作者： Blessy Babukutty Deepalekshmi Ponnamma swapna s.nair Jiya Jose s.r.tha G.Bhat sabu Thomas Department of Physics Central University of KeralaKasargod 671314India Materials science and Technology Program College of Arts and SciencesQatar UniversityP.O.Box 2713DohaQatar Department of Biotechnology Cochin University of Science and TechnologyKalamasseryKeralaIndia Department of Chemis.r. Mahatma Gandhi UniversityKottayam 686560KeralaIndia

Manganese-substituted magnetite ferrofluids(FFs)Mnx Fe_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4)(x=0–0.8)were prepared in this work through a chemical coprecipitation *** controlled growth of FF nanomaterials for antibacterial activities is challenging,and therefore,very few reports are available on the *** research focuses on stabilizing aqueous FFs with the tetramethylammonium hydroxide s.r.actant to achieve high *** characterization reveals nanoparticles of 5–11 nm formed by the chemical reaction and nanocrystalline nature,as evident from s.r.ctural ***-substituted magnetic FFs are analyzed for their s.r.ctural,functional,and antibacterial performance according to the Mn-substituent *** studies show a high blue shift for Mn^(2+)-substituted Mnx Fe_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4)with the theoretical correlation of optical band gaps with the Mn *** superparamagnetic nature of substituted FFs causes zero coercivity and remanence,which consequently influence the particle size,cation dis.r.bution,and spin *** s.r.ctural and functional performance of the FFs is correlated with the antibacterial activity,finally demons.r.ting the highest inhibition zone formation for Mnx Fe_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4)FFs.

关键词： manganese ferrofluids homogeneity antibacterial stability

Effect of adrenalectomy on rat epididymidis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第4期4卷 273-279页

作者： Neena nair r.s. Bedwal r.s. Mathur Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 IndiaCell Biology Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 IndiaCell Biology Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302 004 India

AIM: To investigate the effect of adrenalectomy (ADX) on the epididymidis of s.r.gue-Dawley rats. METHODs: The histological, biochemical (cholesterol protein, zinc, copper, alkaline and acid phosphatase aryl sulphatase, lactic dehydrogenase and leucine amino peptidase) and hormonal (FsH, LH and testosterone) changes of caput and cauda epididymis in ADX rats were obs.r.ed. rEsULTs: Organ wet weight, histological studies and morphometric meas.r.ments indicated a cellular degeneration in caput and cauda epididymis of ADX rats. s.r.m testosterone level was significantly lower in ADX than in sham-operated rats, while the s.r.m FsH and LH were below the detection limit of 1 mIU/mL. The enzymatic activity was higher in ADX than in sham-operated rats. Epididymal zinc level increased whereas copper level decreased in ADX rats compared to the sham-operated. CONCLUsION: Adrenalectomy leads to degeneration of caput and cauda epididymidis epithelial cells as a result of decreased supply of testosterone.

关键词： Adrenalectomy Acid Phosphatase Alkaline Phosphatase Animals Arylsulfatases Cholesterol Comparative study Copper Epididymis Follicle stimulating Hormone L-Lactate Dehydrogenase Leucyl Aminopeptidase Luteinizing Hormone Male Organ size rats rats, s.r.gue-Dawley reference Values research support, Non-U.s. Gov't Testosterone Time Factors Zinc

Effect of adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone on ventral prostate of rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2001年第4期3卷 289-300页

作者： Neena nair r.s.Bedwal r.s.Mathur Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004 IndiaCell Biology Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004 IndiaCell Biology Laboratory Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur 302004 India

Aim: To study the effects of adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone on the ventral prostate of sD rats. Methods: Inadrenalectomised (ADX) and ADX + hydrocortisone (1, 2, or 4 mg) treated rats, the prostatic histology and thecholesterol, protein, zinc, and copper levels and the enzymic profile (acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, aryl sul-phatase, lactic dehydrogenase, and leucine aminopeptidase) in the prostatic tissue were determined; the s.r.m hormon-al profile (testosterone, FsH and LH) was also assayed. results; Adrenalectomy caused a progressive degenerationin prostatic s.r.cture that was not reversed by hydrocortisone treatment. The s.r.m testosterone were significantly lowerin ADX than in sham operated rats and lower in ADX + hydrocortisone than in ADX-C rats (P s.r.mFsH and LH were below the detection limit of 1 mIU/mL. The enzymatic activity was higher in ADX than in sham op-erated rats and higher in ADX + hydrocortisone than in ADX-C rats (Prostatic zinc levels weresignificantly higher in sham operated than in ADX, and higher in ADX-C than in ADX + hydrocortisone rats (P rostatic copper level was significantly lower in sham operated than in ADX, and lower in ADX-C thanin the ADX + hydrocortisone rats (P sion; In rats, adrenalectomy leads to pathological and func-tional changes of the prostate. Hydrocortisone treatment at the doses employed did not reverse these changes. (Asian JAndrol 2001 Dec; 3: 289 - 300)

关键词： adrenalectomy ventral prostate hydrocortisone testosterone FsH LH cholesterol zinc copper acid phosphatase alkaline phosphatase aryl sulphatase lactic dehydrogenase leucine aminopeptidase