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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1081-1096页

作者： Machiraju Jayalakshmi s.nagaraja rao Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering JNTUA AnantapuramuAndhra PradeshIndia Department of ECE G.Pulla Reddy Engineering College(Autonomous)KurnoolAndhra PradeshIndia

In recent years,the development in the field of computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)has increased *** traditional machine learning algorithms have been proposed for identifying the pathological brain using magnetic resonance *** existing algorithms have drawbacks with respect to their accuracy,efficiency,and limited learning *** address these issues,we propose a pathological brain tumour detection method that utilizes the Weiner filter to improve the image contrast,2D-discrete wavelet transformation(2D-DWT)to extract the features,probabilistic principal component analysis(PPCA)and linear discriminant analysis(LDA)to normalize and reduce the features,and a feed-forward neural network(FNN)and modified particle swarm optimization(MPsO)with ant colony optimization(ACO)to improve the accuracy,stability,and overcome fitting issues in the classification of brain magnetic resonance *** proposed method achieves better results than other existing algorithms.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transformation ant colony optimization feed-forward neural network linear discriminant analysis

Assessment of high-gain quadratic boost converter with hybrid-based maximum power point tracking technique for solar photovoltaic systems

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Clean Energy 2022年第4期6卷 632-645页

作者： Veerabhadra s.nagaraja rao M s Ramaiah University of Applied sciences Department of Electrical EngineeringBangaloreIndia

solar photovoltaic(sPV)modules have a low output voltage and are ***,it is critical that the sPV system has an adequate DC-DC converter to regulate and improve the output voltage to get maximum output *** meet load requirements,the voltage must be increased,necessitating the use of energy-efficient power electronic *** performance of an sPV system coupled to a high-gain quadratic boost converter(HG-QBC)with a load is investigated in this *** suggested HG-QBC for the sPV system at a lower value of duty ratio provides high voltage gain with a boost factor of four *** analytical comparison is carried out with the various existing boost converters in terms of the components and the boost *** issue of locating the maximum power generation point from the sPV system is *** a result,choosing an appropriate maximum power point tracker(MPPT)-based technique to obtain the peak power output of the sPV system under the rapidly varying atmospheric conditions is *** determine the highest output power of an sPV system,a hybrid-based MPPT with a neural network assisted by a perturb and observe(P&O)technique is *** the HG-QBC,a comparison of the proposed MPPT with a traditional P&O-based MPPT is *** comparative analysis takes into account rise time,settling time and voltage *** output voltage and power characteristics of the proposed model are analysed under constant and varying irradiation conditions using MATLAB®/simulink®.The results of a hybrid-based MPPT show that the oscillations are minimum at the maximum power point with fewer ripples of 0.20%and a settling time of 1.2 s in comparison with the other two techniques.

关键词： neural network maximum power point tracker renewable energy sources power electronic converters solar photovoltaic and high-gain quadratic boost converter

switching angle optimization and fault analysis of a multistring-multilevel inverter for renewable-energy-source applications

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Clean Energy 2022年第6期6卷 907-930页

作者： savitha M s.nagaraja rao Ms Ramaiah University of Applied sciences Department of Electrical EngineeringBangaloreIndia

In this paper,a multistring-multilevel inverter(M-MLI)for renewable-energy-source applications has been proposed with reduced switch count and harmonics along with single-switch fault analysis for various *** requires only‘m+1’power switches for‘m’voltage *** proposed work achieves the fine-tuning of switching angles using a metaheuristic technique,*** teaching-learning-based optimization algorithm(TLBOA),to mitigate the total harmonic distortion(THD)of the ***,the proposed TLBOA has been compared with conventional modulation techniques such as equal phase(EP),half-equal phase(HEP),near-level control(NLC)and Newton-Raphson(NR)to verify the effectiveness of TLBOA for various voltage levels in terms of%voltage-THD(%V-THD),computational time and *** fine-tuning the switching angles,the%V-THD is improved significantly when compared with EP,HEP,NLC and NR modulation *** an 11-level single-phase M-MLI,the%V-THD using TLBOA at 0.91 modulation index(MI)is 5.051%.The lower-order harmonics,i.e.5,7,11 and 13,are eliminated to improve the power ***,MLIs are often prone to failure,resulting in waveform *** extreme reduction in power quality impacts the load and significant damage is *** location of the open-circuit fault to be identified becomes more tedious under the faulty conditions with increased switch counts and voltage levels since the mathematical modelling fails to address the scenario in less computational ***,the machine-learning approach,*** vector machine(sVM)with Bayesian optimization,has been discussed to locate the faulty ***,the proposed M-MLI configuration has been modelled,simulated and validated using MATLAB®and simulink®.The results of the M-MLI configuration have been verified for 7,9 and 11 levels using TLBOA along with fault analysis using the sVM approach.

关键词： TLBO fault resilience multistring-multilevel inverters renewable-energy applications

Wind energy conversion system using perturb&observe-based maximum power point approach interfaced with T-type three-level inverter connected to grid

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Clean Energy 2022年第4期6卷 534-549页

作者： Pranupa s A.T.sriram s.nagaraja rao M s Ramaiah University of Applied sciences BangaloreIndia

In this paper,the performance of a permanent magnet synchronous generator(PMsG)-based wind energy conversion system(WECs)supplied to an uncontrolled rectifier-fed boost converter(BC)interfaced with a three-phase T-type three-level inverter(TLI)has been *** proposed WECs involves three converters,namely an uncontrolled rectifier that is used for conversion from AC to DC;a BC supplied by a PMsG-fed rectifier used to enhance the voltage gain;and a grid-connected three-phase T-type TLI is proposed to eliminate power-quality issues with synchronization of grid voltage and *** main goal of this research is to model and control the grid-connected T-type TLI using a d-q synchronous frame for wind energy for regulating the DC-link voltage and transferring the generated wind power from the BC to the ***,the perturb&observe(P&O)-based maximum power point(MPP)approach is recommended to keep track of the MPP for a BC that is supplied from a PMsG-based WECs under constant and variable wind *** proposed PMsG-based WECs interfaced with grid-connected T-type TLI using d-q control has been computationally modelled,simulated and validated with constant and variable speeds using MATLAB®and simulink®.It is confirmed that the P&O-based MPP approach ensures maximum power for varying wind speeds,and the total harmonic distortion of the T-type TLI grid current value is 3.18%,which is within IEEE-519 ***,with grid synchronization,the power factor of the T-type TLI is maintained at unity to avoid power-quality issues.

关键词： boost converter grid synchronization perturb&observe T-type three-level inverter wind turbine

Performance analysis of multiple gain boost converter with hybrid maximum power point tracker for solar PV connected to grid

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Clean Energy 2021年第4期5卷 655-672页

作者： B.M.Kiran Kumar M.s.Indira s.nagaraja rao M s Ramaiah University of Applied sciences Department of Electrical EngineeringBangaloreIndia-560058

This paper analyses the performance of a multiple gain boost converter(MGBC)connected to a solar photovoltaic(sPV)system with a grid-tied *** capacitor inductor capacitor(CLC)-based MGBC is integrated to lift the output voltage of the sPV to the required *** voltage lifts/levels in a boost converter(BC)are based on the number of CLC *** suggested MGBC is compared with various conventional BCs in terms of boost factor and component count.A hybrid fuzzy logic-perturb&observe maximum power point tracker(HFL-P&O MPPT)developed is used to monitor P_(max)(maximum power)generated by the ***,a comparative analysis of the suggested MPPT with a conventional P&O and fuzzy logic-based(FLB)MPPT for a CLC-based MGBC is *** comparison is made in terms of rise time,voltage ripples(%),steady-state time and boost *** output characteristics of the developed model for different irradiation conditions are analysed using the MATLAB/simulink *** MPPT simulation result exhibits minimum oscillations at MPP and a significantly better rise time of 0.015 s when compared with a conventional MPPT and FLB *** proposed CLC-MGBC gives an appreciable boost factor of *** generated sPV power is supplied to the grid through a conventional inverter and synchronized using a phase-locked loop *** total harmonic distortion of 1.66%obtained in the output current of the inverter is within the permissible range of the IEEE standards.

关键词： CLC-MGBC FLB MPPT Grid-tie inverter sPV THD

Interleaved high-gain boost converter powered by solar energy using hybrid-based MPP tracking technique

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Clean Energy 2022年第3期6卷 460-475页

作者： s.nagaraja rao suresh Kumar Anisetty B.M.Manjunatha B.M.Kiran Kumar V.Praveen Kumar s.Pranupa Ms Ramaiah University of Applied sciences Department of Electrical EngineeringBangaloreIndia RGM College of Engineering and Technology(Autonomous) NandyalIndia

This paper presents a solar-powered interleaved high-gain boost converter(IHGBC)that increases voltage gain with fewer ripples in the output voltage in comparison to existing DC-DC *** goal of this research is to develop a hybrid-based maximum power point tracking(MPPT)approach with the combination of a flower pollination(FP)algorithm assisted with a perturb&observe(P&O)MPPT approach for solar photovoltaic(sPV)systems integrated with *** ensure effective usage of both FP and P&O algorithms,this study incorporates and validates the hybrid-based MPPT *** proposed solar-powered IHGBC with a hybrid-based MPPT algorithm has been computationally modelled and simulated using MATLAB®and simulink®for both uniform and non-uniform irradiation and analysed for voltage gain,ripples in the output waveforms and convergence *** proposed hybrid-based MPPT is based on a number of flowers that forecast the initial global peak,assisted by P&O in the last stage for faster convergence to attain the maximum power point(MPP).As a result,the hybrid-based MPPT approach alleviates the computational issues encountered in P&O and FP-based MPP *** proposed hybrid MPPT is compared with conventional MPPT for sPV and the results show that the solar-powered IHGBC using a hybrid-based MPPT technique has negligible oscillations of 0.14%with a high-voltage gain of 7.992 and a fast convergence rate of 0.05 seconds compared to individual P&O-based MPPT and FP-based MPPT *** simulation results of the proposed MPPT with IHGBC outperform the conventional MPPT with high-gain converters.

关键词： flower pollination interleaved high-gain boost converter maximum power point tracking technique perturb&observe solar photovoltaic

Infrared small target detection based on spatial attention density peaks searching

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第2期21卷 90-96页

作者： rao Junmin LU siyu LIU shijian LI Fanming CAs Key Laboratory of Infrared system Detection and Imaging Technology Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics University of Chinese Academy of sciences shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Information science and Technology Shanghai Tech University

The detection of small targets poses a significant challenge for infrared search and tracking (IRsT) systems,as they must strike a delicate balance between accuracy and *** this paper,we propose a detection algorithm based on spatial attention density peaks searching (sADPs) and an adaptive window selection ***,the difference-of-Gaussians (DoG) filter is introduced for preprocessing raw infrared ***,the image is processed by ***,an adaptive window selection scheme is applied to obtain window templates for the target scale ***,the small target feature is used to enhance the target and suppress the ***,the true targets are segmented through a *** experimental results show that compared with the seven state-of-the-art small targets detection baseline algorithms,the proposed method not only has better detection accuracy,but also has reasonable time consumption.

关键词： Infrared imaging

Passive activity enhances residual control ability in patients with complete spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2337-2347页

作者： Yanqing Xiao Mingming Gao Zejia He Jia Zheng Hongming Bai Jia-sheng rao Guiyun song Wei song Xiaoguang Li Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Evaluation China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijingChina Cardiac Center Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina The state Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and systems Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rehabilitation Engineering China Rehabilitation Science InstituteBeijingChina

Patients with complete spinal cord injury retain the potential for volitional muscle activity in muscles located below the spinal injury ***,because of prolonged inactivity,initial attempts to activate these muscles may not effectively engage any of the remaining neurons in the descending pathway.A previous study unexpectedly found that a brief clinical round of passive activity significantly increased volitional muscle activation,as measured by surface *** this study,we further explored the effect of passive activity on surface electromyographic signals during volitional control tasks among individuals with complete spinal cord *** patients with chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury were *** electromyography data from eight major leg muscles were acquired and compared before and after the passive activity *** results indicated that the passive activity led to an increased number of activated volitional muscles and an increased frequency of *** the cumulative root mean square of surface electromyography amplitude for volitional control of movement showed a slight increase after passive activity,the difference was not statistically *** findings suggest that brief passive activity may enhance the ability to initiate volitional muscle activity during surface electromyography tasks and underscore the potential of passive activity for improving residual motor control among patients with motor complete spinal cord injury.

关键词： complete spinal cord injury cycle training epidural electrical stimulation motor training passive activity physiological state spinal cord circuit surface electromyography volitional control task

A Novel Image Encryption Technique Based on Inter Block Difference

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Journal of shanghai Jiaotong university(science) 2021年第4期26卷 488-493页

作者： THAMANAM srinivasa rao Potti nagaraja B.Balaji Naik K.Manjunathachari Department of EECE Gandhi Institute of Technology and ManagementHyderabadTelangana502329India

Data security plays a vital role in the current scenario due to the advanced and sophisticated data access techniques. Present development in data access is always a threat to data that are stored in electronic devices. Among all the forms of data, image is an important aspect that still needs methodologies to be stored securely. This work focuses on a novel technique to secure images using inter block difference and advanced encryption standard (AEs). The AEs algorithm is chosen for encryption since there is no prevalent attack that is successful in analyzing it. Instead of encrypting the entire image, only a part of the image is encrypted. The proposed work is found to reduce the encryption overhead in a significant way and at the same time preserves the safety of the image. It is also observed that the decryption is done in an efficient and time preserving manner.

关键词： encryption decryption inter block difference advanced encryption standard(AEs)

Drugs for Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAsH): Quest for the Holy Grail

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第1期9卷 40-50页

作者： Mithun sharma Madhumita Premkumar Anand V Kulkarni Pramod Kumar D Nageshwar Reddy nagaraja Padaki rao Department of Hepatology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabadIndia Department of Hepatology PGIMERChandigarhIndia Department of Gastroenterology Asian Institute of GastroenterologyHyderabadIndia

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global epidemic that is likely to become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the next decade, worldwide. Though numerous drugs have been evaluated in clinical trials, most of them have returned inconclusive results and shown poorly-tolerated adverse effects. None of the drugs have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating biopsy-proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAsH). Vitamin E and pioglitazone have been extensively used in treatment of biopsy-proven nondiabetic NAsH patients. Although some amelioration of inflammation has been seen, these drugs did not improve the fibrosis component of NAsH. Therefore, dietary modification and weight reduction have remained the cornerstone of treatment of NAsH;moreover, they have shown to improve histological activity as well as fibrosis. The search for an ideal drug or ‘Holy Grail’ within this landscape of possible agents continues, as weight reduction is achieved only in less than 10% of patients. In this current review, we summarize the drugs for NAsH which are under investigation, and we provide a critical analysis of their up-to-date results and outcomes.

关键词： Fatty liver NAFLD NAsH Obeticholic acid saroglitazar