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High efficiency production and genomic in situ hybridization analysis of Brassica aneuploids and homozygous plants

science China(Life sciences) 2003年第1期46卷 104-112页

作者：李再云 M.Ceccarelli s.minelli A.Contento 刘焰 P.G.Cionini National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement Department of AgronomyHuazhong Agricultural University Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Perugia

Interspecific and intergeneric hybridizations have been widely used in plant genetics and breeding to construct stocks for genetic analysis and to introduce into crops the desirable traits and genes from their relatives. The intergeneric crosses between Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss., B. carinata A. Braun and Orychophragmus violaceus (L.) O. E. schulz were made and the plants produced were subjected to genomic in situ hybridization analysis. The mixoploids from the cross with B. juncea were divided into three groups. The partially fertile mixoploids in the first group (2n = 36—42) mainly contained the somatic cells and pollen mother cells (PMCs) with the 36 chromosomes of B. juncea and additional chromosomes of O. violaceus. The mixoploids (2n = 30—36) in the second and third groups were morphologically quite similar to the mother plants B. juncea and showed nearly normal fertility. The plants in the second group produced the majority of PMCs (2n = 36) with their chromosomes paired and segregated normally, but 1—4 pairs of the O. violaceus chromosomes were included in some PMCs. The plants in the third group produced only PMCs with the 36 B. juncea chromosomes, which were paired and segregated normally. The mixoploids (2n = 29—34) from the cross with B. carinata produced the majority of PMCs (2n = 34) with normal chromosome pairing and segregation, but some plants had some PMCs with 1—3 pairs of chromosomes from O. violaceus and other plants had only PMCs with the B. carinata chromosomes. The Brassica homozygous plants and aneuploids with complete or partial chromo-some complements of Brassica parents and various numbers of O. violaceus chromosomes were derived from these progeny plants. The results in this study provided the molecular cytogenetic evidence for the separation of parental genomes which was previously proposed to occur in the hybridizations of these two genera.

关键词： Brassica species, Orychophragmus violaceus, aneuploids, intergeneric hybrids, genome separation.

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高频率产生芸苔属非整倍体和纯合植株及基因组原位杂交分析

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中国科学（C辑） 2002年第3期32卷 218-224,T001页

作者：李再云刘焰 M.Ceccarelli s.minelli A.Contento P.G.Cionini 华中农业大学农学系作物遗传改良国家重点实验室武汉430070 Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology University of Perugia

进行了芥菜型油菜（Brassica　juncea（L.）Czern.＆　Coss.）和埃塞俄比亚芥（*** ***）与新油料植物资源诸葛菜（Orychophrogmus　violacus（L.）***）之间的属间杂交,并对产生的后代植株进行了基因组原位杂交分析.结果表明,芥菜型油... 详细信息

进行了芥菜型油菜（Brassica　juncea（L.）Czern.＆　Coss.）和埃塞俄比亚芥（*** ***）与新油料植物资源诸葛菜（Orychophrogmus　violacus（L.）***）之间的属间杂交,并对产生的后代植株进行了基因组原位杂交分析.结果表明,芥菜型油菜与诸葛菜的杂交后代由3类混倍体组成,第一类的体细胞和花粉母细胞（PMC）主要含有芥菜型油菜的36条染色体和附加的诸葛菜染色体（2n=36～44）;第二类（2n=30～36）主要产生具有芥菜型油菜染色体的PMC（2n=36）和1～4对芥菜型油菜染色体被诸葛菜染色体所代换的代换型PMC（2n=36）;第三类（2n=30～36）植株的PMC则只具有芥菜型油菜染色体（2n=36）.而埃塞俄比亚芥与诸葛菜的杂交后代由两类混倍体（2n=29～34）组成,第一类的绝大多数PMC的染色体数目（2n=34）及行为与母本埃塞俄比亚芥植株的一样,只是部分PMC包含1～3对诸葛菜染色体,而第二类的PMC只具有埃塞俄比亚芥的34条染色体.从以上杂种的后代中获得了芸苔属亲本种的附加系、代换系、亚倍体和纯合植株.这些结果为在尝苔属与诸葛菜属间杂交中可能发生的亲本种染色体组分开现象提供了分子细胞遗传学证据.

关键词：纯合植株基因组原位杂交芸苔属诸葛菜非整倍体属间杂种染色体组分开植物遗传育种油料植物

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Revisiting cerebral endothelial cells in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2911-2912页

作者： Amira s.Hanafy Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by slow and progressive decline of cognitive and memory *** only approximately 5%of the cases,AD is familial,as often predisposed by genetic mutations(Hoogmartens et al.,2021),while sporadic AD accounts for approximately 95%of the *** amyloid cascade hypothesis is one of the fundamental hypotheses put out to explain AD pathogenesis as dysregulated homeostasis of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptides that leads to the accumulation of Aβplaques in the parenchyma,an anatomical hallmark of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ cerebral

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Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao Michael s.Wolfe Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-secretase,called“the proteasome of the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface *** inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as ***,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates,the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage byγ-*** this review,we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms ofγ-*** mechanisms,including the“Fit-stay-Trim,”“sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics *** an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successfully capturedγ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates byγ-*** addition,controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is ***,an outlook is provided for future studies ofγ-secretase,including pathways of substrate binding and product release,effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein cryo-EM structures drug design intramembrane proteolysis molecular dynamics Notch

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Complementary roles of glial cells in generating region-specific neuroinflammatory responses and phagocytosis in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2917-2918页

作者： Leyre Ayerra Maria s.Aymerich Universidad de Navarra Facultad de CienciasDepartamento de Bioquímica y GenéticaPamplonaSpain CIMA-Universidad de Navarra PamplonaSpain IdisNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de NavarraPamplonaSpain

Neuroinflammation is associated with Parkinson’s disease:Reactive gliosis and neuroinflammation are hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease(PD),a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic *** has long been considered a mere consequence of neuronal loss,but whether it promotes PD or is a key player in disease progression remains to be *** leukocyte antigen.

关键词： inflammation leukocyte generating

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Predictive calculations of gas solubility and permeability in glassy polymeric membranes： An overview

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Frontiers of Chemical science and Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 405-413页

作者： Matteo minelli Maria G. De Angelis Giulio C. sarti Department of Civil Chemical Environmental and Materials Engineering Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna Bologna 28-40131 Italy

The possibility to evaluate in a predictive way the relevant transport properties of low molecular weight species, both gases and vapors, in glassy polymeric membranes is inspected in detail, with particular attention to the methods recently developed based on solid thermodynamic basis. The solubility of pure and mixed gases, diffusivity and permeability of single gases in polymer glasses are examined, considering in particular poly（2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide） as a relevant test case. The procedure clearly indicates what are the relevant physical properties of the polymer matrix and of the penetrants required by the calculations, which can be obtained experimentally through independent measurements. For gas and vapor solubility, the comparison with direct experimental data for mixed gases points out also the ability to account for the significant variations that solubility-selectivity experiences upon variations of pres- sure and/or feed composition. For gas and vapor perme- ability, the comparison with direct experimental data shows the possibility to account for the various different trends observed experimentally as penetrant pressure is increased, including the so-called plasticization behavior. The procedure followed for permeability calculations leads also to clear correlations between permeability and physical properties of both polymer and penetrant, based on which pure predictive calculations are reliably made.

关键词： solubility permeability glassy polymers NELF model diffusion

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A systematic review of progenitor survival and maturation in Parkinsonian models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3172-3178页

作者： Giulia Comini Eilís Dowd Pharmacology&Therapeutics and Galway Neuroscience Center University of GalwayGalwayIreland

stem cell-based brain repair is a promising emergent therapy for Parkinson's disease based on years of foundational research using human fetal donors as a cell *** current therapeutic options for patients,this approach has the potential to provide longterm stem cell–derived reconstruction and restoration of the dopaminergic input to denervated regions of the brain allowing for restoration of certain functions to *** ultimate clinical success of stem cell–derived brain repair will depend on both the safety and efficacy of the approach and the latter is dependent on the ability of the transplanted cells to survive and differentiate into functional dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinsonian *** the pre-clinical literature suggests that there is considerable variability in survival and differentiation between studies,the aim of this systematic review was to assess these parameters in human stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitor transplant studies in animal models of Parkinson's disease.A defined systematic search of the PubMed database was completed to identify relevant studies published up to March *** screening,76 articles were included in the analysis from which 178 separate transplant studies were *** these,graft survival could be assessed in 52 studies and differentiation in 129 ***,we found that graft survival ranged froms transplanted,with a median of 51%of transplanted cells surviving in the brain;while dopaminergic differentiation of the cells ranged from 0% to 46% of cells transplanted with a median of 3%.This systematic review suggests that there is considerable scope for improvement in the differentiation of stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors to maximize the therapeutic potential of this approach for patients.

关键词： cell replacement therapy differentiation embryonic stem cells graft induced pluripotent stem cells Parkinson's disease survival transplant

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Deciphering the mechanobiology of microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced microsystems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès sylvain Gabriele Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced microsystems in traumatic brain injury research:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)results from a mechanical insult to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and subsequently causing a secondary *** minutes ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage

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Understanding activity of butyrate at a cellular level

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2323-2324页

作者： Prapti Chakraborty Angela s.Laird Macquarie University Motor Neuron Disease Research Centre Macquarie Medical SchoolFaculty of MedicineHealth and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia

Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid of four carbons in length that is a by-product produced by the microbial fermentation of dietary fiber and undigested carbohydrates within the *** the years,butyrate has attracted ... 详细信息

关键词： carbons butyrate fiber

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Microglial dysfunction and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： Debra s.MacDonald Jay Penney Department of Biomedical sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases remains far from com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and financial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases

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