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Microglial dysfunction and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： Debra s.MacDonald Jay Penney Department of Biomedical sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases remains far from com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and financial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases

Viscosity,NMR Diffusometry and Light scattering Data for Aqueous and Aqueous-salt solutions of Poly(1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2025年第2期43卷 380-391页

作者： Petr A.Korchak Polina s.Yarchenko Evgenia A.safonova Alina s.Koneva Alexey I.Victorov st.Petersburg state University St.Petersburg 199034Russia

Poly(1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide)is a polymerized ionic liquid(PILs),a relatively new class of materials that combines the attractive properties of ionic liquids(ILs)and polyelectrolytes and finds wide *** backbone of this PIL is composed of quaternary imidazolium salts,which are among the most promising and popular ***,little is known about the physicochemical characteristics of the aqueous solutions of this *** this study,we synthesized and characterized samples of this PIL and obtained experimental data on the viscosity,static and dynamic light scattering,and nuclear magnetic resonance diffusometry for aqueous and aqueous KBr solutions with varying polymer contents at T=298.15 *** discuss the effects of the polymer concentration and salinity on the behavior of the solution.

关键词： Polymerized ionic liquid Polyelectrolyte solutions Viscosity Light scattering NMR diffusometry

Plasma sheet stretching accompanied by field aligned energetic ion fluxes observed by the NUADU instrument aboard TC-2

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Chinese science Bulletin 2007年第12期52卷 1719-1723页

作者： LU Li s. mckenna-lawlor s. BARABAsH LIU ZhenXing CAO JinBin J. BALAZ K. KUDELA T. L. ZHANG C. M. CARR Centre for space science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China space Technology Ireland National University of Ireland Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland swedish Institute of space Physics Kiruna Sweden Institute of Experimental Physics Kosice Slovakia space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences Graz Austria Imperial College of science London United Kingdom

NUADU (中立原子察觉者单位) 在 TC-2 上的仪器记录了在 thenear 地球血浆表盘旋在磁场线附近的控告的粒子(E>180 keV ) 的 4nsolid 角度图象(在 ~-7 R_E，赤道的 dawn-to-night 方面) 在地磁气的暴风雨(Dst=-219 nT ) 期间在 2005 年 8... 详细信息

NUADU (中立原子察觉者单位) 在 TC-2 上的仪器记录了在 thenear 地球血浆表盘旋在磁场线附近的控告的粒子(E>180 keV ) 的 4nsolid 角度图象(在 ~-7 R_E，赤道的 dawn-to-night 方面) 在地磁气的暴风雨(Dst=-219 nT ) 期间在 2005 年 8 月 24 日。对称的、似环的、稳固的角度分布在周围的磁场线附近描绘的精力充沛的离子横梁事件被 theTC-2 太空船在血浆表的 34-minutetraversal 期间观察。另外，观察被磁强计实验(FGM ) 在一样的太空船上在血浆表的这些多重十字路口期间监视。在每个十字路口期间，口哨声模式合唱团改进被 TC-2 低频率电磁波察觉者(LFEW/TC-2 ) 就在本地更低的混血儿的上面在频率在各向异性的区域观察波浪。离子的比较与这块地里的改进排列了的周围的磁场表演搭角度分发(垫) 地图精力充沛的离子流动被尾巴病房在血浆表拉长磁场线伴随。相反，垂直离子流动改进被在血浆表显示磁场线的相应收缩的签名伴随。因为平行离子流动和垂直离子流动改进间歇地发生了，数据被解释暗示磁场线的一个动态、摆动的过程(拉长并且缩小)在thenear地球血浆表，它可能行动了帮助在将支持在进行中的磁性的暴风雨期间被触发的连续 aurora-substorm 的这个区域建立一个相互作用区域。Thewhistler 模式合唱团可能在血浆表压缩以后在粒子沥青角度散开期间由于离子旋转罗盘回声被生产了。

关键词：近地等离子体片螺旋角分布离子流氖中立原子探测装置大气科学

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基于中性原子通量数据的磁暴期间环电流研究

地球物理学报 2012年第3期55卷 727-737页

作者：陈志青沈超路立 s. mckenna-lawlor 刘振兴燕广庆中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室北京100190 中国科学院研究生院地球科学学院北京100049 爱尔兰大学空间技术学院 MaynoothCo.Kildare爱尔兰

本文通过分析两次大磁暴期间的中性原子(ENA)通量数据,试图揭示环电流离子通量的变化规律,进一步探讨环电流的形成和损失机制,以及磁暴和亚暴的关系.两次磁暴期间ENA通量的变化呈现出一些重要的特征:(1)通量随能量的增高而快速降低,磁... 详细信息

本文通过分析两次大磁暴期间的中性原子(ENA)通量数据,试图揭示环电流离子通量的变化规律,进一步探讨环电流的形成和损失机制,以及磁暴和亚暴的关系.两次磁暴期间ENA通量的变化呈现出一些重要的特征:(1)通量随能量的增高而快速降低,磁暴主相期间高能端通量所占比重增大;(2)通量比例曲线的起伏远比通量曲线的起伏要平缓;(3)通量的起伏与AE指数之间没有简单的对应关系;(4)磁暴恢复相开始前,ENA通量出现短时间的猛烈增长,特别是低能端通量的增长异常迅速;(5)Dst/sYM-H指数快速恢复期间,ENA通量的变化表现为两个完全不同的阶段:先降低,后增大.忽略影响ENA通量的其他次要因素,ENA通量的上述特征直接反映了环电流的发展规律.环电流离子通量随能量的增高快速下降,磁暴主相期间可能由于高能O+的增加使得能谱有所变硬.离子主要受南向行星际磁场(IMF)所引起的对流电场的驱动注入到环电流区域,通量的变化大体上是无色散的.亚暴活动与环电流的增长没有直接的因果关系,但亚暴活动会引起环电流离子通量的短时间尺度波动.恢复相开始前,环电流离子在昏侧区域发生堆积,使得局部离子通量变大.这可能是由于屏蔽电场的形成削弱了内磁层对流电场,造成离子在磁层顶的逃逸损失过程减弱.在Dst/sYM-H指数的快速恢复期间,环电流离子通量的衰减速度也可能发生阶段性变化.这说明Dst/sYM-H指数并不能准确反映环电流的强度,环电流的衰减过程可能具有比先快后慢更为复杂的阶段性模式.

关键词：环电流中性原子成像磁暴亚暴离子

Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDs/IPs for securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A s.K.B.sangeetha Department of Computer science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDs,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection system(IDs)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie Bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDsmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDs datasets CICIDs 2017,Honeypots,and NsL-KDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

Harnessing the HDAC–histone deacetylase enzymes,inhibitors and how these can be utilised in tissue engineering

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International Journal of Oral science 2019年第2期11卷 79-89页

作者： Liam lawlor Xuebin B. Yang Department of Oral Biology University of LeedsWellcome Trust Brenner BuildingSt. James’s University HospitalLeeds LS9 7TFUK Doctoral Training Centre in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute of Medical and Biological EngineeringSchool of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK

There are large knowledge gaps regarding how to control stem cells growth and *** limitations of currently available technologies,such as growth factors and/or gene therapies has led to the search of *** explore here how a cell’s epigenome influences determination of cell type,and potential applications in tissue engineering.A prevalent epigenetic modification is the acetylation of DNA core histone *** levels heavily influence gene *** deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes can remove these acetyl groups,leading to the formation of a condensed and more transcriptionally silenced *** deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) can inhibit these enzymes,resulting in the increased acetylation of histones,thereby affecting gene *** is strong evidence to suggest that HDACis can be utilised in stem cell therapies and tissue engineering,potentially providing novel tools to control stem cell *** review introduces the structure/function of HDAC enzymes and their links to different tissue types (specifically bone,cardiac,neural tissues),including the history,current status and future perspectives of using HDACis for stem cell research and tissue engineering,with particular attention paid to how different HDAC isoforms may be integral to this field.

关键词： HDAC can be cells gene has led DNA

Innovative dispersion techniques of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)through mechanical stirring and ultrasonication:Impact on morphological,mechanical,and thermal properties of epoxy nanocomposites

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 13-25页

作者： Vasi Uddin siddiqui s.M.sapuan Mohd Roshdi Hassan Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre(AEMC) Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaUPM SerdangSelangor 43400Malaysia Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Putra MalaysiaUPM SerdangSelangor 43400Malaysia

Graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)have attracted tremendous interest due to their unique properties and bonding *** study focuses on the effect of GNP dispersion on the mechanical,thermal,and morphological behavior of GNP/epoxy *** study aims to understand how the dispersion of GNPs affects the properties of epoxy nanocomposite and to identify the best dispersion approach for improving mechanical performance.A solvent mixing technique that includes mechanical stirring and ultrasonication was used for producing the *** transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the interaction between GNPs and the epoxy *** measurements of density and moisture content were used to confirm that GNPs were successfully incorporated into the *** findings showed that GNPs are successfully dispersed in the epoxy matrix by combining mechanical stirring and ultrasonication in a single step,producing well-dispersed nanocomposites with improved mechanical ***,the nanocomposites at a low GNP loading of 0.1 wt%,demonstrate superior mechanical strength,as shown by increased tensile properties,including improved Young's modulus(1.86 GPa),strength(57.31 MPa),and elongation at break(4.98).The nanocomposite with 0.25 wt%GNP loading performs better,according to the viscoelastic analysis and flexural properties(113.18 MPa).Except for the nanocomposite with a 0.5 wt%GNP loading,which has a higher thermal breakdown temperature,the thermal characteristics do not significantly *** effective dispersion of GNPs in the epoxy matrix and low agglomeration is confirmed by the morphological *** findings help with filler selection and identifying the best dispersion approach,which improves mechanical *** effective integration of GNPs and their interaction with the epoxy matrix provides the doorway for additional investigation and the development of sophisticated *** fiel

关键词： Graphene nanoplatelets Epoxy Nanocomposites Mechanical properties Thermal properties Mechanical stirrer sonication

Electrocardiogram signal Denoising Using Optimized Adaptive Hybrid Filter with Empirical Wavelet Transform

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Journal of shanghai Jiaotong University (science) 2025年第1期30卷 66-80页

作者： Balasubramanian, s. Naruka, Mahaveer singh Tewari, Gaurav Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Maharishi University of Information Technology Maharishi Vidya Mandir Lucknow226013 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering IEC College of Engineering and Technology Greater Noida201310 India Department of Electrical Communication Engineering School of Information and Communication Technology Gautam Buddha University Greater Noida201310 India

Cardiovascular diseases are the world’s leading cause of death;therefore cardiac health of the human heart has been a fascinating topic for decades. The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a comprehensive non-invasive method for determining cardiac health. Various health practitioners use the ECG signal to ascertain critical information about the human heart. In this article, swarm intelligence approaches are used in the biomedical signal processing sector to enhance adaptive hybrid filters and empirical wavelet transforms (EWTs). At first, the white Gaussian noise is added to the input ECG signal and then applied to the EWT. The ECG signals are denoised by the proposed adaptive hybrid filter. The honey badge optimization (HBO) algorithm is utilized to optimize the EWT window function and adaptive hybrid filter weight parameters. The proposed approach is simulated by MATLAB 2018a using the MIT-BIH dataset with white Gaussian, electromyogram and electrode motion artifact noises. A comparison of the HBO approach with recursive least square-based adaptive filter, multichannel least means square, and discrete wavelet transform methods has been done in order to show the efficiency of the proposed adaptive hybrid filter. The experimental results show that the HBO approach supported by EWT and adaptive hybrid filter can be employed efficiently for cardiovascular signal denoising. © shanghai Jiao Tong University 2023.

关键词： Least squares approximations

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB