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磁暴期间环电流离子中性原子成像的模拟与观测比较研究

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空间科学学报 2012年第2期32卷 182-190页

作者：陈志青沈超路立 s.mckenna-lawlor 刘振兴燕广庆中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心空间天气学国家重点实验室北京100190 中国科学院研究生院北京100049 space Technology Ireland National University of IrelandMaynoothCounty KildareIreland

采用已经建立的环电流离子解析模型,结合Chamberlain地冕中性层模型,研究了2004年11月一次大磁暴期间的环电流区域中性原子(ENA)图像.结果表明,模拟的ENA图像与TC-2卫星搭载的中性原子成像仪(NUAUD)的观测图像在方位角或地方时分布、高... 详细信息

采用已经建立的环电流离子解析模型,结合Chamberlain地冕中性层模型,研究了2004年11月一次大磁暴期间的环电流区域中性原子(ENA)图像.结果表明,模拟的ENA图像与TC-2卫星搭载的中性原子成像仪(NUAUD)的观测图像在方位角或地方时分布、高度或纬度分布和能谱分布方面存在一定的差异.如果依据磁暴发展的不同阶段来选择环电流离子模型的方位角不对称因子和通量最大方向的方位角,增大地冕中性层在低高度区域的密度或者考虑氢(H)以外的其他中性成分,改进注入边界处的离子能谱分布函数,且考虑不同种类环电流离子的比例随磁暴发展可能发生的变化,该模型有望产生更符合观测的模拟ENA图像.

关键词：环电流中性原子成像磁暴环电流模拟地冕中性层

Ring current injections associated with eastward gradient-B drift at high latitudes during a major storm on 15 May, 2005 Running title: A possible ring current injection path

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Ring current injections associated with eastward gradient-B ...

TC-2/中性原子成像仪观测到等离子体片纵向振荡

第十四届全国日地空间物理学术研讨会

作者： s.mckenna-lawlor s.Barabash K.Kudela J.Balaz G.D.Reeves space Technology Ireland National University of Ireland Maynooth Co.Kildare Ireland swedish Institute of space Physics Kiruna Sweden

A complete record is available in ENA data of ring current activity recorded by the NUADU instrument aboard TC-2 on 15 May, 2005 during a major magnetic storm (including a substorm that occurred in the recovery phase) (. Comparisons of the ion fluxes derived from ENA data in the energy ranges 50-81 keV and 81-158 keV with in situ particle fluxes measured by the LANL-sOPA instruments aboard LANL-01, LANL-02, LANL-97 and LANL-84 (a series of geosynchronous satellites that encircle the equatorial plane at 6.6 RE near the outer radiation belt) are presented. It is shown that ion injections into the ring current began from the dayside. During the storm the pressure of the solar wind compressed the magnetopause Earthward so that ions spiraling around magnetic field lines in the magnetosphere were energized on the dayside and flowed poleward along the magnetic field lines. It was deduced that energetic ions could drift eastward into the night side from the dusk side along the magnetic field gradient beyond Bz stward flowing ring current (ERC) in the polar regions. During the rising phase of the ring current, the ERC acted to restrain the growth of the accompanying negative sYM-H index, even causing it to reduce. This effect provides a diagnostic signature of the ERC. During the recovery phase of the storm the magnetosphere on the dayside expanded anti-Earthward, and those energetic ions collected in the dusk-night sector during the main phase of the storm were impelled at low latitudes (Bz > 0) under the westward gradient-B drift to pass through the dusk side to the dayside.

关键词： Energetic neutral atoms Ring current Energetic particles magnetic field gradient drift

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科学通报 2007年第5期52卷 502-506页

作者：路立 s.mckenna-lawlor s.Barabash 刘振兴曹晋滨 J.Balaz K.Kudela T.L.Zhang C.M.Carr 中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心北京100080 space Technology Ireland National University of Ireland Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland swedish Institute of space Physics Kiruna Sweden Institute of Experimental Physics Kosice Slovakia space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences Graz Austria Imperial College of science London United Kingdom

2005年8月24日磁暴期间(Dst=-219nT),TC-2卫星上的中性原子成像仪(NUADU)观测到了绕近地等离子体片区磁力线作螺旋运动的全空间4π立体角离子通量分布.在TC-2卫星历时34min的多次穿越等离子体片过程中,多个能量离子束事件均具有绕磁力... 详细信息

2005年8月24日磁暴期间(Dst=-219nT),TC-2卫星上的中性原子成像仪(NUADU)观测到了绕近地等离子体片区磁力线作螺旋运动的全空间4π立体角离子通量分布.在TC-2卫星历时34min的多次穿越等离子体片过程中,多个能量离子束事件均具有绕磁力线呈现两个对称环状离子通量分布特征.在每一次穿越等离子体片过程中低频波探测器(LFEW/TC-2)都探测到了频率略高于低混杂波摸的哨声波摸合声的增强.比较离子投掷角分布与磁场,我们发现场向能量离子通量增强总伴随有等离子体片磁力线的尾向拉伸;垂直磁力线方向的能量离子通量增强却伴随有等离子体片磁力线的地向压缩,并出现总磁场强度的峰值.由于平行和垂直磁力线的离子通量增强是间歇性地交替出现,探测数据揭示了一种近地等离子体片磁力线的纵向振荡(磁力线的尾向拉伸和地向收缩)过程,这有助于在近地等离子体片区域形成离子与场的相互作用区,从而触发磁暴期间的连续极光亚暴.

关键词：近地等离子体片投掷角分布能量离子通量哨声波摸合声

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy and neuromodulation techniques:a systematic review of progress and prospects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2218-2230页

作者： Rahul Mittal Keelin mckenna Grant Keith Evan mckenna Joana R.N.Lemos Jeenu Mittal Khemraj Hirani Diabetes Research Institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA school of Medicine and Public Health University of WisconsinMadisonWIUSA

Neuromodulation for diabetic peripheral neuropathy represents a significant area of interest in the management of chronic pain associated with this *** peripheral neuropathy,a common complication of diabetes,is characterized by nerve damage due to high blood sugar levels that lead to symptoms,such as pain,tingling,and numbness,primarily in the hands and *** aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of neuromodulatory techniques as potential therapeutic interventions for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy,while also examining recent developments in this *** investigation encompassed an array of neuromodulation methods,including frequency rhythmic electrical modulated systems,dorsal root ganglion stimulation,and spinal cord *** systematic review suggests that neuromodulatory techniques may be useful in the treatment of diabetic peripheral *** the advantages of these treatments will enable physicians and other healthcare providers to offer additional options for patients with symptoms refractory to standard pharmacologic *** these efforts,we may improve quality of life and increase functional capacity in patients suffering from complications related to diabetic neuropathy.

关键词： diabetes mellitus diabetic peripheral neuropathy neuromodulation neurostimulation therapy non-pharmacological treatment pain management

Close up observation and inversion of low-altitude ENA emissions during a substorm event

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science China Earth sciences 2019年第6期62卷 1024-1032页

作者： Li LU susan mckenna-lawlor Jan BALAZ National space science Center of the Chinese Academy of sciences space Technology Ireland Ltd. Maynooth Co.Kildare Institute of Experimental Physics

During a series of substorm events on November 12 2004, the Neutral Atom Detector Unit(NUADU) flying onboard the TC-2 spacecraft observed, close to perigee, bright low-altitude Energetic Neutral Atom(ENA) emissions from both north and south poles. Through utilizing high temporal and spatial resolution data inversion techniques we present here a global view the associated processes of energetic ion deposition and injection at the uniquely high temporal resolution of a few minutes. It is demonstrated that the ENA emissions observed came mainly from the, low-altitude, high magnetic latitude polar region. since precipitating ions follow magnetic field lines and have more chance to produce ENA emissions through charge exchange ***, the employment of a low-orbit satellite to record at high temporal and spatial resolution ENA image data is inferred to be the best way to monitor those dynamic ring current variations that occur during geomagnetic activity.

关键词： Low-altitude ENA emissions ENA image inversion Pitch angle distribution Ion injection Ion deposition

Iterative inversion of global magnetospheric information from energy neutral atom (ENA) images recorded by the TC-2/NUADU instrument

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science China(Technological sciences) 2008年第10期51卷 1731-1744页

作者： s. mckenna-lawlor s. BARABAsH J. BALAZ space Technology Ireland National University of Ireland Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland swedish Institute of space Physics Kiruna Sweden space Technology Ireland National University of Ireland Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland Institute of Experimental Physics Kosice Slovakia

A method is presented for retrieving the magnetospheric ion distribution from En-ergetic Neutral Atom (ENA) measurements made by the NUADU instrument on the TC-2 spacecraft. Based on the already well-established method of constrained lin-ear inversion, an iterance technique suitable for the low count ENA measurements has been developed which is tolerant of the noise background. By the iterance technique, it is possible for the first time to simultaneously retrieve the magneto-spheric ion distribution and the exospheric neutral density, and further to recover global ENA emissions in three dimensions. The technique is applied to a repre-sentative ENA image recorded in energy channel 2 (protons: 50―81 keV) of the NUADU instrument during a major geomagnetic storm and it is, thereby, shown that the retrieval method developed provides a useful tool for extracting ion distribution information from ENA data.

关键词： Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) ring current magnetospheric ions exospheric neutral density

The causal sequence investigation of the ring current ion-flux increasing and the magnetotail ion injection during a major storm

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science China Earth sciences 2016年第10期59卷 129-144页

作者： LU Li s.mckenna-lawlor CAO JinBin K KUDELA J BALAZ National space science Center of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100190China space Technology Ireland National University of IrelandMaynoothCo.KildareIreland school of Astronautics Beijing University of Aeronautics andAstronauticsBeijing 100191China Institute of Experimental Physics KosiceSlovakia

Comprehensive records are available in ENA data of ring current activity recorded by the NUADU instrument aboard TC-2 on 15 May, 2005 during a major magnetic storm （which incorporated a series of substorms）. Ion fluxes at 4-min temporal resolution derived from ENA data in the energy ranges 50-81 and 81-158 keV are compared with in situ particle fluxes measured by the LANL-sOPA instruments aboard LANL-01, LANL-02, LANL-97, and LANL-84 （a series of geostationary satellites that encircle the equatorial plane at -6.6 RE）. Also, magnetic fields measured simultaneously by the magetometers aboard GOEs-10 and GOEs-12 （which are also geostationary satellites） are compared with the particle data. It is demonstrated that ion fluxes in the ring current were enhanced during geomagnetic field tailward stretching in the growth phases of substorms rather than after Earthward directed dipolarization events. This observation, which challenges the existing concept that ring current particles are injected Earthward from the magnetotail following dipolarization events, requires further investigation using a large number of magnetic storm events.

关键词： Energetic neutral atoms Ring current Energetic particles Energetic ions injection

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地磁亚暴期间低高度ENA辐射事件的抵近观测与反演

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中国科学：地球科学 2019年第5期49卷 838-847页

作者：路立 susan mckenna-lawlor Jan BALAZ 中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间环境探测研究室北京100190 space Technology Ireland Ltd.Maynooth Co. space Technology Ireland Ltd.Maynooth Co. Institute of Experimental Physics

2004年11月12日的系列地磁亚暴期间, TC-2卫星上的中性原子成像仪(NUADU)在飞临近地点附近的南、北极上空观测到低高度能量中性原子(ENA)辐射.通过对高时空分辨探测数据的反演,我们首次给出亚暴期间环电流能量离子沉降和注入过程的全球... 详细信息

2004年11月12日的系列地磁亚暴期间, TC-2卫星上的中性原子成像仪(NUADU)在飞临近地点附近的南、北极上空观测到低高度能量中性原子(ENA)辐射.通过对高时空分辨探测数据的反演,我们首次给出亚暴期间环电流能量离子沉降和注入过程的全球视场展示,展示的时间分辨率高达1min.探测结果表明,观测到的ENA辐射主要来自低高度、高纬极区.由于沉降能量离子沿磁力线运动,在该区域通过电荷交换产生ENA的几率更大.因此,利用低轨道卫星探测高时间和高空间分辨率的ENA成像数据是监测地磁活动期间环电流离子动力学过程演化的最佳方法.

关键词：低高度ENA辐射 ENA图像反演投掷角分布离子注入离子沉降

Plasma sheet stretching accompanied by field aligned energetic ion fluxes observed by the NUADU instrument aboard TC-2

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Chinese science Bulletin 2007年第12期52卷 1719-1723页

作者： LU Li s. mckenna-lawlor s. BARABAsH LIU ZhenXing CAO JinBin J. BALAZ K. KUDELA T. L. ZHANG C. M. CARR Centre for space science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China space Technology Ireland National University of Ireland Maynooth Co. Kildare Ireland swedish Institute of space Physics Kiruna Sweden Institute of Experimental Physics Kosice Slovakia space Research Institute Austrian Academy of Sciences Graz Austria Imperial College of science London United Kingdom

NUADU (中立原子察觉者单位) 在 TC-2 上的仪器记录了在 thenear 地球血浆表盘旋在磁场线附近的控告的粒子(E>180 keV ) 的 4nsolid 角度图象(在 ~-7 R_E，赤道的 dawn-to-night 方面) 在地磁气的暴风雨(Dst=-219 nT ) 期间在 2005 年 8... 详细信息

NUADU (中立原子察觉者单位) 在 TC-2 上的仪器记录了在 thenear 地球血浆表盘旋在磁场线附近的控告的粒子(E>180 keV ) 的 4nsolid 角度图象(在 ~-7 R_E，赤道的 dawn-to-night 方面) 在地磁气的暴风雨(Dst=-219 nT ) 期间在 2005 年 8 月 24 日。对称的、似环的、稳固的角度分布在周围的磁场线附近描绘的精力充沛的离子横梁事件被 theTC-2 太空船在血浆表的 34-minutetraversal 期间观察。另外，观察被磁强计实验(FGM ) 在一样的太空船上在血浆表的这些多重十字路口期间监视。在每个十字路口期间，口哨声模式合唱团改进被 TC-2 低频率电磁波察觉者(LFEW/TC-2 ) 就在本地更低的混血儿的上面在频率在各向异性的区域观察波浪。离子的比较与这块地里的改进排列了的周围的磁场表演搭角度分发(垫) 地图精力充沛的离子流动被尾巴病房在血浆表拉长磁场线伴随。相反，垂直离子流动改进被在血浆表显示磁场线的相应收缩的签名伴随。因为平行离子流动和垂直离子流动改进间歇地发生了，数据被解释暗示磁场线的一个动态、摆动的过程(拉长并且缩小)在thenear地球血浆表，它可能行动了帮助在将支持在进行中的磁性的暴风雨期间被触发的连续 aurora-substorm 的这个区域建立一个相互作用区域。Thewhistler 模式合唱团可能在血浆表压缩以后在粒子沥青角度散开期间由于离子旋转罗盘回声被生产了。

关键词：近地等离子体片螺旋角分布离子流氖中立原子探测装置大气科学