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Impact of indoor heat load and natural ventilation on thermal comfort of radiant cooling system:An experimental study

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Energy and Built Environment 2023年第5期4卷 543-556页

作者： K Dharmasastha D.G.Leo samuel s.m.shiva nag.ndr m.P.maiya Department of mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiTamil Nadu 600036India Barghest Building Performance Pte.Ltd. 118535Singapore Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasRefrigeration and Air ConditioningChennai 600036India Department of Building Enivironment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong

Construction and operation of buildings are responsible for about 20%of the global energy *** embodied energy of conventional buildings is high due to the utilization of energy-intensive construction mate-rials and traditional construction *** operational energy is attributed to the usage of power-consuming conventional air-conditioning ***,moving to an energy-efficient cooling technology and eco-friendly building material can lead to significant energy savings and CO 2 emission *** the present study,an energy-efficient thermally activated building system(TABs)is integrated with glass fiber rein-forced gypsum(GFRG),an eco-friendly building *** proposed hybrid system is termed the thermally activated glass fiber reinforced gypsum(TAGFRG)*** system is not only energy-efficient and eco-friendly but also provides better thermal *** experimental room with a TAGFRG roof is constructed on the premises of the Indian Institute of Technology madras(IITm),Chennai,located in a tropical wet and dry climate *** influence of indoor sensible heat load and the impact of natural ventilation on the thermal comfort of the TAGFRG system are *** increase in internal heat load from 400 to 700 W deteriorates the thermal comfort of the indoor *** is evident from the increases in operative temperatures from 29.8 to 31.5℃ and the predicted percentage of dissatisfaction from 44.5%to 80.9%.Natural ventilation increases the diurnal fluctuation of indoor air temperature by 1.6 and 1.9℃ for with and without cooling cases,*** reduces the maximum indoor CO 2 concentration from 912 to 393 ppm.

关键词： Thermally activated building system Air-conditioning Natural ventilation Thermal comfort Indoor air quality

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Comparative Evaluation and Performance Analysis of Heat Exchangers Featured with Peened surface

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Journal of Thermal science 2025年第1期 50-61页

作者： DINEsHBABU Chinnadurai shiva sANKARAN Nallasamy VENKATEsH RAJA Krishnan VENKATEsH Rathinavelu Department of mechanical Engineering Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology Department of mechanical Engineering Selvam College of Technology Department of mechanical Engineering Sona College of Technology Department of mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS)Saveetha University

Heat exchangers have the potential for various engineering applications,and their performance is enriched by surface *** proposed system enriches the heat exchanger's performance by adapting a peened stainless steel（ss） surface blasted with copper,grinding,sand,and *** influences peened ss surface modified with a copper blast,grinding,sandblast,and iron blast on the surface morphology of shell and tube heat exchanger surface（sTHE） is analyzed via tungsten heated cathode electron gun featured scanning electron microscope and observed coarse grain *** ss surface featured sTHE performance is experimentally evaluated by different flow rates（30,60,90,and 120 L/min） underwater fluid medium functioned by the temperature ranges of 25-75℃ and its results are compared with computational fluid dynamic（CFD）/heat transfer research（HTRI） analyzed *** 60 L/min flow rate was spotted as an optimum value for both shell and tube side *** sTHE is operated with a 60 L/min flow rate under the different peened surfaces and evaluated its stanton number,Nusselt number,logarithmic mean temperature difference（LmTD）,overall heat transfer coefficient,number of transfer units（NTU）,effectiveness,and exergy *** iron blasted ss peened surface was observed to have better sHTE performance like stanton number（0.0012）,Nusselt number（2180）,reduced LmTD of 31℃,improved overall heat transfer co-efficient of 2400 W/（m2·K）,better NTU of 0.5532,good effectiveness value of 0.451 62,and hiked exergy efficiency of 10% respectively.

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Non-Newtonian effect on natural convection flow over cylinder of elliptic cross section

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第2期41卷 361-382页

作者： P.nag m.m.mOLLA m.A.HOssAIN Department of mathematics and Physics North South UniversityDhaka 1229Bangladesh Center for Applied scientific Computing(CAsC) North South UniversityDhaka 1229Bangladesh Department of mathematics University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh

The non-Newtonian effect in the boundary layer flow over a horizontal elliptical cylinder is investigated numerically. A modified power-law viscosity model is used to correlate the non-Newtonian characteristics of the fluid flow. For natural convectionflows, the surface of the cylinder is maintained by the uniform surface temperature(UsT)or the uniform heat flux(UHF) condition. The governing equations corresponding to theflow are first transformed into a dimensionless non-similar form using suitable transformations. The resulting equations are solved numerically by an efficient finite difference scheme. The numerical results are presented for the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number with the eccentric angle for different values of the power-law index n. The local skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are found to be higher and lower, respectively, for the shear thickening fluids(n > 1) than the other fluids(n≤1).The effects of different elliptical configurations on the average Nusselt number are also presented and discussed for both conditions of the surface temperature.

关键词： non-Newtonian fluid free convection boundary layer elliptical cylinder

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Experimental Evaluation of a multistage Reciprocating Evaporative Cooler Performance for Varied Climatic Conditions

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Journal of Thermal science 2023年第4期32卷 1523-1535页

作者： sampath sURANJAN sALINs s.V.KOTA REDDY shiva KUmAR school of Engineering and IT Manipal Academy of Higher EducationDubai CampusDubaiPO 345050UAE mechanical Engineering Department VIT-AP UniversityAmaravatiAndra Pradesh52223India Department of mechanical and manufacturing Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal576104India

Current system focuses on design&construction of a multistage reciprocating evaporative cooling test *** packings that are used will undergo the reciprocating action,powered by the cam follower mechanism maintained at an actual rotation *** dry bulb temperature&humidity values are varied to replicate the varying climatic conditions,and the output parameters such as cooling load,evaporation rate(ER),humidification efficiency(HE),coefficient of performance(COP)are *** results showed that as inlet humidity raises,the performance of system *** the rise in the camshaft speed or packing velocity,there is an upsurge in the performance until a cam speed of 10 r/min or packing velocity of 0.083 m/s and with further increases in the value,overall performance *** system gave a maximum COP,ER,and HE equal to 3.80,73.87%,and 0.53 g/kg respectively.A rise in the inlet air temperature yielded a maximum change in dry bulb temperature of 8.2℃.Overall,results indicated that evaporative cooling is more effective in arid climates than the cold and humid *** quality test is performed to measure CO_(2),Total Volatile Organic Compound(TVOC),and Formaldehyde(HCHO),and it is found that humidified air entering the defined space is of excellent quality.

关键词： multistage humidifier evaporative cooling reciprocating packing humidification efficiency

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Low-energy ion channeling in nanocubes

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1522-1526页

作者： shiva Choupanian Wolfhard möller martin seyring Carsten Ronning Institute of solid state Physics Friedrich Schiller University JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstraße 40001328 DresdenGermany Otto schott Institute of materials Research Friedrich Schiller University JenaLoebdergraben 3207743 JenaGermany

Focused ion beam(FIB)processing with low-energy ions has become a standard technique for the manipulation of *** underlying ion beam effects that deviate from conventional high-energy ion irradiation of bulk systems are considered today;however,ion channeling with its consequence of significant deeper penetration depth has been only theoretically investigated in this *** present here an experimental approach to determine the channeling of low-energy ions in crystalline nanoparticles by measuring the sputter yield derived from scanning electron microscopy(sEm)images taken after irradiation under various incident ion *** maps of 30 and 20 keV Ga+ions in Ag nanocubes have been identified and fit well with the ***,channeling has a significant impact on the transport of energetic ions in crystals due to the large critical angle at low ion energies,thus being relevant for any ***,the obtained sputter yield clearly differs from amorphous materials;therefore,it is recommended not to rely only on,e.g.,ion distribution depths predicted by standard monte-Carlo(mC)algorithms for amorphous materials.

关键词： ion nanostructure interaction ion channeling metallic nanoparticles focused ion beam

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A stability-indicating LC–ms/ms method for zidovudine: Identification,characterization and toxicity prediction of two major acid degradation products

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2017年第4期7卷 231-236页

作者： Prashant s.Devrukhakar m.shiva shankar G.shankar R.srinivas school of Advance sciences Vellore Institute of technology (VIT) National Centre for mass spectrometry CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology

Zidvovudine(AZT) is a nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor(NRTI), a class of anti-retroviral drug. A stability-indicating assay method for AZT was developed in line with ICH guideline. successful separation of AZT and its degradation products was achieved by gradient elution mode on reverse phase C_(18) column using 10 mm ammonium acetate: acetonitrile as the mobile phase at 0.8 mL/min flow rate, 25 μL injection volume, 30 °C column temperature and 285 nm detection wavelength. Two major acid degradation products were identified and characterized by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(LC–EsI/ms/ms) and accurate mass measurements. The probable mechanisms for the formation of degradation products were identified based on a comparison of the fragmentation pattern of the [m + H]^+ions of AZT and its degradation products. One of the degradation products, DP-1, was isolated by semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) using Waters XBridge Prep C_(18)(250 mm×10 mm, 5 μm).Degradation products showed higher toxicity compared to the drug in some models assessed by TOPKAT software. The method validation was performed with respect to robustness, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy as per ICH guideline Q2(R1).

关键词： Zidvovudine stability study Degradation products In-silico toxicity prediction LC–EsI/ms/ms Degradation pathway

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Choice of providers for treating a neglected tropical disease:an empirical analysis of kala azar in Nepal

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2011年第3期4卷 234-240页

作者： shiva Raj Adhikari siripen supakankunti m mahmud Khan Patan multiple Campus Tribhuvan UniversityNepal Faculty of Economics Chulalongkorn UniversityThailand Tulane University New OrleansUSA

Objective:To examine the choice of healthcare providers for treating kala azar(KA) in Nepal. methods:Information was collected from clinically diagnosed KA patients seeking care from public hospitals located in KA endemic *** survey collected information from more than 25 percent of total KA cases in the *** empirical estimation of probability of choosing a provider-type as a first contact healthcare provider,a multinomial logit model was defined with five alternative options with self care as the reference ***:The empirical model found that price of medical care services,income of households,knowledge of patients on KA and KA treatment,borrowing money,age of patient,perceived quality of provider types,*** the likelihood of seeking care from the alternative options considered in the *** variables have expected signs and are *** with earlier *** price and income elasticity were found to be very high indicating that poorer households are very sensitive to price and income changes,even for a severe disease like *** the empirical models, we have analyzed two policy instruments:demand side financing and interventions to improve the knowledge index about ***:Due to high price elasticity of KA care and high spillover effects of KA on the society,policy makers may consider demand side financing as an instrument to encourage utilization of public hospitals.

关键词： Neglected tropical disease Kala azar Nepal

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Generation of nanomaterials by reactive laser-synthesis in liquid

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science China(Physics,mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第7期65卷 3-47页

作者： Laysa m.Frias Batista Ashish nag Victoria K.meader Katharine moore Tibbetts Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmond VA 23284USA

Nanomaterials with tailored structures and surface chemistry are in high demand, as these materials play increasingly important roles in biology, catalysis, energy storage, and manufacturing. Their heightened demand has attracted attention towards the development of synthesis routes, particularly, laser-synthesis techniques. These efforts drove the refinement of laser ablation in liquid(LAL) and related methods over the past two decades and have led to the emergence of reactive laser-synthesis techniques that exploit these methods’ characteristic, non-equilibrium conditions. Reactive laser-synthesis approaches foster unique chemical reactions that enable the formation of composite products like multimetallic nanoparticles, supported nanostructures, and complex minerals. This review will examine emerging reactive laser-synthesis methods in the context of established methods like *** focus will be on the chemical reactions initiated within the laser plasma, with the goal of understanding how these reactions lead to the formation of unique nanomaterials. We will provide the first systematic review of laser reaction in liquid(LRL) in the literature, and bring a focus to the chemical reaction mechanisms in LAL and reactive-LAL techniques that have not yet been emphasized in reviews. Discussion of the current challenges and future investigative opportunities into reactive laser-synthesis will impart guidance for researchers interested in designing reactive laser-synthesis approaches to novel nanomaterial production.

关键词： laser ablation in liquids laser reduction in liquids nanoparticles

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Investigations of the effects of particle morphology on granular material behaviors using a multi-sphere approach

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Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2020年第6期12卷 1301-1312页

作者： shiva Prashanth Kumar Kodicherla Guobin Gong Lei Fan stephen Wilkinson Charles K.s.moy Department of Civil Engineering Xi’an JiaotongeLiverpool University(XJTLU)Suzhou215123China Department of Civil Engineering and Industrial Design University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK Department of Civil Engineering University of WollongongDubaiUAE

This article studies the influences of particle morphology on the behaviors of granular materials at both macroscopic and microscopic levels based on the discrete element method(DEm).A set of numerical tests under drained triaxial compression was performed by controlling two morphological descriptors,*** of the smallest to the largest pebble diameter,x,and the maximum pebbleepebble intersection angle,*** descriptors are vital in generating particle geometry and surface *** was found that the stress responses of all assemblies exhibited similar behavior and showed post-peak *** normalized stress ratio and volumetric strains flatten off and tended to reach a steady value after an axial strain of 40%.While the friction angles at peak state varied with different morphological descriptors,the friction angles at critical state showed no significant ***,evolution of the average coordination numbers showed a dramatic exponential decay until an axial strain of about 15%after which it stabilized and was unaffected by further increase of axial *** addition,stress ratio q/p and strong fabric parameter fs d=fs m were found to follow an approximately linear relationship for each *** findings emphasized the significance of the influences of particle morphology on the macroscopic and microscopic responses of granular materials.

关键词： Discrete element method(DEm) Particle morphology Granular materials Triaxial compression Fabric

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Tomography-based definition of keratoconus for Down syndrome patients

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Eye and Vision 2020年第5期7卷 477-484页

作者： soheila Asgari shiva mehravaran mohammadreza Aghamirsalim Hassan Hashemi Noor Ophthalmology Research Center Noor Eye HospitalNo.96 Esfandiar Blvd.Vali’asr Ave.TehranIran AsCEND Center for Biomedical Research Morgan State UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Translational Ophthalmology Research Center Tehran University of Medical ScienceTehranIran

Background:To assess the diagnostic ability of Pentacam HR(Oculus Optikgeräte,GmbH,Wetzlar,Germany)tomographic indices in discriminating keratoconus(KC)and KC suspect(KCs)in 10-to 30-year-old patients with Down syndrome(Ds).methods:In this study,Ds patients were enrolled through special needs schools,the National Down syndrome society,and relevant non-profit *** were made independently by two experienced *** Pentacam indices related to corneal thickness,volume,density,keratometry,power,shape,aberration,and elevation were *** each index,the accuracy for KC and KCs diagnosis was evaluated using discriminant analysis and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC).From each enrolled case,data from only one eye was entered in the ***:Analyses were performed on data from 25 KC,46 KCs,and 154 non-ectatic Ds *** best discriminants for KC were anterior higher order aberrations(HOA)(cutoff>0.643,AUROC=0.879),posterior vertical coma(cutoff>0.0702μm,AUROC=0.875),anterior vertical coma(cutoff>0.4124μm,AUROC=0.868),and total HOA(cutoff>0.608,AUROC=0.867).The difference between AUROCs were not statistically significant(all P>0.05).For KCs,the best discriminants were minimum corneal thickness(cutoff≤480.0μm,AUROC=0.775),corneal volume(cutoff≤55.3μm,AUROC=0.727)and Belin Ambrosio display-total deviation(BAD-D)(cutoff>2.23,AUROC=0.718)with no significant difference between AUROCs(all P>0.05).Conclusions:In this sample of Ds patients,best KC discriminators were HOA and coma which showed good diagnostic *** KCs,best predictors were minimum corneal thickness,corneal volume,and BAD-D with relatively good diagnostic *** a new set of KC diagnostic criteria for Ds patients is suggested.

关键词： Down syndrome Keratoconus Diagnostic criteria Tomography Discriminant analysis

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