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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 127-137页

作者： Jun hwan Moon Taesoon Kim Youngmin Lee seunghyun Kim Yanghee Kim Jae-Pyoung ahn Jungwoo Choi hyuck Mo Lee Young Keun Kim Department of Materials science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Materials science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and EngineeringDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Research Resources Division Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

Achieving historically anticipated improvement in the performance of integrated circuits is challenging,due to the increasing cost and complexity of the required technologies with each new *** overcome this limitation,the exploration and development of novel interconnect materials and processes are highly desirable in the microelectronics ***(Mo)is attracting attention as an advanced interconnect material due to its small resistivity size effect and high cohesive energy;however,effective processing methods for such materials have not been widely ***,we investigate the electrochemical behavior of ions in the confined nanopores that affect the electrical properties and microstructures of nanoscale Mo and Mo-Co alloys prepared via template-assisted *** in an electrolyte allow the deposition of extremely pure metal materials,due to their interac-tion with metal ions and *** this study,boric acid and tetrabutylammonium bisulfate(TBA)were added to an acetate bath to inhibit the hydrogen evolution *** accelerated the reduction of Mo at the surface by inducing surface conduction on the *** Mo nanowires with a 130 nm diameter synthesized through high-aspect-ratio nanopore engineering exhibited a resistivity of(63.0±17.9)μΩ*** also evaluated the resistivities of Mo-Co alloy nanowires at various compo-sitions toward replacing irreducible conventional barrier/liner *** intermetallic compound formed at a Mo composition of 28.6 at%,the resistivity of the Mo-Co nanowire was(58.0±10.6)μΩcm,indicat-ing its superior electrical and adhesive properties in comparison with those of conventional barriers such as TaN and ***,density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function calcula-tions confirmed that the vertical resistance of the via structure constructed from Mo-based materials was 21%lower than that of a conventional Cu/Ta/TaN structure.

关键词： Molybdenum Molybdenum-cobalt Interconnect Microstructure Electrodeposition Density functional theory

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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle s Rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K Turner Ally southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey s stein sarah h Parker John W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech Carilion school of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of health systems and Implementation science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA health Analytics Research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for health Behaviors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter score)and health system distrust(health system Distrust scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and had either completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(sD)health system Distrust scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CRC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,pscreening experience(OR=1.15,95%CI 1.04,1.28,p=0.009)and health system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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An Improved Binary Quantum-based Avian Navigation Optimizer Algorithm to select Effective Feature subset from Medical Data:A COVID-19 Case study

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 426-446页

作者： Ali Fatahi Mohammad h.Nadimi-shahraki hoda Zamani Faculty of Computer Engineering Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran Big Data Research Center Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran

Feature subset selection(Fss)is an NP-hard problem to remove redundant and irrelevant features particularly from medical data,and it can be effectively addressed by metaheuristic ***,existing binary versions of metaheuristic algorithms have issues with convergence and lack an effective binarization method,resulting in suboptimal solutions that hinder diagnosis and prediction *** paper aims to propose an Improved Binary Quantum-based Avian Navigation Optimizer Algorithm(IBQANA)for Fss in medical data preprocessing to address the suboptimal solutions arising from binary versions of metaheuristic *** proposed IBQANA’s contributions include the hybrid Binary Operator(hBO)and the Distance-based Binary search strategy(DBss).hBO is designed to convert continuous values into binary solutions,even for values outside the[0,1]range,ensuring accurate binary *** the other hand,DBss is a two-phase search strategy that enhances the performance of inferior search agents and accelerates *** combining exploration and exploitation phases based on an adaptive probability function,DBss effectively avoids local *** effectiveness of applying hBO is compared with five transfer function families and thresholding on 12 medical datasets,with feature numbers ranging from 8 to 10,***'s effectiveness is evaluated regarding the accuracy,fitness,and selected features and compared with seven binary metaheuristic ***,IBQANA is utilized to detect *** results reveal that the proposed IBQANA outperforms all comparative algorithms on COVID-19 and 11 other medical *** proposed method presents a promising solution to the Fss problem in medical data preprocessing.

关键词： Feature subset selection Optimization Binary metaheuristic algorithms Bioinspired Machine learning Medical datasets

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Construction of a broad-host-range Anderson promoter series and particulate methane monooxygenase promoter variants expand the methanotroph genetic toolbox

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synthetic and systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 250-258页

作者： Etash h.Bhat Jessica M.henard spencer A.Lee Dustin Mchalffey Mahith s.Ravulapati Elle V.Rogers Logan Yu David skiles Calvin A.henard Department of Biological sciences and BioDiscovery Institute University of North TexasDentonTXUSA

Methanotrophic bacteria are currently used industrially for the bioconversion of methane-rich natural gas and anaerobic digestion-derived biogas to valuable *** bacteria may also serve to mitigate the negative effects of climate change by capturing atmospheric greenhouse *** genetic tools have previously been developed for genetic and metabolic engineering of ***,the available tools for use in methanotrophs are significantly underdeveloped compared to many other industrially relevant bacteria,which hinders genetic and metabolic engineering of these *** such,expansion of the methanotroph genetic toolbox is needed to further our understanding of methanotrophy and develop biotechnologies that leverage these unique microbes for mitigation and conversion of methane to valuable ***,we determined the copy number of three broad-host-range plasmids in Methylococcus capsulatus Bath and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b,representing phylogenetically diverse Gammaproteobacterial and Alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs,***,we show that the commonly used synthetic Anderson series promoters are functional and exhibit similar relative activity in *** and *** OB3b,but the synthetic series had limited ***,we mutagenized the native *** particulate methane monooxygenase promoter and identified variants with activity that expand the activity range of synthetic,constitutive promoters functional not only in ***,but also in Escherichia ***,the tools developed here advance the methanotroph genetic engineering toolbox and represent additional synthetic genetic parts that may have broad applicability in Pseudomonadota bacteria.

关键词： Methanotroph Methane monooxygenase Promoter Metabolic engineering synthetic biology

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Electron kinetic effects in back-stimulated Raman scattering bursts driven by broadband laser pulses

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 54-67页

作者： Q.K.Liu L.Deng Q.Wang X.Zhang F.Q.Meng Y.P.Wang Y.Q.Gao h.B.Cai s.P.Zhu Graduate school China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China school of Nuclear science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma Shanghai 201800China hEDPs Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China school of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

We examine electron kinetic effects in broadband-laser-driven back-stimulated Raman scattering(BsRs)bursts using particle-in-cell *** bursts occur during the nonlinear stage,causing reflectivity spikes and generating large numbers of hot ***-duration simulations are performed to observe burst events,and a simplified model is developed to eliminate the interference of the broadband laser’s random intensity *** the simplified model,we isolate and characterize the spectrum of electron plasma *** spectrum changes from a sideband structure to a turbulence-like structure during the burst.A significant asymmetry in the spectrum is *** asymmetry is amplified and transferred to electron phase space by high-intensity broadband laser pulses,leading to violent vortex-merging and generation of hot *** proportion of hot electrons increases from 6.76%to 14.7%during a single violent burst *** demonstrate that kinetic effects profoundly influence the BsRs evolution driven by broadband lasers.

关键词： scattering kinetic simplified

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Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

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National science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David M.Bell Tiantian Wang houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El haddad Jay G.slowik Andre s.h.Prevot Environment Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(sOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the sOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient sOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to sOA formation has not been directly observed. here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study sOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed sOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing sOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that sOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

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Dynamic and electrical responses of a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 155-178页

作者： N.shAhVEIsI s.FELI Department of Mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

The dynamic responses and generated voltage in a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate(GRL)layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact(LVI)are *** current study aims to carry out a dynamic analysis on the sandwich beam when the impactor hits the top face sheet with an initial *** the layer analysis,the high-order shear deformation theory(hsDT)and Frostig's second model for the displacement fields of the core layer are *** classical non-adhesive elastic contact theory and hunter's principle are used to calculate the dynamic responses in terms of *** order to validate the analytical method,the outcomes of the current investigation are compared with those gained by the experimental tests carried out by other researchers for a rectangular composite plate subject to the *** element(FE)simulations are conducted by means of the ABAQUs *** effects of the parameters such as foam modulus,layer material,fiber angle,impactor mass,and its velocity on the generated voltage are reviewed.

关键词： analytical model piezoelectric layer curved sandwich beam glass reinforced laminate(GRL) pliable core low-velocity impact(LVI) classical non-adhesive elastic contact theory

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Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao Michael s.Wolfe Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-secretase,called“the proteasome of the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface *** inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as ***,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates,the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage byγ-*** this review,we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms ofγ-*** mechanisms,including the“Fit-stay-Trim,”“sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics *** an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successfully capturedγ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates byγ-*** addition,controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is ***,an outlook is provided for future studies ofγ-secretase,including pathways of substrate binding and product release,effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein cryo-EM structures drug design intramembrane proteolysis molecular dynamics Notch

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human leukocyte antigen compatibility and incidence of donorspecific antibodies in pediatric liver transplant recipients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第33期30卷 3837-3845页

作者： Melina U Melere Flavia h Feier Jorge Neumann Antônio N Kalil Juliana de M Montagner Luiza s Nader Carolina s da silva Marco Aurélio F Junior Gabriela P Coral Guilherme P Bobsin Cristina T Ferreira Department of hepatology and Liver Transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery and Liver Transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil Postgraduation Program in Medicine:hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKGROUND Antibody-mediated rejection following liver transplantation(LT)has been increasingly recognized,particularly with respect to the emergence of de novo donor-specific antibodies(DsAs)and their impact on graft *** substantial evidence for adult populations exists,research focusing on pediatric LT outcomes remains *** To investigate the prevalence of human leukocyte antigen(hLA)mismatches and DsA and evaluate their association with rejection episodes after pediatric *** A cohort of pediatric LT recipients underwent hLA testing at santa Casa de Porto Alegre,Brazil,between December 2013 and December *** patients who survived for>30 days after LT with at least one DsA analysis were *** classes I and II and cross-matches were *** presence of de novo DsA(dnDsA)was evaluated at least 3 months after LT using the Luminex®single antigen bead method,with a positive reaction threshold set at 1000 *** episodes were confirmed by liver *** Overall,67 transplanted children were analyzed;61 received grafts from living donors,85%of whom were related to ***-transplant DsA(class I or II)was detected in 28.3%of patients,and dnDsA was detected in 48.4%.The median time to DsA detection after LT was 19.7[interquartile range(IQR):4.3-35.6]*** rejection occurred in 13 patients at follow-up,with C4d positivity observed in 5/13 Liver *** median time to rejection was 7.8(IQR:5.7-12.8)*** presence of dnDsA was significantly associated with rejection(36%vs 3%,Phe rejection-free survival rates at 12 and 24 months were 76%vs 100%and 58%vs 95%for patients with dnDsA anti-DQ vs those without,*** Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating DsA assessment into pre-and post-transplantation protocols for pediatric LT *** implications may include immunosuppression minimization strategies based on this analysis in pediatric LT recip

关键词： human leukocyte antigens Donor-specific antibodies Liver transplantation Pediatric Rejection

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MXenes for Bioinspired soft Actuators:Advancements in Angle-Independent structural Colors and Beyond

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 18-34页

作者： siavash Iravani Rajender s.Varma Independent Researcher W Nazar STBoostan AveIsfahanIran Centre of Excellence for Research in sustainable Chemistry Department of ChemistryFederal University of São CarlosSão CarlosSP 13565‑905Brazil

soft actuators have garnered substantial attention in current years in view of their potential appliances in diverse domains like robotics,biomedical devices,and biomimetic *** actuators mimic the natural movements of living organisms,aiming to attain enhanced flexibility,adaptability,and *** the other hand,angle-independent structural color has been achieved through innovative design strategies and engineering *** carefully controlling the size,shape,and arrangement of nanostructures,researchers have been able to create materials exhibiting consistent colors regardless of the viewing *** promising class of materials that holds great potential for bioinspired soft actuators is MXenes in view of their exceptional mechanical,electrical,and optical *** integration of MXenes for bioinspired soft actuators with angle-independent structural color offers exciting *** material compatibility issues,improving color reproducibility,scalability,durability,power supply efficiency,and cost-effectiveness will play vital roles in advancing these *** perspective appraises the development of bioinspired MXene-centered soft actuators with angleindependent structural color in soft robotics.

关键词： MXenes MXene-based composites Bioinspired soft robotics Angle-independent structural color

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