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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2013年第6期26卷 761-771页

作者： s.devaraj s.sankaran R.Kumar Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras)

The effect of sintering temperature on the densification mechanisms, microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of spark plasma sintered （sPs） compacts of a gas atomized Al-4.5 wt.%Cu alloy was investigated. The powder particles whose size varied between 10 to 500μm was subjected to sPs at 400, 450 and 500℃ at a pressure of 30 MPa. The compact sintered at 500℃ exhibited fully dense microstructure which was characterized by a uniform distribution of the secondary phase, free of dendrites and micro-porosity. Microscopy and the sPs data reveal that the events such as particle rearrangement, localized deformation and bulk deformation appear to be the sequence of sintering mechanisms depending on the size range of powder particles used for consolidation. The compact sintered at 500℃ exhibited the highest hardness and compression strength since the microstructure was characterized by fine distribution of precipitates, large fraction of submicron grains and complete metallurgical bonding.

关键词： spark plasma sintering sintering mechanisms Precipitation Compression strength

Active catalytic species generated in situ in zirconia incorporated hydrogen storage material magnesium hydride

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第3期10卷 852-861页

作者： D.Pukazhselvan K.s.sandhya devaraj Ramasamy Aliaksandr shaula Igor Bdikin Duncan Paul Fagg Department of Mechanical Engineering Nanoengineering Research GroupCentre for Mechanical Technology and Automation(TEMA)University of AveiroAveiro 3810-193Portugal Department of Chemistry Malankara Catholic CollegeKaliyakkavilaiTamil Nadu 629153India Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics University of KeralaThiruvananthapuramKerala 695581India UIDM ESTGPolytechnic Institute of Viana do CasteloViana do Castelo 4900Portugal

This study explores how zirconia additive interacts with MgH_(2)to improve its hydrogen storage performance.Initially it is confirmed that the zirconia added MgH_(2)powder releases hydrogen at a temperature of about 50℃below that of the additive free MgH_(2).subsequent tests by X ray diffraction(XRD)and infrared(IR)spectroscopy techniques reveal that the ZrO_(2) mixed MgH_(2)powder contains ZrHx(21.5)and MgO secondary phases.This observation is supported by the negative Gibbs free energy values obtained for the formation of ZrH_(2)/MgO from ZrO_(2)/MgH_(2)powder samples.An X ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPs)study reveals that apart from Zr^(4+)cations,Zr^(2+) and zero valent Zr exist in the powder.Atomic force microscopy(AFM)study reveals that the average grain size is 20 nm and the elemental line scan profiles further proves the existence of oxygen deficient Zr bearing phase(s).This study strengthens the belief that functional metal oxide additives in fact chemically interact with MgH_(2)to make active in-situ catalysts in the MgH_(2)system.

关键词： Hydrogen storage Binary hydrides Metal oxides Additives Nanocatalysis.

Early Detection Glaucoma and stargardt’s Disease Using Deep Learning Techniques

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Intelligent Automation & soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1283-1299页

作者： somasundaram devaraj senthil Kumar Arunachalam Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCoimabatore641062TamilnaduIndia

Retinal fundus images are used to discover many diseases.several Machine learning algorithms are designed to identify the Glaucoma disease.But the accuracy and time consumption performance were not improved.To address this problem Max Pool Convolution Neural Kuan Filtered Tobit Regres-sive segmentation based Radial Basis Image Classiﬁer(MPCNKFTRs-RBIC)Model is used for detecting the Glaucoma and stargardt’s disease by early period using higher accuracy and minimal time.In MPCNKFTRs-RBIC Model,the ret-inal fundus image is considered as an input which is preprocessed in hidden layer 1 using weighted adaptive Kuanﬁlter.Then,preprocessed retinal fundus is given for hidden layer 2 for extracting the features like color,intensity,texture with higher accuracy.After extracting these features,the Tobit Regressive segmenta-tion process is performed by hidden layer 3 for partitioning preprocessed image within more segments by analyzing the pixel with the extracted features of the fundus image.Then,the segmented image was given to output layer.The radial basis function analyzes the testing image region of a particular class as well as training image region with higher accuracy and minimum time consumption.simulation is performed with retinal fundus image dataset with various perfor-mance metrics namely peak signal-to-noise ratio,accuracy and time,error rate concerning several retina fundus image and image size.

关键词： Glaucoma detection max pool convolution neural network kuanﬁlter radial basis function

High‑Energy Room‑Temperature sodium–sulfur and sodium–selenium Batteries for sustainable Energy storage

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2023年第1期6卷 87-147页

作者： Zefu Huang Pauline Jaumaux Bing sun Xin Guo Dong Zhou devaraj shanmukaraj Michel Armand Teofilo Rojo Guoxiu Wang Centre for Clean Energy Technology School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies(CIC energiGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)Alava Technology ParkAlbert Einstein 4801510 Vitoria-GasteizSpain Inorganic Chemistry Department University of the Basque Country UPV/EHUP.O.Box.64448080 BilbaoSpain

Rechargeable room-temperature sodium–sulfur(Na–s)and sodium–selenium(Na–se)batteries are gaining extensive attention for potential large-scale energy storage applications owing to their low cost and high theoretical energy density.Optimization of electrode materials and investigation of mechanisms are essential to achieve high energy density and long-term cycling stability of Na–s(se)batteries.Herein,we provide a comprehensive review of the recent progress in Na–s(se)batteries.We elucidate the Na storage mechanisms and improvement strategies for battery performance.In particular,we discuss the advances in the development of battery components,including high-performance sulfur cathodes,optimized electrolytes,advanced Na metal anodes and modified separators.Combined with current research achievements,this review outlines remaining challenges and clear research directions for the future development of practical high-performance Na–s(se)batteries.

关键词： sodium-sulfur batteries sodium-selenium batteries sulfur cathodes Electrolyte engineering solid-state electrolytes sodium metal anodes

siponimod exerts neuroprotective effects on the retina and higher visual pathway through neuronal s1PR1 in experimental glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 840-848页

作者： devaraj Basavarajappa Vivek Gupta Nitin Chitranshi Roshana Vander Wall Rashi Rajput Kanishka Pushpitha samridhi sharma Mehdi Mirzaei Alexander Klistorner stuart L.Graham Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineHealth and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversityNorth RydeSydneyNSWAustralia

sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor(s1PR)signaling regulates diverse pathophysiological processes in the central nervous system.The role of s1PR signaling in neurodegenerative conditions is still largely unidentified.siponimod is a specific modulator of s1P1 and s1P5 receptors,an immunosuppressant drug for managing secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.We investigated its neuroprotective properties in vivo on the retina and the brain in an optic nerve injury model induced by a chronic increase in intraocular pressure or acute N-methyl-D-aspartate excitotoxicity.Neuronal-specific deletion of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor(s1PR1)was carried out by expressing AAV-PHP.eB-Cre recombinase under syn1 promoter in s1PR1mice to define the role of s1PR1 in neurons.Inner retinal electrophysiological responses,along with histological and immunofluorescence analysis of the retina and optic nerve tissues,indicated significant neuroprotective effects of siponimod when administered orally via diet in chronic and acute optic nerve injury models.Further,siponimod treatment showed significant protection against trans-neuronal degenerative changes in the higher visual center of the brain induced by optic nerve injury.siponimod treatment also reduced microglial activation and reactive gliosis along the visual pathway.Our results showed that siponimod markedly upregulated neuroprotective Akt and Erk1/2 activation in the retina and the brain.Neuronal-specific deletion of s1PR1 enhanced retinal and dorsolateral geniculate nucleus degenerative changes in a chronic optic nerve injury condition and attenuated protective effects of siponimod.In summary,our data demonstrated that s1PR1signaling plays a vital role in the retinal ganglion cell and dorsolateral geniculate nucleus neuronal survival in experimental glaucoma,and siponimod exerts direct neuroprotective effects through s1PR1 in neurons in the central nervous system independent of its peripheral immuno-modulatory effects.Our findings suggest that neuronal s1PR1 is a neuroprotective

关键词： glaucoma intraocular pressure neurodegeneration neuroprotection optic nerve injury retinal ganglion cells siponimod sphingosine-1-phosphate

An Optimal Deep Learning for Cooperative Intelligent Transportation system

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 19-35页

作者： K.Lakshmi srinivas Nagineni E.Laxmi Lydia A.Francis saviour devaraj sachi Nandan Mohanty Irina V.Pustokhina Denis A.Pustokhin Department of Computer science and Engineering Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science&TechnologyThanjavur613403India Department of Computer science and Engineering KG Reddy College of Engineering and TechnologyTelangana500075India Department of Computer science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information Technology(Autonomous)Visakhapatnam530049India Department of Computer science and Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626128India Department of Computer Engineering College of Engineering PunePuneMaharashtra411005India Department of Entrepreneurship and Logistics Plekhanov Russian University of EconomicsMoscow117997Russia Department of Logistics State University of ManagementMoscow109542Russia

Cooperative Intelligent Transport system(C-ITs)plays a vital role in the future road traffic management system.A vital element of C-ITs comprises vehicles,road side units,and traffic command centers,which produce a massive quantity of data comprising both mobility and service-related data.For the extraction of meaningful and related details out of the generated data,data science acts as an essential part of the upcoming C-ITs applications.At the same time,prediction of short-term traffic flow is highly essential to manage the traffic accurately.Due to the rapid increase in the amount of traffic data,deep learning(DL)models are widely employed,which uses a non-parametric approach for dealing with traffic flow forecasting.This paper focuses on the design of intelligent deep learning based short-termtraffic flow prediction(IDL-sTFLP)model for C-ITs that assists the people in various ways,namely optimization of signal timing by traffic signal controllers,travelers being able to adapt and alter their routes,and so on.The presented IDLsTFLP model operates on two main stages namely vehicle counting and traffic flow prediction.The IDL-sTFLP model employs the Fully Convolutional Redundant Counting(FCRC)based vehicle count process.In addition,deep belief network(DBN)model is applied for the prediction of short-term traffic flow.To further improve the performance of the DBN in traffic flow prediction,it will be optimized by Quantum-behaved bat algorithm(QBA)which optimizes the tunable parameters of DBN.Experimental results based on benchmark dataset show that the presented method can count vehicles and predict traffic flowin real-time with amaximumperformance under dissimilar environmental situations.

关键词： Cooperative intelligent transportation systems traffic flow prediction deep belief network deep learning vehicle counting

Enhanced Metaheuristics with Trust Aware Route selection for Wireless sensor Networks

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Computer systems science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1431-1445页

作者： A.Francis saviour devaraj T.satyanarayana Murthy Fayadh Alenezi E.Laxmi Lydia Mohamad Adzhar Md Zawawi Mohamad Khairi Ishak Department of IT The University of Technology and Applied Sciences-IbriPO Box:466IbriPostal Code:516Sultanate of Oman Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology HyderabadTelanganaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringJouf UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Computer science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India school of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Engineering CampusUniversiti Sains MalaysiaNibong Tebal14300PenangMalaysia

Recently,a trust system was introduced to enhance security and cooperation between nodes in wireless sensor networks(WsN).In routing,the trust system includes or avoids nodes related to the estimated trust values in the routing function.This article introduces Enhanced Metaheuristics with Trust Aware secure Route selection Protocol(EMTA-sRsP)for WsN.The presented EMTA-sRsP technique majorly involves the optimal selection of routes in WsN.To accomplish this,the EMTA-sRsP technique involves the design of an oppositional Aquila optimization algorithm to choose safe routes for data communication.For the clustering process,the nodes with maximum residual energy will be considered cluster heads(CHs).In addition,the OAOA technique gets executed to choose optimal routes based on objective functions with multiple parameters such as energy,distance,and trust degree.The experimental validation of the EMTA-sRsP technique is tested,and the results exhibited a better performance of the EMTA-sRsP technique over other approaches.

关键词： security wireless sensor networks trust factor routing protocol privacy

Mass transport in a highly immiscible alloy on extended shear deformation

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2023年第3期134卷 197-208页

作者： Miao song Jia Liu Xiaolong Ma Qin Pang Matthew J.Olszta Joshua silverstein Madhusudhan R.Pallaka Peter V.sushko suveen N.Mathaudhu Cynthia Powell Arun devaraj Bharat Gwalani Physical and Computational sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Energy and Environmental Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory902 Battelle BoulevardRichlandWA 99354USA Material science and Engineering Program University of CaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA Colorado school of Mines 1500 Illinois St.GoldenCO 8040USA Department of Materials science and Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695-7907USA state Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South Uni-versityChangsha 410083China

Forced mixing to a single-phase or supersaturated solid solution(sss)and its prerequisite microstructure evolution in immiscible systems has been a focus of research for fundamental science and practical applications.Controlling the formation of sss by shear deformation could enable a material design beyond conventional equilibrium microstructure in immiscible systems.Here,a highly immiscible Cu-50 at.%Cr binary alloy(mixing enthalpy of∼20 kJ mol^(−1))was employed to investigate the microstructure evolution and localized tendencies of sss during severe shear deformation.Our results demonstrate the dislocation mediated microstructural refinement process in each phase of the binary alloy and the mechanisms associated with localized solute supersaturation as a function of shear strain.Pronounced grain refinement in the softer Cu phase occurs owing to the strain localization driving the preferential dynamic recrystallization.The grain refinement of the Cr phase,however,is enabled by the progressive evolution of grain lamination,splitting,and fragmentation as a function of shear strain.The solute supersaturation is found to be strongly dependent on the local environments that affect the dislocation activity,including the level of microstructure refinement,the interfacial orientation relationship,the mechanical incompatibility,and the localized preferential phase oxidation.Ab initio simulations confirm that it is more favorable to oxidize Cr than Cu at incoherent Cu/Cr interfaces,limiting the mass transport on an incoherent boundary.Our results unveil the mechanism underpinning the non-equilibrium mass transport in immiscible systems upon severe deformation that can be applied to produce immiscible alloys with superior mechanical properties.

关键词： Tribology Immiscible alloys Nanostructures shear deformation Forced mixing Atom probe

Potential antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of essential oil extracted from Cymbopogon citratus on OxLDL and H_(2)O_(2) LDL induced Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells(PBMC)

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Food science and Human Wellness 2017年第2期6卷 60-69页

作者： s.Jamuna sakeena sadullah M.s. R.Ashokkumar Gokul shanmuganathan senguttuvan sivan Mozhi Niranjali devaraj s. Department of Biochemistry University of MadrasGuindy CampusChennai 600025India Department of Biotechnology Prist UniversityPuducherryIndia

Cymbopogon citratus(lemon grass)is commonly used in traditional folk medicine.The essential oil extracted from C.citratus has been reported as a potential anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.This study has been designed to explore the protective effect of C.citratus(lemon grass)against modified LDL(OxLDL and H2O2 LDL)induced cytotoxicity in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells(PBMC).The essential oil extracted from C.citratus(EOC)was subjected to FT-IR spectroscopic analysis for the identification of functional groups.In vitro antioxidant assays were carried out to assess the electron donating capability of EOC as compared with a known standard L-ascorbic acid.The cytoprotective effects of EOC were determined in PBMC induced with modified LDL.spectra obtained from FT-IR analysis showed the presence of functional groups in EOC such as H-bonded,O-H stretching,N-H stretching,aldehyde-C-H stretching,aldehyde/ketone-C=O stretching,-C=C-stretching,-CH_(3) bending,-C-H in plane bending.EOC has greater antioxidant property when compared with the standard L-ascorbic acid.EOC at all test concentrations demonstrated free radical scavenging activity and cytoprotective effect when challenged against modified LDL in PBMC.The above results show EOC as a promising antioxidant and cytoprotective agent.

关键词： Cymbopogon citratus Antioxidants Cytoprotective PBMC Modified LDL

Determination of the major geochemical processes of groundwater along the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary of Trichinopoly,Tamilnadu,India

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Acta Geochimica 2020年第5期39卷 760-781页

作者： N.devaraj s.Chidambaram U.Vasudevan K.Pradeep M.Nepolian M.V.Prasanna V.s.Adithya R.Thilagavathi C.Thivya Banajarani Panda Department of Earth sciences Annamalai UniversityChidambaramTamilnadu 608002India Water Research Centre Kuwait Institute for Scientific ResearchKuwait CityKuwait Department of Applied Geology Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University Malaysia.CDT 25098009 MiriSarawakMalaysia

The hydrogeochemical variations in groundwater are mainly influenced by lithology,residence time of water in the aquifer matrix,and anthropogenic activities.This study was focused on the geochemical variations of groundwater in different lithological units(Archaean,Cretaceous,Tertiary,and Quaternary)by understanding the major factors governing the geochemical variations in each lithology.The 71 groundwater samples were collected from these rock types,namely,Archaean(14),Cretaceous(37),Tertiary(11),Quaternary(9).The collected samples were measured for major ions and they were used for preparation of standard geochemical plots and ionic ratios.Factor analysis and factor score were used to identify the major factors controlling the hydrochemistry and their spatial distribution in the study area.In addition,geochemical model,WATEQ 4 F was used to determine the saturation condition of carbonate and sulphate minerals in the groundwater.Na–Cl and mixed Ca–Na–HCO3 were the dominant hydrochemical facies irrespective of lithological units.The overall interpretation of geochemical data revealed that leaching of secondary salts,weathering and ion exchange reaction along the groundwater flow path through various lithological units,and anthropogenic influence from domestic sewages and agricultural activities constitute the major geochemical processes in the study area.Hence,this study brings out the multiple hydrogeochemical process in the complex geological terrain along the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary.

关键词： Groundwater Geochemical process Major ions Correlation Factor analysis