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Carotid artery endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic non-stenotic carotid artery disease

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第3期7卷 251-257页

作者： Valentina Nardi John C benson Anthony s Larson Waleed Brinjikji Luca saba Fredric B Meyer Giuseppe Lanzino Amir Lerman Luis E savastano Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Radiology Azienda Ospedaliero UniversitariaCagliariItaly Neurosurgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

Object We sought to determine the safety and efficacy in secondary stroke prevention of carotid endarterectomy(CEA)in patients with symptomatic non-stenotic carotid artery disease(syNC).Methods This was a single-centre retrospective case series.All patients who underwent CEA for unilateral anterior circulation cerebrovascular events with ipsilateralstenosis from 2002 to 2020 were included.Imaging hallmarks including the degree of luminal stenosis and the presence of various vulnerable plaque characteristics(eg,intraplaque haemorrhage(IPH)on MR angiography,ulceration or low-density plaque on CT angiography)were assessed.The presence of vulnerable plaque characteristics was compared between arteries ipsilateral to the ischaemic event and contralateral arteries.The prevalence of perioperative/intraoperative complications,as well as recurrent ischaemic events at follow-up was determined.Results Thirty-two patients were included in the analysis,of which 25.0%were female.Carotid arteries ipsilateral to an ischaemic event had a significantly higher prevalence of IPH when compared with contralateral arteries(80.0%vs 0.0%;ps.One patient(3.1%)developed symptoms of transient ipsilateral ischaemia 1 day following CEA which resolved without treatment.In a median follow-up of 18.0 months(IQR 5.0-36.0),only one patient(3.1%)experienced a transient neurologic deficit with complete resolution(annualised rate of recurrent stroke after CEA of 1.5%for a total follow-up of 788 patient-months following CEA).All other patients(31/32,96.9%)were free of recurrent ischaemic events.Conclusion CEA appears to be safe and well-tolerated in patients with syNC.Additional studies with larger cohorts and longer follow-up intervals are needed in order to determine the role of CEA in this patient population.

关键词： patients carotid prevention

Endarterectomy for symptomatic non-stenotic carotids: a systematic review and descriptive analysis

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第1期7卷 6-12页

作者： Anthony Larson Valentina Nardi Waleed Brinjikji John benson Giuseppe Lanzino Luis savastano Department of Radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Neurosurgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

Objective To systematically analyse prior reports of carotid endarterectomy(CEA)performed in cases of≤50%carotid stenosis in order to understand patient tolerance and potential benefit.Methods A systematic review and descriptive analysis was performed in concordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.An English-language search was performed of online databases using librarian-selected search terms.Abstracts were reviewed for relevance which included mention of carotid endarterectomy and stenosis.Prospective or retrospective observational cohort studies that reported series of patients who underwent endarterectomy for minimal(≤50%)luminal stenosis with reported outcomes were included.Results six studies(which included our institutional series)with a total of 143 patients met the inclusion criteria.The weighted mean age at the time of CEA was 72.3 years;113(79.0%)were male.55.8%of patients with available data had recurrent ipsilateral ischaemic events despite medical therapy.Two patients out of 129 with available perioperative data(1.6%)had perioperative MRI findings of acute ischaemic stroke,both within the hemisphere contralateral to the side of CEA.Of the 138 patients with available follow-up(mean,36 months),none had recurrent ipsilateral ischaemic events.Conclusions Endarterectomy for symptomatic carotid disease causing≤50%stenosis may be a potentially beneficial strategy to prevent stroke recurrence.studies with robust methodology are needed to draw more definitive conclusions in terms of the safety and efficacy of endarterectomy for minimal stenosis with vulnerable features relative to intensive medical therapy.

关键词： carotid stenosis analysis

Geometrically constrained isogeometric parameterizedlevel-set based topology optimization via trimmed elements

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第4期11卷 328-343页

作者： Yingjun WANG David J. benson school of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China Department ofMechanical Engineering McGill University Montreal H3AOC3 Canada Department of structural Engineering University of California SanDiego 92093 USA

In this paper, an approach based on the fast point-in-polygon (PIP) algorithm and trimmed elements is proposed for isogeometric topology optimization (TO) with arbitrary geometric constraints. The isogeometric parameterized level-set-based TO method, which directly uses the non-uniform rational basis splines (NURBs) for both level set function (LsF) parameterization and objective function calculation, provides higher accuracy and efficiency than previous methods. The integration of trimmed elements is completed by the efficient quadrature rule that can design the quadrature points and weights for arbitrary geometric shape. Numerical examples demonstrate the efficiency and flexibility of the method.

关键词： isogeometric analysis topology optimization level set method arbitrary geometric constraint trimmed element

Grain Refinement of Primary si in Hypereutectic Al-si Alloys Using P-based Master Alloys

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Grain Refinement of Primary Si in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys...

作者： benson Kihono Njuguna 大连理工大学

学位级别：硕士

过共晶铝硅合金因具有低的热膨胀系数和高的高温力学性能等优点被广泛应用于汽车、航空航天等领域,然而合金中粗大的初晶硅相易形成裂纹源并导致断裂,严重影响了合金的力学性能。磷变质处理是减小初晶硅尺寸、改善其形貌的重要方法,常... 详细信息

过共晶铝硅合金因具有低的热膨胀系数和高的高温力学性能等优点被广泛应用于汽车、航空航天等领域,然而合金中粗大的初晶硅相易形成裂纹源并导致断裂,严重影响了合金的力学性能。磷变质处理是减小初晶硅尺寸、改善其形貌的重要方法,常见的含磷变质剂有Al-P、Al-si-P、Cu-P等中间合金。本文以过共晶Al-24si（质量百分数,下同）合金为研究对象,采用金相显微镜（OM,Optical Microscope）、场发射扫描电镜（FEsEM,Field Emission scanning Electron Microscope）、X射线衍射仪（X-Ray Diffraction）等分析手段研究了si-3P、Al-10si-2Fe-3P和si-25Mn-10P中间合金的微观组织及其对初晶硅的晶粒细化作用。分别在810℃、820℃和840℃条件下向Al-24si合金熔体中添加三种中间合金,并对比分析不同保温时间（30min、60min、90min）下Al-24si合金的微观组织及初晶硅的尺寸,从而获得中间合金及工艺参数对初晶硅细化作用的影响。本文取得的主要研究结果为:（1）si-3P、si-25Mn-10P和Al-10si-2Fe-3P中间合金中的磷化物分别为siP、MnP和AlP,三种中间合金均为过共晶Al-24si合金的有效晶粒细化剂,经过细化处理后合金中初晶硅的尺寸由花瓣状变为细小块状。保温时间为30min时,中间合金的晶粒细化效果最优,随保温时间的延长,其晶粒细化效果逐渐衰退。（2）经过si-25Mn-10P中间合金细化后的初晶硅的平均尺寸可达到18μm,其晶粒细化效果明显优于si-3P和Al-10si-2Fe-3P中间合金,这可能是由中间合金存在高活性的MnP相导致的。此外,提高熔炼温度有利于提升si-25Mn-10P中间合金的晶粒细化效果。

关键词：铝硅合金初晶硅晶粒细化中间合金 AlP

Real-world treatment patterns of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors: A claims database analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第33期23卷 6128-6136页

作者： Al B benson III Michael s Broder Beilei Cai Eunice Chang Maureen P Neary Elya Papoyan Northwestern University Partnership for Health Analytic Research Novartis Pharmaceuticals

AIM To describe real-world treatment patterns of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors(GI NET).METHODs In this retrospective cohort study,we used 2009-2014 data from 2 United states commercial claims databases to examine newly pharmacologically treated patients using tabular and graphical techniques. Treatments included somatostatin analogues(ssA),cytotoxic chemotherapy(CC),targeted therapy(TT),interferon(IF) and combinations. We identified patients at least 18 years of age,with ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient claims for GI NET who initiated pharmacologic treatment from 7/1/09-6/30/14. A 6 mo clean period prior to first treatment ensured patients were newly treated. Patients were followed until end of enrollment or the study end date,whichever was first.REsULTs We identified 2258 newly treated GI NET patients: mean(sD) age was 55.6 years(sD = 9.7),47.2% of the patients were between 55 and 64 years,and 48.8% were female. All regions of the United states were represented. 59.6% started first-line therapy with ssA monotherapy(964 with octreotide LAR,380 with octreotide sA,and 1 with lanreotide),33.3% CC,3.6% TT,and 0.5% IF. The remainder received combinations. Mean follow up was 576 d. Overall mean first-line therapy duration was 361 d(449 d for ssA,215 for CC,267 for TT). 58.9% of patients had no pharmacological treatment beyond first line. The most common secondline was combination therapy with ssA. In graphical pattern analysis,there was no clear pattern visible after first line therapy.CONCLUsION In this study,60% of patients initiated treatment with ssA alone or in combination. The relatively long time to discontinuation suggests possible sustained effectiveness and tolerability.

关键词： Gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors Treatment patterns Insurance claims somatostatin analogue Targeted therapy Chemotherapy

Current and Future Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma:An Updated Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第1期6卷 69-78页

作者： saleh Daher Muhammad Massarwa Ariel A. benson Tawfik Khoury Gastroenterology and Liver Units Department of MedicineHadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalemIsrael

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is among the leading causes of cancer-related mortality.The principal treatment is surgical resection or liver transplantation,depending on whether the patient is a suitable transplant candidate.However,in most patients with HCC the diagnosis is often late,thereby excluding the patients from definitive surgical resection.Medical treatment includes sorafenib,which is the most commonly used systemic therapy;although,it has been shown to only minimally impact patient survival by several months.Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are generally ineffective.Due to the poor prognosis of patients with HCC,newer treatments are needed with several being in development,either in preclinical or clinical studies.In this review article,we provide an update on the current and future medical and surgical management of HCC.

关键词： HCC Treatments sorafenib Mortality

单晶硅衬底对si-Al合金中块体硅生长的影响

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热加工工艺 2022年第7期51卷 66-71页

作者：张鸣 benson Kihono Njuguna 谭毅李佳艳大连理工大学材料科学与工程学院辽宁大连116024

硅与合金熔体的分离及合金元素的回收再利用一直是限制si-Al合金凝固精炼工艺进一步应用的关键问题。本文采用温度梯度区域熔炼方法在si-Al合金中生长块体硅。通过在合金熔体的底部引入单晶硅衬底,研究单晶衬底对于块体硅生长的形貌及... 详细信息

硅与合金熔体的分离及合金元素的回收再利用一直是限制si-Al合金凝固精炼工艺进一步应用的关键问题。本文采用温度梯度区域熔炼方法在si-Al合金中生长块体硅。通过在合金熔体的底部引入单晶硅衬底,研究单晶衬底对于块体硅生长的形貌及杂质分布的影响。结果表明,单晶硅衬底的添加降低了合金熔体的温度梯度,块体硅以平直界面向上生长,生长速率明显变慢。在温度梯度2.4 K/mm和生长时间240 min时,块体硅的生长速率由石墨坩埚上的0.108μm/s下降至si(100)衬底上的0.075μm/s。在相同的温度梯度和生长时间内,块体硅在si(100)衬底上的生长速率明显快于si(111)衬底。单晶硅衬底在块体硅生长过程中起到籽晶的作用。

关键词： si-Al合金单晶硅衬底类单晶硅

Molecular evidence and phylogenetic delineation of spotted fever group Rickettsia species in Amblyomma ticks from cattle in Gauteng and Limpopo Provinces,south Africa

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第8期16卷 371-378页

作者： Keneilwe Mhlambo benson C Iweriebor Nqobile Mkolo K O Afolabi Larry C Obi Department of Biology and Environmental sciences School of Science and TechnologySefako Makgatho Health Sciences UniversityGa-RankuwaPretoriaSouth Africa Pathogenic Yeasts Research Group Department of Microbiology and BiochemistryUniversity of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300Free StateSouth Africa school of science and Technology Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences UniversityGa-RankuwaPretoriaSouth Africa

Objective:To determine the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens with a particular focus on Rickettsia spp.in ticks collected from cattle in Gauteng and Limpopo Provinces,south Africa.Methods:A total of 200 ticks were collected from cattle within the Madala livestock,Pretoria,Gauteng Province and in Mankweng Township,Polokwane,Limpopo Province in 2019.The ticks were morphologically identified and processed individually for a total genomic DNA extraction.specific primers targetting ompA,ompB,and the 17KDa genes were used for a molecular screening and delineation of Rickettsia from the extracted genetic materials using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)technique.PCR amplicons of positive samples were sequenced bidirectionally using the sanger sequencing method.sequences generated were processed and analysed using appropriate bioinformatics software.Results:The ticks were morphologically identified as Amblyomma spp.PCR profiling of the genomic DNA samples revealed the presence of the Rickettsia pathogen in 42(21%)of the ticks collected from both Provinces.Out of the genes profiled,14(7%)were positive for 17KDa,42(21%)for ompA and 32(16%)were positive for ompB genes respectively.The nucleotide blast of the sequenced genomes showed high similarity,as high as 100% with other reference Rickettsia(R.)africae in the GenBank.The phylogenetic analysis of the sequences further validated them as R.africae with their characteristic clustering pattern with related reference sequences.Conclusions:There is an abundance of R.africae in Amblyomma ticks collected from cattle in the study areas.This has serious public health implications as individuals who accidentally get infested with the ticks could acquire R.africae.Hence,adequate precautions in terms of sensitization of farmers about the risk and mass mobilization drive to control the vectors in the areas are highly recommended to safeguard public health.

关键词： Amblyomma ticks Tick-borne pathogen Rickettsia Cattle south Africa

Controllable Fabrication of spider-Web-Like structured Anaphe Panda Regenerated silk Nanofibers / Nets via Electrospinning / Netting

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2014年第4期31卷 497-502页

作者： DULO benson 王娜李彦 OYONDI Erick MADARA s Diana 丁彬 College of Textiles Donghua University Department of Manufacturing Industrial and Textile EngineeringMoi University state Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua University

An Anaphe panda silk nanofibers / nets( NFN) membrane with attractive structures consisting of common electrospun nanofibers and two-dimensional( 2D) spider-web-like structured nano-nets were successfully fabricated via electrospinning / netting technology. The unique structures of NFN membranes such as extremely small diameter( sity,large specific surface area. and biocompatibility make this Anaphe panda silk NFN membrane a promising candidate for biomedical applications. In the present study, field emission scanning electron microscopy( FEsEM) was used to investigate the influence of polymer solution and humidity on nano-nets coverage and morphology. The FE-sEM images revealed that nano-net coverage area increased with increase in concentration of solution while lowering the humidity increased the nano-nets formation. Moreover,the mechanical properties of the membrane were also tested and the result showed that the silk NFN membrane displayed a breaking stress of 3. 7 MPa and breaking strain of 13. 8%. For further structural elucidation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) was used to analyze the structural conformation changes from random coil to β-sheet in the NFN membrane which was an important factor effecting the usability of membrane. Thus,the results above confirmed the feasibility of Anaphe panda NFN structures applicability in cell tissue culture and other biomedical applications.

关键词： Anaphe panda silk electrospinning / netting nanofibers / nets(NFN) biocompatibility