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倾向断层中的地震:对称性被破坏的效应

世界地震译丛 2000年第4期31卷 78-83页

作者： D.D.Oglesby R.J.Archuleta s.b.nielsen 张拴宏中国地质科学院地质力学研究所

对倾向断层中地震的动力学模拟表明,不对称的近源地面运动是由这类断层不对称的几何形态引起的。在初始应力大小相同的情况下,逆(冲)断层引起的地面运动要比正断层引起的地面运动大2倍或更多。无论是在逆(冲)断层还是正断层引起的地震中... 详细信息

对倾向断层中地震的动力学模拟表明,不对称的近源地面运动是由这类断层不对称的几何形态引起的。在初始应力大小相同的情况下,逆(冲)断层引起的地面运动要比正断层引起的地面运动大2倍或更多。无论是在逆(冲)断层还是正断层引起的地震中,上盘的运动都比下盘的大。地震产生的应力场与地球自由表面的相互作用导致了与时间相关的正应力的产生,从而造成了正断层与逆(冲)断层之间的不对称性。断层上、下两盘的不对称性是由于断层两盘质量和几何形态的不对称性而形成的。

关键词：倾向断层地震断层不对称

Climate refugia along Lake superior’s shores:disjunct arctic-alpine plants rely on cool shoreline temperatures but are restricted to highly exposed habitat under climate warming

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第4期17卷 23-41页

作者： Ashley Hillman scott E.nielsen Department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Climate refugia can serve as a remnant habitat or stepping stones for species dispersal under climate *** largest freshwater lake by surface area,Lake superior,UsA and Canada,serves as a model system for understanding cooling-mediated local refugia,as its cool water temperatures and wave action have maintained shoreline habitats suitable for southern disjunct populations of arctic-alpine plants since ***,we seek to explain spatial patterns and environmental drivers of arctic-alpine plant refugia along Lake superior’s shores,and assess future risk to refugia under moderate(+3.5℃)and warmest(+5.7℃)climate warming ***,we examined how the interactive effects of summer surface water temperatures and wind affected onshore temperatures,resulting in areas of cooler ***,we developed an ecological niche model for the presence of disjunct arctic-alpine refugia(pooling 1253 occurrences from 58 species)along the lake’s ***,we fit species distribution models for 20 of the most common arctic-alpine disjunct species and predicted presence to identify refugia ***,we used the two climate warming scenarios to predict changes in the presence of refugia and disjunct *** type,elevation above water,inland distance,July land surface temperature from MODIs/Terra satellite and near-shore depth of water were the best predictors of disjunct ***,we predicted 2236 km of the shoreline(51%)as disjunct refugia habitat for at least one species under current conditions,but this was reduced to 20% and 7% with moderate(894 km)and warmest(313 km)climate change projections.

关键词： climate refugia disjunct populations lake effect Lake superior species distribution models

Transmission matrices used in epidemiologic modelling

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 185-194页

作者： M.bekker-nielsen Dunbar Centre for Research on Pandemics&society OsloMet–Oslo Metropolitan UniversityHG536Holbergs gate 1Oslo0166Norway

Mixing matrices are included in infectious disease models to reflect transmission opportunities between population *** matrices were originally constructed on the basis of theoretical considerations and most of the early work in this area originates from research on sexually transferred diseases in the 80s,in response to *** work in the 90s populated these matrices on the basis of survey data gathered to capture transmission risks for respiratory *** provide an overview of developments in the construction of matrices for capturing transmission opportunities in *** transmission matrices are useful for epidemiologic modelling to capture within and between stratum transmission and can be informed from theoretical mixing assumptions,informed by empirical evidence gathered through investigation as well as generated on the basis of *** to summary measures and threshold conditions are also provided.

关键词： Disease transmission Mixing matrix social contact Index of disassortativity

Quantized autoencoder(QAE)intrusion detection system for anomaly detection in resource-constrained loT devices using RT-loT2022 dataset

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Cybersecurity 2024年第2期7卷 13-27页

作者： b s sharmila Rohini Nagapadma Depatment of Electronics and Communication Engineering The National Institute of EngineeringMysoreKarnataka 570008India

In recent years,many researchers focused on unsupervised learning for network anomaly detection in edge devices to identify *** deployment of the unsupervised autoencoder model is computationally expensive in resource-constrained edge *** study proposes quantized autoencoder(QAE)model for intrusion detection systems to detect *** is an optimization model derived from autoencoders that incorporate pruning,clustering,and integer quantization *** autoencoder uint8(QAE-u8)and quantized autoencoder float16(QAE-f16)are two variants of QAE built to deploy computationally expensive Al models into Edge ***,we have generated a Real-Time Internet of Things 2022 dataset for normal and attack *** autoencoder model operates on normal traffic during the training *** same model is then used to reconstruct anomaly traffic under the assumption that the reconstruction error(RE)of the anomaly will be high,which helps to identify the ***,we study the performance of the autoencoders,QAE-u8,and QAE-f16 using accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score through an extensive experimental *** showed that QAE-u8 outperforms all other models with a reduction of 70.01%in average memory utilization,92.23%in memory size compression,and 27.94%in peak CPU ***,the proposed QAE-u8 model is more suitable for deployment on resource-constrained IoT edge devices.

关键词： IoT constrained system

Fuzzy Reliability and Availability of system under a Calendar-based Inspection Involving Multiple Failures and Its Application to Wind Turbine system

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Journal of systems science and systems Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 187-206页

作者： Mintu Kumar Himani Pant s.b.singh Department of Mathematics statistics and Computer science G.B.Pant University of AgricultureTechnologyPantnagarUttarakhandIndia

Uncertainty is an important factor that needs to be considered while analyzing the performance of any engineering *** order to quantify uncertainty,fuzzy set theory is frequently used by most of researchers,including energy system *** to the classical reliability theory,component lifetimes have crisp parameters,but due to uncertainty and inaccuracy in data,it is sometimes very difficult to determine the exact values of these parameters in real-world *** overcome this difficulty in the current research,failure and repair rates were taken as triangular fuzzy numbers to determine the fuzzy availability of a system undergoing calendar-based periodic inspection subject to multiple failure modes(FMs).It was assumed that each component in the system had an exponential failure rate and repair rate with fuzzy *** FMs were explicitly taken into account when a functional state of the system was *** FM had a random failure *** the occurrence of any failure,a random time was selected for the relevant corrective repair *** proposed research was studied for one of the major sources of green energy,namely a wind turbine system wherein all the derived propositions have been implemented on it.

关键词： Fuzzy reliability fuzzy availability wind turbine system multiple failure modes triangular fuzzy number

study of hybrid nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.s.JOHN b.MAHANTHEsH G.LORENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India school of Mathematical and statistical sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,we investigate the three-dimensional flow of a water-based Ag-Mg O hybrid nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering temperature-dependent fluid *** the variable fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied by Reynolds's linearized model for variable viscosity and Chiam's model for variable thermal *** single-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describe convective heat transfer in hybrid nanofluids,incorporating the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energy,in conjunction with an incompressibility condition.A self-similar model is developed by the Lie-group scaling transformations,and the subsequent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variable fluid parameters on both swirling and non-swirling flow cases is ***,the Nusselt number for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variable fluid property Nusselt number

Astrophysical s-factor and reaction rate for 15N(p,γ)16O within the modified potential cluster model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 130-145页

作者： s.b.Dubovichenko A.s.Tkachenko R.Ya.Kezerashvili N.A.burkova b.M.Yeleusheva Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute 050020 AlmatyKazakhstan New York City College of Technology City University of New YorkBrooklyn11201 New YorkUSA Graduate school and University Center City University of New York10016 New YorkUSA al-Farabi Kazakh National University 050040 AlmatyKazakhstan

We study radiative p^(15)N capture on the ground state of ^(16)O at stellar energies within the framework of a modified potential cluster model(MPCM)with forbidden states,including low-lying *** investigation of the ^(15)N(p,γ0)^(16)O reaction includes the consideration of ^(3)s_(1) resonances due to E1 transitions and the contribution of the ^(3)P_(1) scattering wave in the p+^(15)N channel due to the ^(3)P_(1)→^(3)P_(0)M1 *** calculated the astrophysical low-energy s-factor,and the extrapolated s(0)turned out to be within 34.7−40.4 keV·*** important role of the asymptotic constant(AC)for the ^(15)N(p,γ0)16O process with interfering ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances is elucidated.A comparison of our calculation for the s-factor with existing experimental and theoretical data is addressed,and a reasonable agreement is *** reaction rate is calculated and compared with the existing *** has negligible dependence on the variation of AC but shows a strong impact of the interference of ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances in reference to the CNO Gamow windows,especially at low *** estimate the contribution of cascade transitions to the reaction rate based on the exclusive experimental data from ***.C.85,065810(2012).The reaction rate enhancement due to the cascade transitions is observed from T_(9)>0.3 and reaches the maximum factor~1.3 at T_(9)=*** present the Gamow energy window and a comparison of rates for radiative proton capture reactions ^(12)N(p,γ)^(13)O,^(13)N(p,γ)^(14)O,^(14)N(p,γ)^(15)O,and ^(15)N(p,γ)^(16)O obtained in the framework of the MPCM and provide the temperature windows,prevalence,and significance of each process.

关键词： low and astrophysical energies p^(15)N system thermonuclear reaction rate potential cluster model CNO-cycle

Direct microwave leaching conditions of rare earth elements in fluorescent wastes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1165-1174,I0007页

作者： A.bilen b.birol M.N.saridede s.s.Kaplan M.s.sonmez Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials science Stevens Institute of TechnologyNew JereyUSA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey

The luminescent phosphor powder in the fluorescent lamp constitutes 2%of the lamp’s *** can be mentioned that fluorescent wastes are a crucial raw material to produce rare earth *** the present study,microwave leaching process was conducted to dissolve rare earth elements yttrium(Y),europium(Eu),and remaining rare earth elements(REEs)present in the phosphor powder of the fluorescent *** the yields were *** the microwave leaching process,the effects of the temperature(80-160℃),acid type(hydrochloric acid(HCl),nitric acid(HNO_(3)),sulphuric acid(H_(2)sO_(4))),acid concentration(0.5-6 mol/L),solid to liquid ratio(0.1:10-0.5:10)and reaction time(5-90 min)parameters on leaching efficiencies of varying rare earth elements and calcium were *** highest yield was obtained in the direct microwave leaching of fluorescent waste with the experimental conditions of 6 mol/L HCl,160℃,0.1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio(s:L),and 90 *** energy calculations were made,and kinetic models of the reactions were obtained,and it is observed that Y and Eu dissolution is diffusion-controlled,on the other hand,lanthanum(La),cerium(Ce),and terbium(Tb)were examined to be chemical reaction ***,calcium(Ca)and gadolinium(Gd)seem coherent with the mixed ***,mathematical models of all experimental studies are created with the response surface box-behnken method and the correlation coefficients of all the models are over 90%.

关键词： Rare earth elements(REEs) Direct microwave leaching Fluorescent waste Kinetic models Response surface method

Probing the bardeen-Kiselev black hole with the cosmological constant caused by Einstein equations coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics using quasinormal modes and greybody bounds

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 102-119页

作者： s R Wu b Q Wang Z W Long College of Physics Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China

In this work,we investigate a static and spherically symmetric bardeen-Kiselev black hole(bH)with the cosmological constant,which is a solution of the Einstein-non-linear Maxwell field *** compute the quasinormal frequencies for the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant due to electromagnetic and gravitational *** varying the bH parameters,we discuss the behavior of both real and imaginary parts of the bH quasinormal frequencies and compare these frequencies with the Reissner-Nordström-de sitter bH surrounded by quintessence(RN-dsQ).Interestingly,it is shown that the responses of the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant and the RN-dsQ under electromagnetic perturbations are different when the charge parameter q,the state parameter w and the normalization factor c are varied;however,for the gravitational perturbations,the responses of the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant and the RN-dsQ are different only when the charge parameter q is ***,compared with the gravitational perturbations,the electromagnetic perturbations can be used to understand nonlinear and linear electromagnetic fields in curved spacetime *** interesting observation is that,due to the presence of Kiselev quintessence,the electromagnetic perturbations around the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant damps faster and oscillates slowly;for the gravitational perturbations,the quasinormal mode decays slowly and oscillates *** also study the reflection and transmission coefficients along with the absorption cross section in the bardeen-Kiselev bH with the cosmological constant;it is shown that the transmission coefficients will increase due to the presence of Kiselev quintessence.

关键词： quasinormal modes greybody factors bardeen-Kiselev black hole with cosmological constant