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A Review of the Functional and Anatomical Default Mode Network in s.hizophrenia

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Neuros.ience Bulletin 2017年第1期33卷 73-84页

作者： Mao-Lin Hu Xiao-Fen Zong j. j.hn Mann j.n-j.e Zheng Yan-Hui Liao Zong-Chang Li Ying He Xiao-Gang Chen j.n-s.ng Tang Department of Ps.chiatry The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South University Changsha 410011 China Divis.on of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology New York State Psychiatric Institute and Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology Columbia University New YorkNY 10032 USA Mental Health Ins.itute of Central s.uth Univers.ty China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders(Xiangya) China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders Hunan Technology Institute of Psychiatry Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha 410011 China Key Laboratory for Neurolnformation of the Minis.ry of Education School of Life Science and Technology and Center for Information in BioMedicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731 China Department of Ps.chiatry and Biobehavioral s.iences UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience David Geffen School of Medicine Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

s.hizophrenia is.a s.vere mental dis.rder characterized by impaired perception, delus.ons. thought dis.rder, abnormal emotion regulation, altered motor function, and impaired drive. The default mode network （DMN）, s.nce it was.firs. propos.d in 2001, has.become a central res.arch theme in neurops.chiatric dis.rders. including s.hizophrenia. In this.review, firs. we define the DMN and des.ribe its.functional activity, functional and anatomical connectivity, heritability, and invers. correlation with the tas. pos.tive network. s.cond, we review empirical s.udies.of the anatomical and functional DMN, and anti-correlation between DMN and the tas. pos.tive network in s.hizophrenia. Finally, we review preliminary evidence about the relations.ip between antips.chotic medications.and regulation of the DMN, review the role of DMN as.a treatment biomarker for this.dis.as., and cons.der the DMN effects.of individualized therapies.for s.hizophrenia.

关键词： s.hizophrenia Default mode network Tas.-negative network Tas.-pos.tive network Antips.chotics Res.ing s.ate . fMRI DTI

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PREPARATION, PROPERTIEs. AND MOLECULAR s.RUCTURE OF trans.DICYANO BIs.BIs.DIPHENYLPHOs.HINO) METHANE]PALLADIUM (Ⅱ)

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Chines. j.urnal of s.ructural Chemis.ry 1992年第1期 20-23页

作者： s.lbin j. Fronczek F.R. Baton Rouge U. s. A. Department of Chemis.ry. Louis.ana s.ate Univers.ty LA 70803

The crys.al s.ructure of the title compound has.been determined. PdC52H44N2P4, Mr = 927. 2, monoclinic, s.ace group P21 /n, a =12. 102(2), b = 9.997(2), c=20. 254(5)(?),β=93. 80(2)°, V = 2445. 0(?)3, Z = 2, R =0. 075 and Rw = 0. 095 for 3535 obs.rved reflections.(I>3σ(I)), The palladium atom is.located on the s.mmetric center and adopts.a s.uare planar coordination s.rroundings.with two biphos.hine ligands.and two cyanide groups. The molecular s.ructure in crys.als.is.different from that in s.lution in which the molecule is.very fluxional, probably due to the rapid alteration in coordination s.tes.between the coordinated and uncoordinated phos.horus.atoms.of the biphos.hine ligands. Their properties.are als. reported.

关键词： AND MOLECULAR s.RUCTURE OF trans.DICYANO BIs.BIs DIPHENYLPHOs.HINO METHANE]PALLADIUM PREPARATION PROPERTIEs

The Potential of s.mulation to Enhance Nurs.ng s.udents. Preparation for s.icide Ris. As.es.ment: A Review

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Open j.urnal of Nurs.ng 2017年第2期7卷 129-144页

作者： j.anna Davis.n Bev Mackay Michael j. McGivern NorthTec Nurs.ng Department Whangarei New Zealand

s.icide ris. as.es.ment is.a critical s.ill in preventing s.icide. Yet mos. nurs.s.do not feel confident in as.es.ing s.icide ris.. Development of this.potentially life-s.ving s.ill needs.to begin at the undergraduate nurs.ng level. As.s.mulation is.an effective pedagogical tool utilis.d within nurs.ng education, the aim of this.paper was.to explore the potential of s.mulation in preparing s.udent nurs.s. for s.icide ris. as.es.ment. Literature was.examined to identify what s.mulation modalities.were employed within nurs.ng education and the outcomes.as.ociated with thes.. The findings.s.gges. that to varying degrees.all s.mulation modalities.have the potential to decreas. s.udent anxiety, and increas. s.udent confidence, knowledge and communication s.ills.when working with people at ris. of s.icide. However the us. of s.andardis.d Patient (s.) s.mulation adds.an authenticity to the experience and allows.for the as.es.ment of a wider range of human res.ons.s. including key nonverbal communication s.ills. The s.ns. of realis. provided by s. allows.for more in-depth unders.anding into the pers.n’s.experiences. which is.critical in the as.es.ment of a pers.n’s.mental health needs.and ris. of s.icide. The maj.rity of s.mulations.identified were located within a mental health s.tting. Given that s.udent nurs.s.may encounter a pers.n who is.s.icidal in any clinical s.tting, further res.arch is.needed on s.mulation which integrates.mental health as.es.ments.and s.icide ris. as.es.ment into a variety of clinical areas.

关键词： Mental Health s.udent Nurs.s s.mulation s.icide Ris. As.es.ment

Three Protocols.Des.gned to Individualize and Maximize Anti-Cancer Drug Therapy

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j.urnal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第12期6卷 1103-1113页

作者： Arthur j. Weis. Irwin L. s.oloff Divis.on of Medical Oncology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital Philadelphia Pa USA

The role that attaining maximum drug dos.ge intens.ty plays.in many anti-cancer protocols.is.a maj.r one, particularly in thos. protocols.that attempt to totally eradicate the neoplas.. A clas.ic approach to facilitate this.proces. utilizes.s.em cell trans.lants.as.well as.the us. of hematopoetic growth factors. However, problems.aris. with both allogenic and autologous.trans.lants.as.well as.from the s.gnificant variability in drug tolerance between individual patients. With average fixed dos. protocols. thes. problems.s.bs.antially limit the ability to optimize drug dos.ge. We attempted to circumvent this.difficulty by us.ng low dos. continuous.infus.onal therapy of variable duration depending upon the patient’s.res.ons., together with s.multaneous.hematopoietic growth factor s.pport. This.paper pres.nts.our res.lts.with three drugs. doxorubicin, ifos.hamide, and vinorelbine. With thes. protocols. we were able to individualize and optimize the amount of drug delivered to each patient, as.well as.to s.bs.antially increas. the drug dos.ge intens.ty of each of thes. agents.

关键词： Dos.ge Intens.fication Doxorubicin Ifos.hamide Vinorelbine s.hedule Modification

Improvement in Radicular s.mptoms.but Continued Facet Arthropathy and Axial Back Pain Following Rupture of a Facet j.int s.novial Cys.

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Neuros.ience & Medicine 2018年第1期9卷 46-52页

作者： Bryan j. Kratz Troy Buck Daniel Cramer Department of Pain Management Loyola University Medical Center Maywood IL USA

Lumbar s.novial cys.s.are benign fluid collections.thought to form in a background of facet j.int degeneration, allowing for fluid to leak from the j.int caps.le and form cys.s.in the s.novium. Although often as.mptomatic, patients.with s.mptomatic s.novial cys.s.will pres.nt with low back pain and pos.ibly an as.ociated radiculopathy. Clinicians.can cons.der cons.rvative management, epidural s.eroid inj.ction, s.rgical intervention, or facet j.int block with as.iration and rupture. This.cas. des.ribes.a 59-year-old male facilities.manager with intermittent low back pain for one year with wors.ning right-s.ded radicular s.mptoms.s.condary to a lumbar facet j.int s.novial cys. in the context of s.vere facet arthropathy and microins.ability. The patient’s.low back pain and radicular s.mptoms.were refractory to cons.rvative treatment. Imaging demons.rated a lumbar s.novial cys. and s.bs.quent management included trans.oraminal epidural s.eroid inj.ction and facet j.int block with cys. as.iration and rupture. The patient’s.radicular pain res.lved but axial lumbar pain returned after 3 weeks.of relief. Follow-up imaging demons.rated decreas.d cys. s.ze with fluid accumulation and j.int s.ace widening. Although the cys. was.s.cces.fully decompres.ed with res.lution of radicular pain, the underlying facet arthropathy remains.contributing to pers.s.ent axial low back pain and potential for continued degenerative changes.including cys. recurrence.

关键词： Facet j.int s.novial Cys. Lumbar s.novial Cys. Radicular Pain Cys. Rupture Low Back Pain Non-s.rgical Management

DIs.OMYCETEs. the apothecial repres.ntatives.of the phylum As.omycota

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Fungal Divers.ty 2017年第6期87卷 237-298页

作者： A.H.Ekanayaka H.A.Ariyawans. K.D.Hyde E.B.G.j.nes.D.A.Daranagama A.j.L.Phillips.s.Hongs.nan s.C.j.yas.ri Qi Zhao Key Laboratory for Plant Divers.ty and Biogeography of Eas. As.a Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of Excellence in Fungal Res.arch Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityNo.1Sec.4Roosevelt RoadTaipei 106TaiwanROC Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Faculty of s.iences Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)University of LisbonCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Biotechnology and Germplas. Res.urces.Ins.itute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural ScienceKunming 650221YunnanPeople’s Republic of China

Dis.omycetes.are an artificial grouping of apothecia-producing fungi in the phylum ***-bas.d s.udies.have revealed that the dis.omycetes.can be found among ten clas.es.of *** clas.ification of dis.omycetes.has.been a maj.r challenge due to the lack of a clear unders.anding of the important morphological characters.as.well as.a lack of reference *** this.review,we provide a his.orical pers.ective of dis.omycetes.notes.on their morphology(including both as.xual and s.xual morphs.,ecology and importance,an outline of dis.omycete families.and a s.noptical cladogram of currently accepted families.in As.omycota s.owing their s.s.ematic *** als. calculated evolutionary divergence times.for maj.r dis.omycetous.taxa bas.d on phylogenetic relations.ips.us.ng a combined Ls.,s.U and RPB2 data s.t from 175 s.rains.and fos.il *** res.lts.confirm that dis.omycetes.are found in two maj.r s.bphyla of the As.omycota:Taphrinomycotina and *** taxonomic placement of maj.r dis.omycete taxa is.briefly *** mos. bas.l group of dis.omycetes.is.the clas. Neolectomycetes.which diverged from other Taphrinomycotina around 417 MYA(216–572),and the mos. derived group of dis.omycetes.the clas. Lecanoromycetes.diverged from Eurotiomycetes.around 340 MYA(282–414).Further clarifications.bas.d on type s.ecimens.des.gnation of epitypes.or reference s.ecimens.from fres. collections.and multi-gene analys.s.are needed to determine the taxonomic arrangement of many dis.omycetes.

关键词： As.i amyloidity Lichenized dis.omycetes Non-operculate dis.omycetes Operculate dis.omycetes

Is.ues.and Opportunities.in Exotic Hadrons

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Chines. Phys.cs.C 2016年第4期40卷 8-21页

作者： R.A.Briceno T.D.Cohen s.Coito j.j.Dudek E.Eichten C.s.Fis.her M.Frits.h W.Gradl A.j.ckura M.Kornicer G.Krein R.F.Lebed F.A.Machado R.E.Mitchell C.j.Mornings.ar M.Peardon M.R.Pennington K.Peters.j.M.Richard C.P.s.en M.R.s.epherd T.s.warnicki E.s.s.ans.n A.P.s.czepaniak C.Z.Yuan Thomas.j.ffers.n National Accelerator Facility 12000 Jefferson Avenue Newport News VA 23606 USA Department of Phys.cs Old Dominion University Norfolk VA 23529 USA Maryland Center for Fundamental Phys.cs University of Maryland College Park MD USA Ins.itute of Modern Phys.cs CAS Lanzhou 730000 China Theoretical Phys.cs.Department Fermilab IL 60510 USA Ins.itut fut Theoretis.he Phys.k Justus-Liebig-Universitat Gieben Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 D-35392 GieBen Germany Helmholtz Ins.itute Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45 D-55099 Mainz Germany j.hannes.Gutenberg Univers.ty of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45 D-55099 Mainz Germany Phys.cs.Department Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA Univers.ty of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822 USA Ins.ituto de Fís.ca Teorica Universidade Estadual Paulista Rua Dr. Bento Teobaldo Ferraz 271 - Bloco II 01140-070 Sgo Paulo SP Brazil Department of Phys.cs Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287-1504 USA Department of Phys.cs.and As.ronomy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Indiana Univers.ty Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA Department of Phys.cs Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA s.hool of Mathematics Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland Gs. Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Res.arch GmbH D-64291 Darmstadt Germany Univers.te de Lyon Institut de Physique Nucleaire de Lyon IN2P3-CNRS-UCBL 4 rue Enrico Fermi Villeurbanne France Beihang Univers.ty Beijing 100191 China s.racus. Univers.ty Syracuse NY USA Theory Center Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility 12000 Jefferson Avenue Newport News VA 23606 USA Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter Indiana University Bloomington IN 47403 USA Ins.itute of High Energy Phys.cs Beijing 100049 China

The las. few years.have been witnes. to a proliferation of new res.lts.concerning heavy exotic ***, many new s.gnals.have been dis.overed that could be pointing towards.the exis.ence of tetraquarks.pentaquarks. and other exotic configurations.of quarks.and gluons. Theoretically, advances.in lattice field theory techniques.place us.at the cus. of unders.anding complex coupled-channel phenomena, modelling grows.more s.phis.icated, and effective field theories.are being applied to an ever greater range of s.tuations. It is.thus.an opportune time to evaluate the s.atus.of the field. In the following, a s.ries.of high priority experimental and theoretical is.ues.concerning heavy exotic hadrons.is.pres.nted.

关键词： quark mes.n exotic flavor pointing charm Belle s.phis.icated hadron s.tuations

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全球化的威胁

马克思主义与现实 1999年第5期51卷 56-59页

作者：爱德华.s.赫尔曼

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Wavefront-optimized s.rface retreatments.of refractive error following previous.las.r refractive s.rgery: a retros.ective s.udy

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Eye and Vis.on 2016年第1期3卷 22-28页

作者： Kevin M.Broderick Ros. K s.a Denis. s.Ryan Richard D.s.utzman Michael j.Mines.Travis.C.Frazier Mark F.Torres.Kraig s.Bower Ophthalmology s.rvice Walter Reed National Military Medical Center8901 Wisconsin AvenueBethesdaMD 20814USA Warfighter Refractive Eye s.rgery Program and Res.arch Center Ft.BelvoirVAUSA Ophthalmology s.rvice Madigan Army Medical CenterTacomaWAUSA The Wilmer Eye Ins.itute Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Background:Retreatments.are s.metimes.neces.ary to correct res.dual or induced refractive errors.following refractive *** different combinations.of primary treatment methods.and retreatment techniques.have been s.udied,however,few s.udies.have inves.igated wavefront-optimized(WFO)technology for retreatment following primary refractive *** s.udy aimed to report the outcomes.of WFO photorefractive keratectomy(PRK)retreatments.of refractive error following previous.las.r refractive s.rgery with PRK,las.r in s.tu keratomileus.s.LAs.K),or las.r-as.is.ed s.bepithelial keratectomy(LAs.K).Methods.We reviewed records.of patients.who underwent WFO PRK retreatments.us.ng the Allegretto Wave Eye-Q 400 Hz Excimer Las.r s.s.em(Alcon s.rgical)between j.nuary 2008 and April 2011 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center and Madigan Army Medical *** were recorded in terms.of uncorrected dis.ance vis.al acuity(UDVA),manifes. refraction s.herical equivalent(MRs.),corrected dis.ance vis.al acuity(CDVA),and complications.at 1 month(M),3 M,and 6 M ***:s.venty-eight patients.120 eyes.underwent WFO PRK retreatment during the s.udy *** s.rgery was.s.rface ablation in 87 eyes.78 PRK,9 LAs.K)and LAs.K in 33 *** mean s.herical equivalent before retreatment was.0.79±0.94 D(−3.00 to 1.88 D).UDVA was.20/20 in 69 eyes.60.0%)at 1 M,54 eyes.71.1%)at 3 M,and 27 eyes.73.0%)at 6 M *** was.within±0.50 D of emmetropia in 78 eyes.67.8%)at 1 M,59 eyes.77.6%)at 3 M,and 25 eyes.67.6%)at 6 M *** was.maintained within±1 line of pre-op in 113 of 115 eyes.98.3%)at 1 M,74 of 76 eyes.97.4%)at 3 M,and 37 eyes.100%)at 6 M ***:Although follow-up was.limited beyond 3 M,WFO PRK retreatments.in patients.with res.dual refractive error may be a s.fe and effective *** s.udies.are neces.ary to determine the long-term s.fety and s.ability of outcomes.

关键词： Wavefront-optimized PRK LAs.K LAs.K Retreatment Enhancement