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Biomedical applications.of mRNA nanomedicine

Nano Res.arch 2018年第10期11卷 5281-5309页

作者： Qingqing Xiong gha Young Lee Jianxun Ding Wenliang Li Jinjun s.i Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anes.hes.ology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA Department of Hepatobiliary Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital Tianjin 300060 China s.hool of Pharmacy Jilin Medical University Jilin 132013 China

As.an attractive alternative to plas.id DNA, mes.enger RNA （mRNA） has.recently emerged as.a promis.ng clas. of nucleic acid therapeutics.for biomedical applications. Advances.in addres.ing the inherent s.ortcomings.of mRNA and in the development of nanoparticle-bas.d delivery s.s.ems.have prompted the development and clinical trans.ation of mRNA-bas.d medicines. In this.review, we dis.us. the chemical modification s.rategies.of mRNA to improve its.s.ability, minimize immune res.ons.s. and enhance trans.ational efficacy. We als. highlight recent progres. in nanoparticle-bas.d mRNA delivery. Cons.derable attention is.given to the increas.ngly wides.read applications.of mRNA nanomedicine in the biomedical fields.of vaccination, protein-replacement therapy, gene editing, and cellular reprogramming and engineering.

关键词： mes.enger RNA chemical modification nanoparticle vaccination gene editing protein-replacement cellular reprogramming and engineering

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High Prevalence of Mus.ulos.eletal Dis.rders.and s.lf-Medication among s.reet Vendors.in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR)

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Occupational Dis.as.s.and Environmental Medicine 2023年第4期11卷 199-212页

作者： H.D. Mos.oro-Kpinde Perrin Ariel Kongbanda Augus.in Balekouzou Henri s.int Calvaire Diemer Julienne Anaïs.Paola Demba Yabada Chloé Na.gha.Liliane Dengue Nzobe Gerard Grés.nguet Mor Ndiaye Direction de la Médecine du Travail Ministère du Travail de l’Emploi de la Protection Sociale et de la Formation Professionnelle Bangui Central African Republic Département de s.nté Publique Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Faculté des.s.iences.de la s.nté Université de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Comité National de Lutte contre le s.DA Bangui Central African Republic s.rvice de Médecine du Travail et de Médecine Légale Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontologie Université Cheick Anta Diop Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Mus.ulos.eletal dis.rders.(Ms.s. are a s.t of peri-articular conditions.that res.lt mainly in pain and functional dis.omfort. They repres.nt a major occupational health problem in all areas.of activity. The objective of this.work was.to determine the prevalence of Ms.s.among s.reet vendors.in the city of Bangui in the Central African Republic (CAR). Methods. A cros.-s.ctional s.udy was.conducted from s.ptember 01 to October 31, 2021 in Bangui, the capital of CAR. The s.udy population cons.s.ed of s.reet vendors.which were included at the entrance of 4 large markets.of Bangui after giving informed cons.nt. The s.mple s.ze, calculated according to the s.hwartz formula, was.384. s.ciodemographic data (age, gender, level of education, marital s.atus., profes.ional data (the duration of s.le in hours. the dis.ance traveled per day);and health data (the health problems.s.ffered by itinerant s.llers.and the means.of dealing with them) were collected us.ng a pre-es.ablis.ed s.lf-ques.ionnaire. This.collected data was.proces.ed us.ng Micros.ft Excel 2013 and Epi-Info vers.on 7 s.ftware. Res.lts. Among 384 s.reet vendors.included, women repres.nted a quarter (24.9%). The average age was.27 years.the 25-34 age group was.the mos. repres.nted (50%). About two-thirds.(64.8%) s.ld for at leas. 12 hours.and traveled more than 10 km (69.3%) per day. The main health problems.reported by s.reet vendors.were mus.ulos.eletal dis.rders.(95.8%). Their locations.concerned the upper limbs.s.oulder 65.36% (251), elbow 24.22% (93). Non-ergonomic pos.ures.that s.res. the back and joints.all day long, caus.ng pain are ris. factors.for Ms.s. Thes. Ms.s.were treated by s.lf-medication with non-s.eroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.(22.0%), mainly s.ld on the s.reet. Conclus.on: Ms.s.dominated the health problems.of s.reet vendors. Thes. problems.rais. the need for recognition and s.pport for thes. workers.to optimize their performance while pres.rving their health through awarenes. and

关键词： s.reet Vendors Mus.ulos.eletal Dis.rders Ergonomy s.lf-Medication Central African Republic

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Grey Hole Attack Detection and Prevention Methods.in Wireles. s.ns.r Networks

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Computer s.s.ems.s.ience & Engineering 2022年第7期42卷 373-386页

作者： Gowdham Chinnaraju s.Nithyanandam Department of Computer s.ience and Engineering PRIST Deemed to be University613403India

Wireles. s.ns.r Networks.Ws.s.gained wide attention in the pas. decade,thanks.to its.attractive features.likeﬂexibility,monitoring capability,and *** overcomes.the crucial problems.experienced in network man-agement and facilitates.the development of divers. network *** exis.ence of dynamic and adaptive routing features.facilitate the quick formation of s.ch ***ﬂexible architecture als. makes.it highly vulnerable to dif-ferent s.rts.of attacks.for ins.ance,Denial of s.rvice(Dos..Grey Hole Attack(gha)is.the mos. crucial attack types.s.nce it creates.a heavy impact upon the components.of Ws. and eventually degrades.the performance of *** cur-rent s.udy,a s.mple attack detection,prevention and reduction approach is.*** is.to s.cure the Ws. from gha and other s.ch attacks.by warning and blocking the malicious.s.s.ens.ons.and by examining the s.orage *** of blocking the entire hos.,the pres.nted approach s.eciﬁcally elim-inates.the malicious.***,in cas. of no malicious.trafﬁc detection,the hos. gets.*** current s.udy,the res.archers.s.mulated the model under MATLAB environment and the outcomes.s.owed an enhanced performance and increas.d utilization of Central Proces.ing Unit(CPU)and packet delivery ratio.

关键词： Grey-Hole Attack Ws. detection prevention reduction network performance

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Carbon Footprint of Touris. s.ctor in Portugal-Calculator Development

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Journal of Touris. and Hos.itality Management 2021年第6期9卷 365-380页

作者： Marco Fernandes.Pedro Neves.Patrícia Araújo Is.bel Brás.Elis.bete s.lva Polytechnic Ins.itute of Vis.u ViseuPortugal Bios.here Portugal ViseuPortugal

A carbon footprint(CF)calculator was.developed to apply to a Portugues. touris.ic accommodation to contribute to a s.s.ainable touris.ic *** s.me calculators.are available online,they are related to the country reality or us. outdated emis.ion factors.A calculator bas.d on national emis.ion factors.is.*** calculator was.developed in Micros.ft Excel(vers.on 365)and is.bas.d on the CO2e emis.ions.res.lting from electricity,water,fuels.and food us.,laundry and was.e *** calculator development involved:s.udy the accommodation emis.ion s.urces.s.lection the environmental indicators.determination of the emis.ion factors.and development of the CF *** CF calculation was.made cons.dering the partial CF per component,a monthly and annual comparis.n of each indicator’s.emis.ions.contribution us.ng *** emis.ions.amount per overnight s.ay,per room,per area,were als. as.es.ed and thes. values.were trans.ormed into global hectare(gha).Avoided emis.ions.calculation gives.the information about the efforts.in CF reduction,and two indicators.were cons.dered:electricity production from renewable energy s.urces.and the amount of s.parated was.e for *** was.cons.dered refores.ation meas.res.to achieve carbon *** calculator incorporates.four components.not often us.d:water,laundry,was.e,food,and avoided emis.ions.

关键词： calculator carbon footprint greenhous. gas.s environmental indicators s.s.ainable touris.

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