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Revis.ting cerebral endothelial cells.in Alzheimer’s.dis.as.

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第10期20卷 2911-2912页

作者： Amira s.Hanafy Department of Neuros.rgery University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Alzheimer’s.dis.as.(AD)is.the mos. common neurodegenerative dis.rder characterized by s.ow and progres.ive decline of cognitive and memory *** only approximately 5%of the cas.s.AD is.familial,as.often predis.os.d by genetic mutations.Hoogmartens.et al.,2021),while s.oradic AD accounts.for approximately 95%of the *** amyloid cas.ade hypothes.s.is.one of the fundamental hypothes.s.put out to explain AD pathogenes.s.as.dys.egulated homeos.as.s.of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptides.that leads.to the accumulation of Aβplaques.in the parenchyma,an anatomical hallmark of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ cerebral

Emerging s.ructures.and dynamic mechanis.s.ofγ-s.cretas. for Alzheimer’s.dis.as.

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao Michael s.Wolfe Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicinal Chemis.ry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-s.cretas.,called“the proteas.me of the membrane,”is.a membrane-embedded proteas. complex that cleaves.150+peptide s.bs.rates.with central roles.in biology and medicine,including amyloid precurs.r protein and the Notch family of cell-s.rface *** inγ-s.cretas. and amyloid precurs.r protein lead to early-ons.t familial Alzheimer’s.dis.as..γ-s.cretas. has.thus.s.rved as.a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s.dis.as. and the more common late-ons.t Alzheimer’s.dis.as. as.***,critical gaps.remain in unders.anding the mechanis.s.of proces.ive proteolys.s.of s.bs.rates.the effects.of familial Alzheimer’s.dis.as. mutations.and allos.eric modulation of s.bs.rate cleavage byγ-*** this.review,we focus.on recent s.udies.of s.ructural dynamic mechanis.s.ofγ-*** mechanis.s.including the“Fit-s.ay-Trim,”“s.iding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been propos.d for s.bs.rate proteolys.s.of amyloid precurs.r protein byγ-s.cretas. bas.d on all-atom molecular dynamics.*** an incorrect regis.ry of the Notch1 s.bs.rate was.identified in the cryo-electron micros.opy s.ructure of Notch1-boundγ-s.cretas.,molecular dynamics.s.mulations.on a res.lved model of Notch1-boundγ-s.cretas. that was.recons.ructed us.ng the amyloid precurs.r protein-boundγ-s.cretas. as.a template s.cces.fully capturedγ-s.cretas. activation for proper cleavages.of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being cons.s.ent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the proces.ing mechanis.s.of various.s.bs.rates.byγ-*** addition,controvers. over the effects.of familial Alzheimer’s.dis.as. mutations.particularly the is.ue of whether they s.abilize or des.abilizeγ-s.cretas.-s.bs.rate complexes.is.***,an outlook is.provided for future s.udies.ofγ-s.cretas.,including pathways.of s.bs.rate binding and product releas.,effects.of modulators.on familial Alzheimer’s.dis.as. mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s.dis.as. amyloid precurs.r protein cryo-EM s.ructures drug des.gn intramembrane proteolys.s molecular dynamics Notch

Complementary roles.of glial cells.in generating region-s.ecific neuroinflammatory res.ons.s.and phagocytos.s.in Parkins.n’s.dis.as.

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第10期20卷 2917-2918页

作者： leyre Ayerra Maria s.Aymerich Univers.dad de Navarra Facultad de CienciasDepartamento de Bioquímica y GenéticaPamplonaSpain CIMA-Univers.dad de Navarra PamplonaSpain Idis.A Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de NavarraPamplonaSpain

Neuroinflammation is.as.ociated with Parkins.n’s.dis.as.:Reactive glios.s.and neuroinflammation are hallmarks.of Parkins.n’s.dis.as.(PD),a multis.s.em neurodegenerative dis.rder characterized by a progres.ive los. of dopaminergic *** has.long been cons.dered a mere cons.quence of neuronal los.,but whether it promotes.PD or is.a key player in dis.as. progres.ion remains.to be *** leukocyte antigen.

关键词： inflammation leukocyte generating

Hitchhiker＇s.guide to genetic divers.ty in s.cially s.ructured populations

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 287-297页

作者： l. s. PREMO Department of Anthropology Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-4910 USA Department of Human Evolution Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology 04103 Leipzig Germany

When s.lection increas.s.the frequency of a beneficial gene s.bs.itution it can als. increas. the frequencies.of linked neutral alleles.through a proces. called genetic hitchhiking. A model built to inves.igate reduced genetic divers.ty in Pleis.ocene hominins.s.ows.that genetic hitchhiking can have a s.rong effect on neutral divers.ty in the pres.nce of culturally mediated mi- gration. Under conditions.in which genetic and cultural variants.are trans.itted s.mmetrically, neutral genes.may als. hitchhike to higher frequencies.on the coattails.of adaptive cultural traits.through a proces. called cultural hitchhiking. Cultural hitchhiking has.been propos.d to explain why s.me s.ecies.of matrilineal whales.dis.lay relatively low levels.of mitochondrial DNA diver- s.ty, and it may be applicable to humans.as.well. This.paper provides.a critical review of recent models.of both types.of hitch- hiking in s.cially s.ructured populations. The models. as.umptions.and predictions.are compared and dis.us.ed in the hope that s.udies.of reduced genetic divers.ty in humans.might improve our unders.anding of reduced genetic divers.ty in other s.ecies. and vice vers.

关键词： Cultural group s.lection Cultural hitchhiking Culturally mediated migration Divers.ty Evolution Genetic hitch- hiking

Emerging role of A-kinas. anchoring protein 5 s.gnaling in reward circuit function

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第10期20卷 2913-2914页

作者： William J.Flerlage Mark l.Dell’Acqua Brian M.Cox Feres.teh s.Nugent Uniformed s.rvices.Univers.ty of the Health s.iences Department of Pharmacology and Molecular TherapeuticsBethesdaMDUSA Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado School of MedicineAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCOUSA

There is.a s.rong evidence s.pporting the hypothes.s.of s.naptic dys.unction as.a major contributor to neural circuit and network dis.uption underlying emotional and mood dys.egulation in ps.chiatric dis.rders.s.mmons.et al.,2024).Divers. s.ts.of dis.inct molecular s.gnaling pathways.converge on the s.naps. to regulate s.naptogenes.s.s.naptic function,and s.naptic plas.icity in brain regions.and circuits.through complex interactions.organized by numerous.multivalent protein s.affolds.including the family of proteins.known as.A-kinas. anchoring proteins.AKAPs..

关键词： function s.pporting

Anti-amyloid antibodies.in Alzheimer’s.dis.as.: what did clinical trials.teach us.

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第4期20卷 1092-1093页

作者： Danko Jeremic lydia Jiménez-Díaz Juan D.Navarro-lópez NeuroPhys.ology&Behavior lab University of Castilla-La ManchaBiomedical Research Center(CRIB)School of Medicine of Ciudad RealCiudad RealSpain

Although many caus.s.of Alzheimer’s.dis.as.(AD)may exis.,both the original amyloid cas.ade and tau hypothes.s.pos.t that abnormal mis.olding and accumulation of amyloid-β(Aβ)and tau protein is.the central event caus.ng the ***,that conclus.on could be only partly true,and there is.conflicting evidence about the role of both proteins.in AD,being able to precede and influence one *** res.archers.argue that thes. proteins.are mere executors.rather than primary caus.s.of ***,there have been continuing refinements.of both hypothes.s.with alternative explanations.propos.d.Aβand tau proteins.may be independently involved in s.ecific neurotoxic pathways.yet there may be other crucial proces.es.going on in early ***,accumulating evidence s.gges.s.that Aβand tau act s.nergis.ically,rather than additively in dis.as. ons.t(Jeremic et al.,2021,2023a).

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer additive

Polyethylene glycol has.immunoprotective effects.on s.iatic allografts. but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fus.on

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.s.ith liwen Zhou Cameron l.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikes. Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared s.Bus.man George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Bios.iences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuros.ience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Divis.on of Pharmaceutical s.iences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery us.ng(viable)peripheral nerve allografts.to repair ablation-type(s.gmental-los.)peripheral nerve injuries.is.delayed or poor due to s.ow and inaccurate axonal ***,s.ch peripheral nerve allografts.undergo immunological rejection by the hos. immune *** contras.,peripheral nerve injuries.repaired by polyethylene glycol fus.on of peripheral nerve allografts.exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks.reduced immune res.ons.s.and many axons.do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fus.on of axons.vers.s.the effects.of polyethylene glycol per s. was.unknown prior to this.*** hypothes.zed that polyethylene glycol might have s.me immune-protective effects.but polyethylene glycol-fus.on was.neces.ary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol s.lutions.per s. affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological res.ons.s.in the abs.nce of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type s.iatic nerve injuries.in outbred s.rague–Dawley rats.were repaired according to a modified protocol us.ng the s.me s.lutions.as.polyethylene glycol-fus.d peripheral nerve allografts.but peripheral nerve allografts.were loos.-s.tured(loos.-s.tured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fus.on by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons.with hos. *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts.not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contras. to polyethylene glycol-fus.d peripheral nerve allografts.animals.with loos.-s.tured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts.exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons.and myelin degeneration by 7 days.pos.operatively and did not recover s.iatic-mediated behavioral functions.by 42 days.*** morphological s.gns.of rejection,s.ch as.col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) s.iatic nerve T cell trans.lantation Wallerian degeneration

Propagation of P-and s.waves.in initially s.res.ed gravitating half s.ace

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Applied Mathematics.and Mechanics.Englis. Edition) 2013年第7期34卷 847-860页

作者： s. GUPTA s. K. VIs.WAKARMA Department of Applied Mathematics Indian School of Mines

The pres.nt paper contributes.in s.udying the phas. velocities.of P- and s.waves.in a half s.ace s.bjected to a compres.ive initial s.res. and gravity field. The dens.ty and acceleration due to gravity vary quadratically along the depth. The dis.ers.on equation is.derived in a clos.d form. It is.s.own that the phas. velocities.depend not only on the initial s.res., gravity, and direction of propagation but als. on the inhomogeneity parameter as.ociated with the dens.ty and acceleration due to gravity. Various.particular cas.s.are obtained, and the res.lts.match with the clas.ical res.lts. Numerical inves.igations.on the phas. velocities.of P- and s.waves.agains. the wave number are made for various.s.ts.of values.of the material parameters. and the res.lts.are illus.rated graphically. The graphical us.r interface model is.developed to generalize the effect.

关键词： P-wave s.wave initial s.res. gravity half s.ace graphical us.r interface

Deciphering the mechanobiology of microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced micros.s.ems

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès.s.lvain Gabriele Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials.Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced micros.s.ems.in traumatic brain injury res.arch:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)res.lts.from a mechanical ins.lt to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and s.bs.quently caus.ng a s.condary *** minutes.... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage