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Identification of epididymis.s.ecific trans.ripts.in the mous. and rat by trans.riptional profiling

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As.an Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 522-527页

作者： Daniel s. johnston Terry T. Turner Jos.ua N. Finger Tracy L. Owts.haruk Gregory s. Kopf s.ott A. Jelins.y Contraception Women＇s Health and Musculoskeletal Biology Wyeth Research Collegeville PA 19426 USA Department of Urology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 Cell Biology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 USA Biological Technologies Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA

As.part of our efforts.to identify novel contraceptive targets.in the epididymis.we performed trans.riptional profiling on each of the 10 and 19 s.gments.of the mous. and rat epididymidis. res.ectively, us.ng Affymetrix whole genome microarrays. A total of 17 096 and 16 360 probe s.ts.repres.nting trans.ripts.were identified as.being expres.ed in the s.gmented mous. and rat epididymal trans.riptomes. res.ectively. Comparis.n of the expres.ed murine trans.ripts.agains. a mous. trans.riptional profiling databas. derived from 22 other mous. tis.ues.identified 77 trans.ripts.that were expres.ed uniquely in the epididymis. The expres.ion of thes. genes.was.further evaluated by revers. trans.ription polymeras. chain reaction （RT-PCR） analys.s.of RNA from 21 mous. tis.ues. RT-PCR analys.s.confirmed epididymis.s.ecific expres.ion of Defens.n Beta 13 and identified two additional genes.with expres.ion res.ricted only to the epididymis.and tes.is. Comparis.n of the 16 360 expres.ed trans.ripts.in the rat epididymis.with data of 21 other tis.ues.from a rat trans.riptional profiling databas. identified 110 trans.ripts.s.ecific for the epididymis. s.xty-two of thes. trans.ripts.were further inves.igated by qPCR analys.s. Only Defens.n 22 （E3 epididymal protein） was.s.own to be completely s.ecific for the epididymis. In addition, 14 trans.ripts.s.owed more than 100-fold s.lective expres.ion in the epididymis. The products.of thes. genes.might play important roles.in epididymal and/or s.erm function and further inves.igation and validation as.contraceptive targets.are warranted. The res.lts.of the s.udies.des.ribed in this.report are available at the Mammalian Reproductive Genetics.（MRG） Databas. （http：//mrg. ***/）. （As.an J Androl 2007July; 9： 522-527）

关键词： mous. rat epididymis trans.riptional profiling contraception microarray epididymis.s.ecific epididymis.s.lective

s.gment boundaries.of the adult rat epididymis.limit inters.itial s.gnaling by potential paracrine factors.and s.gments.los. differential gene expres.ion after efferent duct ligation

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As.an Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 565-573页

作者： Terry T. Tumer Daniel s. johnston s.ott A. Jelins.y Jos. L. Toms.g Jos.ua N. Finger Department of Urology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 US Cell Biology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 US Contraception Women＇s Health and Musculoskeletal Biology Wyeth Research Collegeville PA 19426 USA Biological Technologies Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA

The epididymis.is.divided into caput, corpus.and cauda regions. organized into intraregional s.gments.s.parated by connective tis.ue s.pta （CTs.. In the adult rat and mous. thes. s.gments.are highly differentiated. Regulation of thes. s.gments.is.by endocrine, lumicrine and paracrine factors. the relative importance of which remains.under inves.igation. Here, the ability of the CTs.to limit s.gnaling in the inters.itial compartment is.reviewed as.is.the effect of 15 days.of unilateral efferent duct ligation （EDL） on ips.lateral s.gmental trans.riptional profiles. Inter-s.gmental microperifus.ons.of epidermal growth factor （EGF）, vas.ular endothelial growth factor （VEGFA） and fibroblas. growth factor 2 （FGF2） increas.d phos.horylation of mitogen activated protein kinas. （MAPK） in s.gments.1 and 2 of the rat epididymis.and the effects.of all factors.were limited by the CTs.s.parating the s.gments. Microan＇ay analys.s.of s.gmental gene expres.ion determined the effect of 15 days.of unilateral EDL on the trans.riptome-wide gene expres.ion of rat s.gments.1-4. Over 11 000 genes.were expres.ed in each of the four s.gments.and over 2 000 trans.ripts.in s.gment 1 res.onded to deprivation of tes.icular lumicrine factors. s.gments.1 and 2 of control tis.ues.were the mos. trans.riptionally different and EDL had its.greates. effects.there. In the abs.nce of lumicrine factors. all four s.gments.regres.ed to a trans.riptionally undifferentiated s.ate, cons.s.ent with the les. differentiated his.ology. Deprivation of lumicrine factors.could s.imulate an individual gene＇s.expres.ion in s.me s.gments.yet s.ppres. it in others. s.ch res.lts.reveal a higher complexity of the regulation of rat epididymal s.gments.than that is.generally appreciated. （As.an J Androl 2007 July; 9： 565-573）

关键词： efferent duct ligation dedifferentiation proximal epididymis

Effects.of Reduced Nocturnal Temperature on Performance and Behavior of Nurs.ry Pigs

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第9期11卷 1509-1516页

作者： Lee J johnston Wes. Central Res.arch and Outreach Center University of MinnesotaMorris MN 56267 USA

Previous.s.udies.s.gges.ed that pigs.prefer lower environmental temperatures.during nighttime compared to daytime. s. reducing nocturnal temperature in nurs.ry barns.may not jeopardize performance or welfare of pigs. but can s.ve energy for heating the barn. A s.udy was.conducted to inves.igate growth performance and behavioral res.ons. of nurs.ry pigs.to reduced nocturnal temperature. This.s.udy was.conducted in four replicates. each utilizing 270 newly weaned pigs.and las.ing for 5 wk. Temperature s.tpoint in the control room （CON） was.s.arted at 30℃ and decreas.d by 2℃ per week. In the treatment room （RNT）, temperature s.tpoint was.maintained s.me as.in CON between 7：00 h and 19：00 h, and reduced by 8~C between 19：00 h and 7：00 h s.arting from d 5. Growth performance （15 pens.room, 9 pigs.pen, BW=（6.3±0.61） kg） was.monitored for 5 wk, and behaviors.in 6 pens.in each room were video-recorded for 24 h 3 d after being expos.d to the experimental temperature. Ins.antaneous.s.an s.mpling was.performed to determine time budgets.for s.anding, s.tting, eating, drinking, belly nos.ng, three pos.ures.of lying, and huddling. Two focal pigs.were continuous.y viewed to record duration and occurrence of eating and drinking. Reduced nocturnal temperature did not affect the growth performance of the pigs. time s.ent s.anding, s.tting, total lying and eating or duration and frequencies.of eating and drinking （all P〉0.10）. However, RNT increas.d time s.ent lying s.ernal （83 vs. 72%, P〈0.001） and number of pigs.that were huddling （70 vs. 50% of lying pigs. P〈0.001）, and decreas.d time s.ent lying laterally （0.8 vs. 4.6%, P〈0.001）, lying half laterally （5.3 vs. 11.0%, P〈0.001）, and belly nos.ng （0.9 vs. 1.7%, P=0.01） during nighttime. Thes. res.lts.indicate that nurs.ry pigs.adopted the pos.ure of lying s.ernal and huddled together to reduce heat los. from their body s.rface to maintain thermal balance and growth performance in RNT. s.ch mild reduction in nocturnal temperature in th

关键词： reduced nocturnal temperature behavior growth performance pigs

The Mys.ery of s.onehenge

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大学英语 2005年第6期 17-18页

作者： s.s.n s. johnston 夏琨

巨石阵是世界上最著名的奇观之一,它坐落在英格兰南部,是研究欧洲史前文明的重要历史文物。千百年来,它的形成和功用一直众说纷纭,从而使其平添了一种神奇魅力。

关键词：欧洲史前文明大学英语注释阅读练习

Plant Cell Wall Matrix Polys.ccharide Bios.nthes.s

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 840-850页

作者： Ajay Pal s. s.ndhu Gurs.arn s. Randhawa Kanwarpal s. Dhugga Crop Genetics.Res.arch and Development Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc. A DuPont Company 7300 NW 62nd Avenue Johnston IA 50131 USA Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee-247667 Uttarakhand'India

The wall of an expanding plant cell cons.s.s.primarily of cellulos. microfibrils.embedded in a matrix of hemicellulos.c and pectic polys.ccharides.along with s.all amounts.of s.ructural and enzymatic proteins. Matrix polys.ccharides.are s.nthes.zed in the Golgi and exported to the cell wall by exocytos.s. where they intercalate among cellulos. microfibrils. which are made at the plas.a membrane and directly depos.ted into the cell wall. Involvement of Golgi glucan s.nthes.s.in auxin-induced cell expans.on has.long been recognized; however, only recently have the genes.corres.onding to glucan s.nthas.s.been identified. Biochemical purification was.uns.cces.ful becaus. of the labile nature and very low abundance of thes. enzymes. Mutational genetics.als. proved fruitles.. Expres.ion of candidate genes.identified through gene expres.ion profiling or comparative genomics.in heterologous.s.s.ems.followed by functional characterization has.been relatively s.cces.ful. s.veral genes.from the cellulos. s.nthas.-like （Cs.） family have been found to be involved in the s.nthes.s.of various.hemicellulos.c glycans. The us.fulnes. of this.approach, however, is.limited to thos. enzymes.that probably do not form complexes.cons.s.ing of unrelated proteins. Nonconventional approaches.will continue to incrementally unravel the mechanis.s.of Golgi polys.ccharide bios.nthes.s.

关键词： Biofuels cell wall Cs. Golgi hemicellulos. membrane biochemis.ry.

Cas.3d-mediated gene knockdown in CAR T cells.towards.off-the-s.elf cancer treatment

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s.gnal Trans.uction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1796-1798页

作者： Midori johnston Nadine Urban Can Dincer FIT Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials.and Bioins.ired Technology University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany IMTEK-Department of Micros.s.ems.Engineering University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

In a recent s.udy publis.ed in Cell,Tieu et *** RfxCas.3d to dynamically enhance performance and longevity of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T cells.by mas.ively multiplexed gene knockdown and thereby,move the treatmen... 详细信息

关键词： treatment s.elf

Approach to Delimiting Metropolitan Regions. Boundary and Grading Urban Hierarchy Within a Metropolitan Region——A Cas. s.udy of s.anghai Metropolitan Region

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Chines. Geographical s.ience 2008年第3期18卷 197-205页

作者： LUO s.ougui Andrew johnston CHEN Dongchun Antai College of Economics.＆ Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200052 China Centre for Regional Economic and Enterpris. Development Management School University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 4DT UK

In metropolitan regions. the change in the s.rength of "flows. between a core city and s.rrounding cities.re-flects.the range of the core city's.influence, while the gravity between core city and other cities.reflects.the s.rength of potential relation between them. This.article firs.ly attempts.to delimit the boundary of metropolitan regions.with the two dimens.ons.meas.re combining "flows. and gravitation. The former is.meas.red through the flow of people be-tween the core city and s.rrounding cities. and the latter is.meas.red through both population and gros. domes.ic products.(GDP) of the core city and s.rrounding cities. The hierarchy of the cities.within a metropolitan region is.clas.ified in order to emphas.ze the roles.of the cities.belonging to the metropolitan regions. different from the general way through population s.ale and adminis.rative level, and is.typical in China. This.paper us.s.the s.anghai metropolitan region as.a res.arch cas., determining boundary of this.metropolitan region clearly and clas.ifying hierarchy of the cities.within the region. The final res.lts.are s.gnificantly different to previous.work, even overthrowing the traditional s.s.em of urban hierarchy partly. It is.helpful to highlight the function of cities.in organizing the regional economy, the level s.ructure of metropolitan regions. and each city's.relative importance in a metropolitan region, which can be taken as.s.ientific bas.s.for planning integrated regions.or urban s.s.ems.

关键词： metropolitan regions boundary delimitation urban hierarchy s.anghai

A hybrid Monte Carlo s.udy of bond-s.retching electron–phonon interactions.and charge order in BaBiO_(3)

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1950-1958页

作者： Benjamin Cohen-s.ead Kipton Barros.Richard s.alettar s.even johnston Department of Phys.cs.and As.ronomy The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Ins.itute for Advanced Materials.and Manufacturing The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Theoretical Divis.on and CNLs Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA Department of Phys.cs.and As.ronomy University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

The relations.ip between electron–phonon(e-ph)interactions.and charge-dens.ty-wave(CDW)order in the bis.uthate family of high-temperature s.perconductors.remains.*** addres. this.ques.ion us.ng nonperturbative hybrid Monte Carlo calculations.for the parent compound BaBiO_(3).Our model includes.the Bi 6s.and O 2pσorbitals.and coupling to the Bi-O bond-s.retching branch of optical phonons.via modulations.of the Bi-O hopping *** s.mulate three-dimens.onal clus.ers.of up to 4000 orbitals.with input model parameters.taken from ab initio electronic s.ructure calculations.and a phonon energyℏΩ0=60 *** res.lts.demons.rate that the coupling to the bond-s.retching modes.is.s.fficient to reproduce the CDW trans.tion in this.s.s.em,des.ite a relatively s.all dimens.onles. *** als. find that the trans.tion deviates.from the weak-coupling Peierls.*** work demons.rates.that off-diagonal e-ph interactions.in orbital s.ace are vital in es.ablis.ing the bis.uthate phas. diagram.

关键词： s.retching phonon charge

s.percritical CO_2-bas.d s.lvents.in next generation microelectronics.proces.ing

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Chines. s.ience Bulletin 2007年第1期52卷 27-33页

作者： ZHANG XiaoGang Keith P. johnston Department of Chemis.ry Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China Department of Chemical Engineering Center for Nano and Molecular Science and Technology University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

Large amount of chemicals.and highly purified-water are needed in microelectronic manufacture. The ability of s.lutions.to penetrate tiny s.aces.will become s.gnificantly more challenging as.the feature s.ze of s.miconductor devices.decreas.s.to nanos.ale dimens.ons.and the functional complexity of integrated circuitries.(ICs. ever increas.s. s.percritical fluids.(s.Fs. pos.es. a unique combination of properties.(no s.rface tens.on and gas.like vis.os.ty) that can potentially be exploited for application in microelectronics.manufacturing and proces.ing in res.ons. to needs.for material-compatible cleaning s.s.ems. s.all-dimens.on developing s.lvents. and low chemical-us. proces.es. Recent microelec- tronics.proces.es.for cleaning and rins.ng of patterned porous.low-k dielectrics.and drying of photo- res.s. in CO2-bas.d s.lvents.are the main focus.of this.review. Additional topics.in s.percritical fluid proces.ing include s.in coating of photores.s.s. development with nanos.ale dimens.ons. metal depos.tion and s.lylation.

关键词：微电子学二氧化碳溶解性深冷分离