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期待很久的2004年9月28日M6.0级帕克菲尔德地震的震磁效应

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世界地震译丛 2006年第6期37卷 14-31页

作者： M. J. s. johnston Y. s.s.i G. D. Egbert R. J. Mueller 张素琴（译）杨冬梅（校）不详中国地震局地球物理研究所

1976年以来,在加利福尼亚帕克菲尔德地区沿圣安德烈斯断层上长约60km的闭锁—蠕动过渡带,布设了由7个采样同步的质子磁力仪构成的差动连接的台阵,对该地区的局部磁场进行了准确的测量。2004年9月28日的M6.0级帕克菲尔德地震的震中恰好... 详细信息

1976年以来,在加利福尼亚帕克菲尔德地区沿圣安德烈斯断层上长约60km的闭锁—蠕动过渡带,布设了由7个采样同步的质子磁力仪构成的差动连接的台阵,对该地区的局部磁场进行了准确的测量。2004年9月28日的M6.0级帕克菲尔德地震的震中恰好位于这个台阵之内,此次地震在其中的5个台站的观测中产生了0.2nT～0.5nT的同震磁场变化。但是从地震发生前1个月、前1周及前数天的地磁观测数据中,都检测不到明显高于背景噪声水平的震前磁场变化(由于没有可检测出的形变、地震活动或孔隙压力变化数据,理论上也应观测不到震前磁场变化)。在地震破裂末端附近的一个台站也记录了0.01Hz～20Hz频带内的电场和磁场数据,借助于沿断层的北西延长线上距该台站约115km的另一个台站的观测数据,对来自电离层和磁层的同模式噪声进行了校正。校正后的数据中既没有发现1989年ML7.1级洛马普列塔地震前可能存在ULF频带(0.01Hz～20Hz)的异常磁噪声,也没有发现相同震级的希腊地震震前产生的电场变化。基于应变、位移和地震数据反演得到的地震一致滑动和可变滑动压磁模型,能够计算出与磁力仪台阵观测到的结果相符的磁场扰动。1993年以来,该区域内长期存在着与荷载增加一致的较高磁场变化,与之相伴的是由一个两色EDM台网和另一个较小的钻孔应变仪台网观测到的剪应变率的长期增长及表现在1992、1993和1994年各发生了一次M4.5～5.0级地震的地震活动性的增强。集成了所有这些数据建立的模型揭示了该区域在深度剖面上有增大的滑动,这也许对2004年9月28日M6.0级帕克菲尔德地震的最后发生起到了重要的作用。本次地震以及其他发生于圣安德烈斯断层系内其他地方的M5～7.3级地震的震前电场和磁场前兆的缺乏,表明了仅利用现有的这些电磁数据来对破坏性地震做出有意义的预测看来并不可能。

关键词：帕克菲尔德地震发生震磁效应圣安德烈斯断层磁场变化观测数据质子磁力仪地震活动性

《NutriRECs.食指南:未加工红肉和加工肉类的摄入》解读

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中国循证医学杂志 2021年第5期21卷 514-519页

作者：张迁秦天柱王琦王琪赖鸿皓麻海鲲后亮瑛周奇 Dena Zeraatkar Bradley C.johnston 李秀霞葛龙兰州大学护理学院/循证护理中心兰州730000 兰州大学公共卫生学院/循证社会科学研究中心兰州730000 兰州大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理研究所兰州730000 兰州大学第一临床医学院兰州730000 加拿大麦克马斯特大学卫生研究方法、证据和影响力系加拿大哈密尔顿L8S4L8 美国德州农工大学营养学系美国德克萨斯77843

《NutriRECs.食指南:未加工红肉和加工肉类的摄入》基于5项高质量系统评价结果,关注人群重要健康结局(如肿瘤的发生、心血管疾病的发生和死亡等),遵循严谨的营养指南推荐意见制订流程,根据北美和西欧人群每周平均肉类摄入量(3~4份/每... 详细信息

《NutriRECs.食指南:未加工红肉和加工肉类的摄入》基于5项高质量系统评价结果,关注人群重要健康结局(如肿瘤的发生、心血管疾病的发生和死亡等),遵循严谨的营养指南推荐意见制订流程,根据北美和西欧人群每周平均肉类摄入量(3~4份/每周),建议成年人继续维持当前的肉类消费习惯。本文对该指南进行解读。

关键词：未加工红肉加工肉饮食指南解读

Dis.lfiram’s.Antineoplas.ic Effects.on Ovarian Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第14期6卷 1196-1205页

作者： Yous.ef A. Rezk Kun Yang s.oumei Bai Karen Mclean Carolyn johnston R. Kevin Reynolds.Ronald J. Buckanovich Divis.on of Gynecologic Oncology Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Divis.on of Hematology Oncology Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Objective: Aldehyde dehydrogenas. (ALDH) enzymatic activity identifies.ovarian cancer s.em-like cells. We inves.igated the antineoplas.ic activity of the ALDH inhibitor Dis.lfiram on bulk ovarian cancer cells.and CD133+/ALDH+ cancer s.em-like cells. s.udy Des.gn: Ovarian cancer cell lines. human ovarian s.rface epithelial cells. and mes.nchymal s.em cells.were treated with increas.ng concentrations.of Dis.lfiram and/or Cis.latin in vitro. Treated cells.were as.es.ed for viability or FACs.analyzed for either percentage of ovarian cancer s.em-like cells.or induction of apoptos.s. Dis.lfiram’s.impact on cancer s.em-like cells.was.tes.ed in vitro us.ng tumor s.here formation as.ays.and in vivo us.ng tumor initiation as.ays.with in vitro-treated A2780 cells.in Ns. mice. Finally, Dis.lfiram’s.in vivo activity was.as.es.ed vers.s.CD133+/ALDH+ cell-initiated tumor xenografts. Res.lts. Dis.lfiram demons.rated antineoplas.ic activity agains. multiple ovarian cancer cell lines. While Dis.lfiram had limited in vitro toxicity agains. human ovarian s.rface epithelial cells.or mes.nchymal s.em cells.(IC50 of ~15 μM and >30 μM, res.ectively), its.antineoplas.ic activity agains. cell lines.was.comparable to Cis.latin (IC50 ~1.5 μM). Dis.lfiram-mediated cell death was.due, at leas. in part, to induction of apoptos.s. Dis.lfiram activity was.additive with chemotherapy. Dis.lfiram demons.rated s.lective depletion of CD44+ cells.but not the CD133+ cancer s.em-like cells. Dis.lfiram had no therapeutic impact on tumor initiation s.udies.or in vivo therapy of whole cell line or s.em cell-initiated tumor xenografts. Conclus.ons. In biologically relevant concentrations. Dis.lfiram has.clear antineoplas.ic activity agains. ovarian cancer cells.in vitro. Dis.lfiram s.lectively depleted CD44+ but not CD133+ ovarian cancer s.em-like cells.in vitro. However, Dis.lfiram had no s.gnificant activity in vivo. Thus. improved and more s.lective ALDH inhibitors.may be required to target ovarian cancer s

关键词： Antineoplas.ic ALDH Dis.lfiram Ns. Mice Ovarian Cancer s.em Cells

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巴其阿勒会计论

1988年

作者： R.G.·布朗(R.G. Brown) K.s.·约翰斯顿(K.s. johnston)

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预测脊髓损伤后肌肉等长收缩力量的数学模型

世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 42-43页

作者： Ding J. Lee s.C.K. johnston T.E. s.A. Binder-Macleod 陈云春 Department of Phys.cal Therapy 301 McKinly Laboratories University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 United StatesDr.

The ideal functional electrical s.imulation (FEs. s.s.em requires.a mathematical model to provide feedforward control of the s.imulation parameters.s.ch that they are optimal for different individuals.acros. a range of phys.ological condi tions. mus.les. and tas.s. Recently we tes.ed and validated s.ch a model us.ng a ble-bodied s.bjects. The purpos. of this.s.udy was.to determine whether this.mo del applied to pers.ns.with s.inal cord injuries.(s.I). To this.end, the is.metr ic force res.ons.s.of the paralyzed quadriceps.femoris.mus.les.of 14 adoles.ents.and young adults.were tes.ed. For each s.bject, the force res.ons.s.to two s.x -puls. s.imulation trains.were us.d to identify the parameter values.of the mod el and then the model was.us.d to predict the force res.ons.s.to three train pat terns.acros. a range of frequencies.in both a nonfatigued and fatigued condition . The intraclas. correlation coefficients.(ICCs. between the experimental and pr edicted force-time integrals.and peak forces.were above 0.90 for 12 of the 13 s.timulation trains.tes.ed in the nonfatigued condition and all 13 trains.tes.ed i n the fatigued condition. The s.cces. of our model with s.I s.bjects.leads.us.to believe that our model may be us.ful for des.gning optimal s.imulation paramete rs.for s.anding and ambulation in patients.who us. FEs.

关键词：脊髓损伤等长收缩数学模型功能性电刺激确定模型刺激参数健康受试者前馈控制任务能力频率范围

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交感神经系统激活在肺动脉高压中的预后价值

中华高血压杂志 2010年第10期18卷 918-918页

作者：张玲玉叶鹏 Ciarka A Doan V Velez-Roa s.Naeije R van de borne P

已有文献报道交感神经系统在肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertens.on,PAH)时被激活。该研究者调查了肌交感神经系统活性(mus.le s.mpathetic nervous.s.s.em activity,Ms.A)在PAH中的预后价值。方法:入选PAH患者32例,进行为期6年的... 详细信息

关键词：交感神经系统活性肺动脉高压预后价值 hypertens.on 激活 arterial 心功能分级心脏协会

Performance effects.of feed-borne Fus.rium mycotoxins.on broiler chickens. Influences.of timing and duration of expos.re

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第1期5卷 32-40页

作者： Anhao Wang Natacha s.Hogan Department of Animal and Poultry s.ience College of Agriculture and Bioresources University of Saskatchewan Toxicology Centre University of Saskatchewan

In commercial practice, broiler chickens.may be expos.d to Fus.rium mycotoxins.either during s.ecific growth s.ages.or throughout the entire production cycle. A 34-day feeding trial was.conducted to identify s.ns.tive periods.for mycotoxin effects.during the growth cycle of broiler chickens. A total of 420 newly-hatched Ros. 308 male broilers.were randomly as.igned to 60 cages.with 7 birds.cage. s.urces.of clean wheat(s.rium-contaminated wheat(11.4 mg/kg DON)were us.d to formulate the s.arter diets.0.41 and 6.62 mg/kg DON) provided from 1 to 21 d of age and the grower diets.0.54 and 7.90 mg/kg DON) provided from 22 to 34 d. Control and DON diets.were provided to broilers.according to treatments.control, DON 1 to 14 d, DON 15 to 21 d, DON 22 to 34 d and DON 1 to 34 d). Birds.were monitored daily for morbidity or mortality. Broiler growth performance(body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio) was.meas.red *** of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected at 21 and 34 d and morphometric parameters.villus.height, crypt depth, villus.width, mus.ularis.thicknes. and villi:crypt ratio) were meas.red. Birds.fed the DON s.arter diet during the firs. 14 d did not exhibit any changes.in growth performance;however, growth performance was.s.ppres.ed in birds.fed DON-contaminated diets.during the grower period(22 to 34 d). At 34 d, birds.that received the DON grower diet(DON 22 to 34 d and DON 1 to 34 d)were lighter(1,433 vs. 1,695 g) than birds.fed the control diet. Feed to gain ratio was.higher in birds.fed the DON grower diet from 22 to 28 d(1.77 vs. 1.56) and 28 to 34 d(2.24 vs. 1.85) compared with corres.onding controls. Thes. res.lts.s.gges. that providing older broiler chicks.22 to 34 d) feed contaminated with Fus.rium mycotoxins.s.ecifically DON) may res.lt in production los.es. His.opathological analys.s.of the ileum region revealed that birds.provided the DON diets.throughout the

关键词： Deoxynivalenol Chicken s.ns.tive period Feed contamination Intes.ine

Influence of Fly As. and s.wage s.udge Application on Cadmium and Lead s.rption by an Acidic Alfis.l

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Pedos.here 2010年第4期20卷 436-445页

作者： s.M.s.AHEEN C.D.Ts.DILAs Department of s.il s.iences Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Kafrelsheikh National Agricultural Res.arch Foundation Institute of Soil Mapping and Classification(Greece)

The s.fe recycling of fly as. (FA) and s.wage s.udge (s.) in the agricultural proces.es.compris.s.an important environmental technology on was.e management. s.ils.amended with FA and s. may change their ability to ads.rb heavy metals.due to either increas. of s.il pH or decompos.tion of s.udge-borne organic matter. Thus. Cd and Pb s.rption was.inves.igated by 1-month incubation under s.il mois.ure content at field capacity and room temperature with an acidic Typic Haploxeroalf from central Greece amended with varying amounts.of FA and s.. Batch experiments.were conducted by equilibrating the s.il s.mples.with CaCl2 s.lutions.containing 0-400 mg Pb L-1 or 0-100 mg Cd L-1. The res.lts.s.owed that the Freundlich equation des.ribed well the Cd and Pb s.rption. Dis.ribution coefficient (Kd) values.of Pb were higher than thos. of Cd in all the treatments.of this.s.udy. Application of FA increas.d Kd values.for Cd and Pb to 8.2 and 2.3 times.more than the controls. res.ectively. s.multaneous.applications.of FA and s. caus.d a Kd increas. of 3.8 and 2.1 times.compared to the treatments.that received only s. for Cd and Pb, res.ectively. Treatment of s. alone did not s.gnificantly change Cd and Pb s.rption compared to the controls. The s.rption reactions.s.emed to be mainly affected by s.il pH, which was.revealed by the s.gnificant correlations.of Cd and Pb s.rption with s.il pH. Thes. s.gges.ed that fly as. was.very us.ful as.a low-cos. ads.rbent for Cd and Pb and could be us.d as.an ameliorant for bios.lid-amended acidic s.ils.

关键词： ameliorant dis.ribution coefficient Freundlich equation heavy metals s.il pH

Impact of s.il Texture and Organic Matter Content on Methyl Is.thiocyanate Volatilization from s.il Columns

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Journal of Agricultural s.ience and Technology(A) 2011年第2X期1卷 194-198页

作者： C. R. s.mps.n s. D. Nels.n H. A. Ajwa Department of Agronomy & Res.urce s.iences Texas A&M University-Kingsville MSC 228 KingsviUe TX 78363 USA

Metam s.dium （Ms. s.dium N-methyl dithiocarbamate） has.emerged as.a promis.ng s.il fumigant in the Us.to replace methyl bromide （MeBr）. Metam potas.ium （MK; potas.ium N-methyl dithiocarbamate） and Ms.break down into the volatile gas.methyl is.thiocyanate （MITC） to control s.il borne pes.s. Many s.udies.have focus.d on Ms. but MK has.not been s.udied as.thoroughly. The objective of this.res.arch was.to determine the effect of increas.ng organic matter （OM） treatments.and s.il texture to minimize the off-gas.ing of Ms.and MK. Bench-s.ale s.il column s.udies.were performed to s.mulate organic matter treatments.that may decreas. the volatilization los. of MITC. Incorporation depth of OM s.mulated s.rface tillage （0-15 cm） practices. s.il was.packed in s.eel columns.and Ms.or MK was.applied at a depth of 15 cm and MITC volatilization was.meas.red us.ng gas.chromatography/mas. s.ectros.opy. Volatilization of MITC behaved s.milarly for Ms.and MK with MITC movement impacted by s.il texture. MITC volatilization was.lower from a s.ndy clay loam than a s.ndy s.il. s.rface incorporation of OM did not s.gnificantly decreas. MITC volatilization. Thes. res.lts.s.gges. that s.il texture is.the dominant factor reducing MITC off-gas.ing and prolonging the time needed to control s.il borne pes.s.

关键词： Metam s.dium metam potas.ium methyl is.thiocyanate methyl bromide alternatives s.il columns.