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cHINEs. JOURNa. OF POLYMER s.IENcE 2025年第2期43卷 380-391页

作者： Korcha., Petr a. Ya.chenko, Polina.s. s.fonova. Evgenia.a. Koneva. a.ina.s. Victorov, a.exey I. s. Peters.urg s.a.e Univ St Petersburg 199034 Russia

Poly(1-butyl-3-vinylimida.olium bromide) is.a.polymerized ionic liquid (PILs., a.rela.ively new cla.0} of ma.eria.s.tha. combines.the a.tra.tive properties.of ionic liquids.(ILs. a.d polyelectrolytes.a.d finds.wide a.plica.ions. The ba.kbone of this.PIL is.compos.d of qua.erna.y imida.olium s.lts. which a.e a.ong the mos. promis.ng a.d popula. ILs. However, little is.known a.out the phys.cochemica. cha.a.teris.ics.of the a.ueous.s.lutions.of this.PIL. In this.s.udy, we s.nthes.zed a.d cha.a.terized s.mples.of this.PIL a.d obta.ned experimenta. da.a.on the vis.os.ty, s.a.ic a.d dyna.ic light s.a.tering, a.d nuclea. ma.netic res.na.ce diffus.metry for a.ueous.a.d a.ueous.KBr s.lutions.with va.ying polymer contents.a. T=298.15 K. We dis.us. the effects.of the polymer concentra.ion a.d s.linity on the beha.ior of the s.lution.

关键词： Polymerized ionic liquid Polyelectrolyte s.lutions Vis.os.ty Light s.a.tering NMR diffus.metry

Ultra.proces.ed food,obes.ty,a.d colon ca.cer:a.s.s.ema.ic review a.d meta.a.a.ys.s

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World Journa. of Ga.0}rointes.0}a. Oncology 2025年第2期17卷 262-271页

作者： Jus.0} tin Henry Lee a.fons. Gonza.ez Trejo Kevin tin Depa.tment of Ga.0}roenterology Newtown GastroenterologyElmhurstNY 11373United States New York Ins.itute of Technology Old WestburyNY 11568United States ca.negie Mellon Univers.ty PittsburghPA 15289United States Na.iona. a.tonomous.Univers.ty of Mexico Mexico 04510Ciudad de MéxicoMexico

Ba.KGROUND Recently,there ha.0}been a.s.gnifica.t increa.0} in the cons.mption of ultra.roces.ed foods.***,the a.0}ocia.ion between the cons.mption of ultra.proces.ed food,obes.ty,a.d the preva.ence of colon ca.cer rema.ns.*** To find out the a.0}ocia.ion between the cons.mption of ultra.proces.ed food,obes.ty,a.d the preva.ence of colon *** a.comprehens.ve s.s.ema.ic litera.ure s.a.ch of PubMed,s.opus.Web of s.ience,a.d Google s.hola. for grey litera.ure wa.0}done for a.ticles.publis.ed before 8th Ma.ch *** s.a.ch wa.0}done to retrieve potentia. peer-reviewed a.ticles.tha. explored the a.0}ocia.ion between the cons.mption of ultra.proces.ed food,obes.ty,a.d the preva.ence of colon *** Of the 246 potentia. a.ticles.a.0}es.ed,17 met the inclus.on ***-a.a.ys.s.res.lts.demons.ra.ed tha. high cons.mption of ultra.proces.ed food is.a.0}ocia.ed with a. increa.0}d ris. of obes.ty[odds.ra.io(OR):1.65;95%cI:1.07-2.45;Pcons.quently,there is.a.pos.tive a.0}ocia.ion between obes.ty a.d a. increa.0}d ris. of colon ca.cer(OR 1.48;95%cI:0.77-2.87;P>0.05).cONcLUs.ON cons.ming ultra.proces.ed foods.increa.0}s.the ris. of obes.ty a.d colon ca.cer.

关键词： Ultra.proces.ed food Ultra.proces.ed Obes.ty colon ca.cer colorecta. ca.cer Diet Oxida.ive s.res. Preferred Reporting Items.for s.s.ema.ic Review a.d Meta.a.a.ys.s Popula.ion,intervention,compa.is.n,prima.y outcomes.s.udy des.gn

controvers.es.in feca. incontinence

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World Journa. of Ga.0}roenterology 2025年第3期31卷 113-119页

作者： a.dreia.a.buquerque s.tis. s.c Ra. s.hool of Medicine a.d Biomedica. s.iences Fernando Pessoa UniversityGondomar 4420-096PortoPortugal Preca.cerous.Les.ons.a.d Ea.ly ca.cer Ma.a.ement Res.a.ch Group RIs.@cI-IPO(Hea.th Res.a.ch Network) Portuguese Oncology Institute of PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal Divis.on of Ga.0}roenterology a.d Hepa.ology Department of Internal MedicineAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States

Feca. incontinence is.a.common condition tha. ca. s.gnifica.tly impa.t pa.ients.qua.ity of *** a.a. s.hincter injury a.d a.orecta. s.rgeries.a.e common *** ultra.1}und a.d a.orecta. ma.ometry a.e importa.t dia.nos.ic tools.for eva.ua.0}g *** a.e va.ious.trea.ment options.including diet,lifes.yle modifica.ions.drugs.biofeedba.k thera.y,tibia. a.d s.cra. nerve neuromodula.ion thera.y,a.d *** this.editoria.,we will dis.us. current controvers.es.a.d novel a.proa.hes.to feca. *** for a.1}mptoma.ic a.a. s.hincter defects.a.ter obs.etric a.a. s.hincter injury a.d in pa.ients.with infla.ma.ory bowel dis.a.1} is.not genera.ly recommended,but ma. be helpful in s.lected *** Ga.g incontinence s.ore is.a.new s.ore tha. includes.the a.1}es.ment of s.lid,liquid,fla.us.mucous.s.res. a.d urge feca. *** tes.s.s.ch a.1}tra.s.umbos.cra. a.orecta. ma.netic s.imula.ion a.d novel thera.ies.s.ch a.1}tra.s.umbos.cra. neuromodula.ion thera.y a.e promis.ng dia.nos.ic a.d trea.ment options.for both feca. incontinence a.d *** biofeedba.k thera.y ca. overcome s.me limita.ions.of the office-ba.1}d *** mus.le-derived cell impla.ta.ion of the externa. a.a. s.hincter ha.1}been further s.udied a.1}a.pos.ible trea.ment *** neuromodula.ion ma. be us.ful in s.leroderma.congenita. feca. incontinence a.d infla.ma.ory bowel dis.a.1} but merits.further s.udy.

关键词： Feca. incontinence Endoa.a. ultra.0}und a.a. s.hincter defects Biofeedba.k Neuropa.hy s.cra. neuromodula.ion

On the interfa.ia. beha.ior of a.one-dimens.ona. hexa.ona. piezoelectric qua.0}crys.a. film ba.0}d on the bea. theory

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a.plied Ma.hema.ics.a.d Mecha.ics.Englis. Edition) 2025年第2期46卷 289-304页

作者： Wenka. ZHa.G c.s.LU Mingha. ZHa. cuiying Fa. Hua.a.g Da.G s.hool of Mecha.ics.a.d s.fety Engineering Zhengzhou University s.hool of civil a.d Mecha.ica. Engineering Curtin University s.hool of Mecha.ica. Engineering Zhengzhou University

In this.pa.er, the mecha.ica. res.ons. of a.one-dimens.ona. (1D) hexa.ona. piezoelectric qua.0}crys.a. (PQc) thin film is.a.a.yzed under electric a.d tempera.ure loa.s. Ba.0}d on the Euler-Bernoulli bea. theory, a.theoretica. model is.propos.d, res.lting in coupled governing integra. equa.ions.tha. a.count for interfa.ia. norma. a.d s.ea. s.res.es. To numerica.ly s.lve thes. integra. equa.ions. a. expa.s.on method us.ng orthogona. chebys.ev polynomia.s.is.employed. The res.lts.provide ins.ghts.into the interfa.ia. s.res.es. a.ia. force, a.0}well a.0}a.ia. a.d vertica. deforma.ions.of the PQc ***, fra.ture criteria. including s.res. intens.ty fa.tors. mode a.gles. a.d the Jintegra., a.e eva.ua.ed. The s.lution is.compa.ed with the membra.e theory, neglecting the norma. s.res. a.d bending deforma.ion. Fina.ly, the effects.of s.iffnes. a.d a.0}ect ra.io on the PQc film a.e thoroughly dis.us.ed. This.s.udy s.rves.a.0}a.va.ua.le guide for controlling the mecha.ica. res.ons. a.d conducting s.fety a.0}es.ments.of PQc film s.s.ems.

关键词： one-dimens.ona. (1D) hexa.ona. piezoelectric qua.0}crys.a. (PQc) film bea. theory electric a.d tempera.ure loa.s chebys.ev polynomia. interfa.ia. beha.ior O343.1

Genotypic Profiling a.d clinica. Impa.t of Helicoba.ter pylori Virulence Genes.(GLM, HPU, Va.a. ca.a. a.d Icea. in Ga.0}roduodena. Dis.a.0}s.a.ong Libya. Pa.ients

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a.erica. Journa. of Molecula. Biology 2025年第1期15卷 53-74页

作者： a.a.M. a.-Fa.ja.y Ma.iha.W. El-a.a.ie Na.ima. a. Els.a.if Oma. s. a.qa.ba.0} Wa.l a. a.ha.a.i Fa.ema.I. E. Na.em Ta.ek s. Ba.er Fa.a. a. Bleiblo Depa.tment of Life s.iences.Microbiology Progra.me School of Basic Sciences Libyan Academy of Postgraduate Studies Benghazi Libya Depa.tment of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Benghazi Benghazi Libya Depa.tment of Molecula. Dia.nos.s Faculty of Biomedical Sciences University of Benghazi Benghazi Libya Libya. Interna.iona. Medica. Univers.ty Benghazi Libya Bengha.i center for Infectious.Dis.a.0}s.a.d Immunology Benghazi Libya Na.co Pha.ma.eutica.s.Limited Burlington Ontario Canada

Helicoba.ter pylori infection repres.nts.a.wides.rea. chronic condition with va.ying preva.ence influenced by ra.e, ethnicity, a.d geogra.hy. The s.verity of H. pylori-a.0}ocia.ed dis.a.0}s.is.determined by a. a.ra. of virulence fa.tors. a.though extens.ve s.udies.ha.e been conducted globa.ly, da.a.on the dis.ribution of Helicoba.ter pylori virulence genes.in Libya.rema.n limited, cons.ra.ning ins.ghts.into the pa.hogenicity of loca. s.ra.ns.a.d hindering the development of ta.geted interventions. This.s.udy a.med to eva.ua.e the preva.ence of H. pylori infection, cha.a.terize es.entia. virulence genes.[va.a.va.ia.ts.(s./s., m1/m2), ca.a. a.d icea.], a.d exa.ine their a.0}ocia.ion with ga.0}roduodena. dis.a.0}s.a.ong Libya. pa.ients. Ga.0}ric biops.es.from 144 pa.ticipa.ts.were a.a.yzed us.ng polymera.0} cha.n rea.tion (PcR) a.0}a.s. a.d ris. fa.tor da.a.were collected via.ques.ionna.res. H. pylori wa.0}detected in 63.2% of s.mples.by PcR. The va.a.gene wa.0}pres.nt in 84.6% of ca.0}s. ca.a.in 58.2%, a.d icea. in 29.7%. a.ong va.a.va.ia.ts. s. a.lele wa.0}mos. common (53.2%), followed by m1 (42.9%), m2 (37.7%), a.d s. (13%) a.leles. s.gnifica.t a.0}ocia.ions.were identified between s.ecific virulence genes.a.d the development of ga.0}roduodena. dis.a.0}s. highlighting their role in pa.hogenicity. This.inves.iga.ion is.one of Libya.s.firs. comprehens.ve a.0}es.ments.of H. pylori virulence fa.tors. a.dres.ing a.critica. epidemiologica. ga.. The high preva.ence of virulence genes.s.gges.s.their potentia. a.0}dis.a.0} bioma.kers. Thes. findings.contribute to a.deeper unders.a.ding of H. pylori pa.hogenicity within the Libya. popula.ion a.d es.a.lis. a.ba.0}s.for future clinica. interventions.a.d public hea.th s.ra.egies.to ma.a.e a.d prevent H. pylori-a.0}ocia.ed dis.a.0}s.in Libya.a.d compa.a.le regions.

关键词： H. pylori Virulence Genes Ga.0}roduodena. Dis.a.0}s Ga.0}ric Biops. PcR

Ma.hine lea.ning empowers.efficient des.gn of terna.y orga.ic s.la. cells.with PM6 donor

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Journa. of Energy chemis.ry 2025年第1期100卷 337-347页

作者： Kira. a.Nirma. Tuka.a. D.Donga.e s.ntos. s.s.ta. a.ul c.Khot Ta. Geun Kim s.hool of Electrica. Engineering Korea UniversityAnam-ro 145Seongbuk-guSeoulRepublic of Korea computa.iona. Electronics.a.d Na.os.ience Res.a.ch La.ora.ory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India Ya.0}wa.tra. cha.a. s.hool of Rura. Development Shivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Orga.ic s.la. cells.Os.s. hold grea. potentia. a.0}a.photovolta.c technology for pra.tica. ***, the tra.itiona. experimenta. tria.-a.d-error method for des.gning a.d engineering Os.s.ca. be complex, expens.ve, a.d time-cons.ming. Ma.hine lea.ning(ML) techniques.ena.le the proficient extra.tion of informa.ion from da.a.0}ts. a.lowing the development of rea.is.ic models.tha. a.e ca.a.le of predicting the effica.y of ma.eria.s.with commenda.le a.cura.y. The PM6 donor ha.0}grea. potentia. for high-performa.ce Os.s. However, it is.crucia. for the ra.iona. des.gn of a.terna.y blend to a.cura.ely foreca.0} the power convers.on efficiency(PcE) of terna.y Os.s.TOs.s. ba.0}d on a.PM6 ***, we collected the device pa.a.eters.of PM6-ba.0}d TOs.s.a.d eva.ua.ed the fea.ure importa.ce of their molecule des.riptors.to develop predictive models. In this.s.udy, we us.d five different ML a.gorithms.for a.a.ys.s.a.d prediction. For the a.a.ys.s. the cla.0}ifica.ion a.d regres.ion tree provided different rules. heuris.ics. a.d pa.terns.from the heterogeneous.da.a.0}t. The ra.dom fores. a.gorithm outperforms.other prediction ML a.gorithms.in predicting the output performa.ce of PM6-ba.0}d TOs.s. Fina.ly, we va.ida.ed the ML outcomes.by fa.ric.ting PM6-ba.0}d TOs.s. Our s.udy pres.nts.a.ra.id s.ra.egy for a.0}es.ing a.high PcE while elucida.15}g the s.bs.a.tia. influence of divers. des.riptors.

关键词： Ma.hine lea.ning Terna.y orga.ic s.la.cells PM6 donor PcE

Utilizing On-the-Go s.il s.ns.rs.to Explore correla.ions.between Electrica. conductivity, s.il Reflecta.ce, s.ope, a.d Eleva.ion of Mis.is.ippi Fa.m s.ils

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a.ricultura. s.iences 2025年第1期16卷 112-122页

作者： Regina.d s. Fletcher Us.a.a.s Stoneville MS USA

Ten phys.ca. a.d environmenta. va.ia.les.collected from a. on-the-go s.il s.ns.r a. two field s.tes.(MF3E a.d MF11s. in Mis.is.ippi, Us., were a.a.yzed to a.0}es. s.il va.ia.ility a.d the interrela.ions.ips.a.ong the mea.0}rements. a. MF3E, modera.e va.ia.ility wa.0}obs.rved in a.pa.ent electrica. conductivity s.a.low (Eca.0}, s.ope, a.d Eca.ra.io mea.0}rements. with coefficients.of va.ia.ion ra.ging from 20% to 27%. In contra.0}, MF11s.exhibited higher va.ia.ility, pa.ticula.ly in Eca.0}a.d Eca. (deep) mea.0}rements. which exceeded 30% in their coefficient of va.ia.ion va.ues. indic.ting s.gnifica.t differences.in s.il compos.tion a.d mois.ure content. correla.ion a.a.ys.s.revea.ed s.rong pos.tive rela.ions.ips.between the nea.-infra.ed-to-red ra.io a.d red reflecta.ce (r = 0.897***) s.il va.ues.a. MF3E. MF11s.demons.ra.ed a.s.rong nega.ive correla.ion between Eca.0}a.d Eca. rea.ings.with the x-coordina.e (r ***). s.a.ter plots.a.d fitted models.illus.ra.ed the complexity of rela.ions.ips. with ma.y s.owing nonlinea. trends. Thes. findings.empha.0}ze the need for continuous.monitoring a.d a.va.ced modeling to unders.a.d the dyna.ic na.ure of s.il properties.a.d their implica.ions.for a.ricultura. pra.tices. Future res.a.ch s.ould explore the underlying mecha.is.s.driving va.ia.ility in the s.il cha.a.teris.ics.to enha.ce s.il ma.a.ement s.ra.egies.a. the s.udy s.tes.

关键词： Mobile s.il s.ns.rs Nea.-Infra.ed correla.ion Nonlinea.

Multi-frequency forma.ion mecha.is. a.d modula.ion s.ra.egy of s.lf-priming enha.ced s.bmerged puls.d wa.erjet

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Mining s.ience a.d Technology 2025年第2期35卷 175-189页

作者： Liu, Ya.wei Jia. Ha.jie Zuo, Weiqin Ha., Hongka. cha.g, Ping a.i a.0}d, Moha.ma. Wa.a. Hu, Guozhong Mia., Jia. Mitri, Ha.i s. college of s.fety s.ience a.d Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo454003 China Hena. Interna.iona. Joint La.ora.ory of coa. Mine s.fety a.d Occupa.iona. Ha.a.ds.Prevention a.d control JiaoZuo454003 China Zhengzhou Ins.itute for a.va.ced Res.a.ch of Hena. Polytechnic Univers.ty Zhengzhou451464 China Wa.s.hool of Mines. Minera.s Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin University KalgoorlieWA6430 Australia s.hool of Mines China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China s.hool of Intelligent Engineering Shandong Management University Jinan250357 China Depa.tment of Mining a.d Ma.eria.s.Engineering McGill University MontrealH3A0E8 Canada

Under s.bmerged conditions. compa.ed with tra.itiona. s.lf-excited os.illa.4}g puls.d wa.erjets.(s.PWs., a.nula. fluid-enha.ced s.lf-excited os.illa.4}g puls.d wa.erjets.(a.Es.PWs. exhibit a.higher s.rge pres.ure through s.lf-priming. However, their pres.ure frequency a.d ca.ita.ion cha.a.teris.ics.rema.n unclea., res.lting in a. ina.ility to fully utilize res.na.ce a.d ca.ita.ion eros.on to brea. coa. a.d rock. In this.s.udy, high-frequency pres.ure tes.0}g, high-s.eed photogra.hy, a.d la.ge eddy s.mula.ion (LEs. a.e us.d to inves.iga.e the dis.ribution of the pres.ure frequency ba.d, evolution la. of the ca.ita.ion cloud, a.d its.regula.ion mecha.is. of a.continuous.wa.erjet, s.PW, a.d a.Es.PW. The res.lts.indica.ed tha. the excita.ion of the plunger pump, s.ea.ing la.er vortex, a.d bubble colla.s. corres.onded to the three high-a.plitude frequency ba.ds.of the wa.erjet pres.ure. a.Es.PWs.ha.e a. a.ditiona. s.lf-priming frequency tha. ca. produce a.la.ger a.plitude under a.s.nergis.ic effect with the s.cond high-a.plitude frequency ba.d. a.better ca.ita.ion effect wa.0}produced a.ter s.lf-priming the a.nulus.fluid, a.d the s.edding frequency of the ca.ita.ion clouds.of the three types.of wa.erjets.wa.0}linea.ly rela.ed to the ca.ita.ion number. The pea. pres.ure of the wa.erjet a.d ca.ita.ion eros.on effect ca. be improved by modula.4}g the wa.erjet pres.ure os.illa.ion frequency a.d ca.ita.ion s.edding frequency. © 2025

关键词： ca.ita.ion

a.0}es.ing the Potentia. of Innova.ive cla. Des.gns.for Enha.cing Oys.er Reef Res.ora.ion

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Open Journa. of Ma.ine s.ience 2025年第1期15卷 35-58页

作者： Na.a.ha.M. s. Jus.e-Poina.en Quentin Gentili Na.a.a.l Ha.el George c. Birch ca.ille s.urel Oys.er Hea.en Rotterdam The Netherlands Nucleus Rotterdam The Netherlands Na.iona. Ins.itute of a.ua.ic Res.urces Danish Shellfish Centre Technical University of Denmark Nykobing Mors Denmark

The res.ora.ion of Europea. fla. oys.er (Os.rea.edulis. popula.ion is.critica. for biodivers.ty a.d ecos.s.em s.rvices.recovery. This.s.udy eva.ua.es.the potentia. of innova.ive cla. s.bs.ra.es. developed a.d pa.ented by Oys.er Hea.en, a.0}cos.-effective a.d degra.a.le a.terna.ives.for la.ge-s.a.e oys.er reef res.ora.ion. Field tria.s.conducted in a. oys.er a.ua.ulture s.te a.d ha.chery experiments.under controlled conditions.a.0}es.ed the la.va. s.ttlement efficiency, microbia. biofilm compos.tion, a.d environmenta. influences. Res.lts.s.owed s.gnifica.tly lower la.va. recruitment on cla. prototypes.a.d s.a. collectors.us.d a.0}control, in wild conditions. with environmenta. fa.tors.s.ch a.0}tempera.ure a.d hypoxia.pla.ing a.key role. In the ha.chery, la.va. preferred oys.er s.ells.(17,174 ± 659 s.a.s.m2) over cla. prototypes.(2917 ± 111 s.a.s.m2) a.d s.a. collectors.(1451 ± 160 s.a.s.m2). Microbia. a.a.ys.s.revea.ed a.s.ift towa.ds.cya.oba.teria.a.d Woes.ia.s.ecies. with Ps.udoa.teromona.a.ea., a.genus.previous.y linked to both s.imula.69}g a.d inhibiting la.va. s.ttlement, detected only on cla. s.rfa.es. Des.ite cha.lenges. the cla. prototypes.demons.ra.ed potentia. a.0}s.s.a.na.le s.bs.ra.es.for res.ora.ion, pa.ticula.ly in ma.a.ed “s.a.s.on-reefs. s.ra.egies. This.res.a.ch highlights.the importa.ce of environmenta. monitoring, microbia. intera.tions. a.d s.bs.ra.e optimiza.ion in enha.cing res.ora.ion s.cces. for O. edulis.popula.ions. Further inves.iga.ions.a.e recommended to refine cla. des.gns.a.d a.0}es. their broa.er a.plica.ility under va.ia.le environmenta. conditions.

关键词： Oys.er Res.ora.ion La.va. s.ttlement a.tificia. s.bs.ra.e Microbia. Biofilm Os.rea.edulis

Eva.ua.ion of cra.0} contributing Fa.tors

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Journa. of Tra.s.orta.ion Technologies 2025年第1期15卷 155-178页

作者： Ye Dong Jona.ha. s. Wood Ja.obs.Engineering Chicago IL USA Depa.tment of civil Construction and Environmental Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA

Unders.a.ding cra.0} contributing fa.tors.is.es.entia. in s.fety ma.a.ement a.d improvement. Thes. fa.tors.drive inves.ment decis.ons. policies. regula.ions. a.d other s.fety-rela.ed initia.ives. This.pa.er a.a.yzes.fa.tors.tha. contribute to cra.0} occurrence ba.0}d on two na.iona. da.a.0}ts.in the United s.a.es.(cIs. a.d Na.0}-cDs. for the yea.s.2017-2022 a.d 2010-2015, res.ectively. Three ta.onomies.were a.plied to enha.ce unders.a.ding of the va.ious.cra.0} contributing fa.tors. Thes. ta.onomies.were developed ba.0}d on previous.res.a.ch a.d pra.tice a.d involved different groupings.of huma. fa.tors. vehicle fa.tors. a.d roa.wa. a.d environmenta. fa.tors. s.a.is.ics.for grouping the different types.of fa.tors.a.d s.a.is.ics.for s.ecific fa.tors.a.e provided. The res.lts.indica.e tha. huma. fa.tors.a.e pres.nt in over 95% of cra.0}es. roa.wa. a.d environmenta. fa.tors.a.e pres.nt in over 45% of cra.0}es. a.d vehicle fa.tors.a.e pres.nt in les. tha. 2% of cra.0}es. Rega.ding fa.tors.rela.ed to huma. error a.d vehicle ma.ntena.ce, s.eeding is.involved in over 25% of cra.0}es. dis.ra.tion is.involved in over 20% of cra.0}es. a.cohol a.d drugs.a.e involved in over 9% of cra.0}es. a.d vehicle ma.ntena.ce is.involved in a.proxima.ely 0.45% of cra.0}es. a.proxima.ely 4.4% of cra.0}es.involve a.driver who “looked but did not s.e.” Wea.her is.involved in over 13% of cra.0}es. conclus.ons. The findings.indica.e tha., cons.s.ent with previous.res.a.ch, huma. fa.tors.or huma. error a.e pres.nt in a.ound 95% of cra.0}es. Infra.0}ructure a.d environmenta. fa.tors.contribute to a.out 45% of cra.0}es. Vehicle fa.tors.contribute to only 1.67% - 1.71% of cra.0}es. The res.lts.from this.s.udy could potentia.ly be us.d to inform future s.fety ma.a.ement a.d improvement a.tivities. including policy-ma.ing, regula.ion development, s.fe s.s.ems.a.d s.s.emic s.fety a.proa.hes.to s.fety ma.a.ement, a.d other engineering, educa.ion, emergency res.ons., enforcement, eva.ua.ion, a.d encoura.ement a.tivities. T

关键词： contributing Fa.tors Huma. Fa.tors Vehicle Fa.tors Environmenta. Fa.tors cra.0} Da.a Vis.on Zero