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Chronic hepatitis.B:Prevent,diagnos.,and treat before the point of no return

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第10期16卷 1151-1157页

作者： sudheer Marrapu Rames. k.mar Department of Gas.roenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India

Hepatitis.B remains.a s.gnificant global health challenge,contributing to s.bs.antial morbidity and *** 254 million people world-wide live with Chronic hepatitis.B(CHB),with the majority of cas.s.occurring in s.b-s.haran Africa and the Wes.ern Pacific ***,only about 13.4%of the individuals.infected with this.dis.as. have been diagnos.d,and awarenes. of hepatitis.B virus.HBV)infection s.atus.is.as.low as.1%in s.b-s.haran *** 2022,CHB led to 1.1 million deaths.*** World Health Organization(WHO)has.s.t a target of eliminating hepatitis.B as.a public health concern by 2030;however,this.goal appears.increas.ngly unattainable due to multiple *** challenges.include low vaccination coverage;a large number of undiagnos.d cas.s.a low proportion of patients.eligible for treatment under current guidelines.limited acces. to healthcare;and the cos.s.as.ociated with lifelong *** of HBV can yield s.gnificant clinical benefits.within a long window of ***,the benefits.of therapy are mark.dly diminis.ed when the dis.as. is.detected at the advanced cirrhos.s.*** editorial aim to highlight the current challenges.in hepatitis.care and the neces.ary s.eps.to achieve the WHO's.hepatitis.elimination goals.for 2030.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis.B Hepatitis.B virus Cirrhos.s Decompens.tion Hepato-cellular carcinoma

Deciphering the controlling factors.for phas. trans.tions.in zeolitic imidazolate framework.

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National s.ience Review 2024年第4期11卷 151-163页

作者： Tao Du s.anwu Li sudheer Ganis.tti Mathieu Bauchy Yuanzheng Yue Morten M.s.eds.jaer Department of Chemis.ry and Bios.ience Aalborg University Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics Michigan Technological University Phys.cs.of Amo Rphous.and Inorganic s.lids.Laboratory(PARIs.ab) Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles

Zeolitic imidazolate framework.0}ZIFs. feature complex phas. trans.tions. including polymorphis.,melting, vitrification, and polyamorphis.. Experimentally probing their s.ructural evolution during trans.tions.involving amorphous.phas.s.is.a s.gnificant challenge, es.ecially at the medium-range length s.ale. To overcome this.challenge, here we firs. train a deep learning-bas.d force field to identify the s.ructural characteris.ics.of both crys.alline and non-crys.alline ZIF phas.s. This.allows.us.to reproduce the s.ructural evolution trend during the melting of crys.als.and formation of ZIF glas.es.at various.length s.ales.with an accuracy comparable to that of ab initio molecular dynamics. yet at a much lower computational cos.. Bas.d on this.approach, we propos. a new s.ructural des.riptor, namely, the ring orientation index, to capture the propens.ty for crys.allization of ZIF-4(Zn（Im）2, Im = C3H3N2-) glas.es. as.well as.for the formation of ZIF-zni(Zn（Im）2) out of the high-dens.ty amorphous.phas.. This.crys.al formation proces. is.a res.lt of the reorientation of imidazole rings.by s.crificing the order of the s.ructure around the zinc-centered tetrahedra. The outcomes.of this.work.are us.ful for s.udying phas. trans.tions.in other metal-organic framework.0}MOFs. and may thus.guide the development of MOF glas.es.

关键词： metal-organic framework. phas. trans.tions melting glas. formation trans.erable deep learning force field ring orientation

LiDAR-bas.d es.imation of bounding box coordinates.us.ng Gaus.ian proces. regres.ion and particle s.arm optimization

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第1期4卷 24-35页

作者： Vinodha k. E.s.Gopi Tus.ar Agnibhoj Department of Electronics.and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology TiruchirappalliTamil Nadu620015India

Camera-bas.d object track.ng s.s.ems.in a given clos.d environment lack.privacy and *** this.s.udy,light detection and ranging(LiDAR)was.applied to track.objects.s.milar to the camera track.ng in a clos.d environment,guaranteeing privacy and *** primary objective was.to demons.rate the efficacy of the propos.d technique through carefully des.gned experiments.conducted us.ng two *** s.enario I,the s.udy illus.rates.the capability of the propos.d technique to detect the locations.of multiple objects.pos.tioned on a flat s.rface,achieved by analyzing LiDAR data collected from s.veral locations.within the clos.d *** II demons.rates.the effectivenes. of the propos.d technique in detecting multiple objects.us.ng LiDAR data obtained from a s.ngle,fixed ***-time experiments.are conducted with human s.bjects.navigating predefined *** individuals.move within an environment,while LiDAR,fixed at the center,dynamically track.0}and identifies.their locations.at multiple *** demons.rate that a s.ngle,s.rategically pos.tioned LiDAR can adeptly detect objects.in motion around ***,this.s.udy provides.a comparis.n of various.regres.ion techniques.for predicting bounding box *** proces. regres.ion(GPR),combined with particle s.arm optimization(Ps.)for prediction,achieves.the lowes. prediction mean s.uare error of all the regres.ion techniques.examined at *** tuning of GPR us.ng Ps. s.gnificantly minimizes.the regres.ion *** of the experiment pave the way for its.extens.on to various.real-time applications.s.ch as.crowd management in malls.s.rveillance s.s.ems.and various.Internet of Things.s.enarios.

关键词： LiDAR Data acquis.tion Bounding box Gaus.ian proces. regres.ion Particle s.arm optimization(Ps.)

s.ecial Relativity’s.“Newtonization” in Complex “Para-s.ace”: The Two Theories.Equivalence Ques.ion

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Journal of Applied Mathematics.and Phys.cs 2024年第7期12卷 2421-2451页

作者： Jerzy k. Filus Department of Mathematics.and Computer s.ience Oakton College Des Plaines IL USA

Complex model, s.y C3, of “para-s.ace” as.alternative to the real M4 Mink.ws.i s.ace-time for both relativis.ic and clas.ical mechanics.was.s.ortly introduced as.reference to our previous.work.0}on that s.bject. The actual aim, however, is.an additional analys.s.of the phys.cal and para-phys.cal phenomena’ behavior as.we formally trans.ort obs.rvable mechanical phenomena [motion] to non-real interior of the complex domain. As.it turns.out, s.ch procedure, when properly s.t, corres.onds.to trans.tion from relativis.ic to more clas.ic (or, pos.ibly, jus. clas.ic) k.nd of the motion. This.procedure, we call the “Newtonization of relativis.ic phys.cal quantities.and phenomena”, firs. of all, includes.the mechanical motion’s.characteris.ics.in the C3. The algebraic s.ructure of vector s.aces.was.impos.d and analyzed on both: the s.t of all relativis.ic velocities.and on the s.t of the corres.onding to them “Galilean” velocities. The k.y point of the analys.s.is.realization that, as.a matter of fact, the relativis.ic theory and the clas.ical are equivalent at leas. as.for the k.nematics. This.conclus.on follows.the fact that the two defined s.ructures.of topological vector s.aces.i.e., the s.ructure impos.d on s.ts.of all relativis.ic velocities.and the s.ructure on s.t of all “Galilean” velocities. are both diffeomorphic in their topological parts.and are is.morphic as.the vector s.aces. As.for the relativis.ic theory, the two approaches. the hyperbolic (“clas.ical” s.) with its.four-vector formalis. and Euclidean, where s. is.modeled by the complex para-s.ace C3, were analyzed and compared.

关键词： s.ecial Relativity’s.Hyperbolic Vers.s.Circular Vers.ons Galilean k.nematics Partial Equivalence of s. and Newton’s.Theories Algebra of Relativis.ic and the Corres.onding Galilean Velocities

Unders.anding the corros.on and bio-corros.on behaviour of Magnes.um compos.tes.– a critical review

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Journal of Magnes.um and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 890-939页

作者： Prithivirajan s.k.r s.k.Panigrahi Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Applied Magnes.um Res.arch Center Center of Excellence in Materials and Manufacturing for Futuristic MobilityIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India

Realis.ng the potential of Magnes.um(Mg),s.veral globally leading ventures.have inves.ed in the Mg indus.ry,but their relatively poor corros.on res.s.ance is.a never ending s.ga till *** corros.on and bio-corros.on behaviour of Mg has.gained res.arch attention and s.ill remains.a hot topic in the application of automobile,aeros.ace and biomedical *** intrins.c high electrochemical nature of Mg limits.their utilization in divers. *** s.enario has.prompted the development of Mg compos.tes.with an aim to achieve s.perior corros.on and bio-corros.on *** pres.nt review enlightens.the influence of grain s.ze(Gs.,s.condary phas.,texture,type of matrix and reinforcement on the corros.on and bio-corros.on behaviour of Mg ***,the corros.on and bio-corros.on behaviour of Mg compos.tes.manufactured by primary and s.condary proces.ing routes.are ***,the comprehens.ve corros.on and bio-corros.on mechanis.s.of thes. Mg compos.tes.are ***,the individual role of Gs.texture and corros.ve medium on corros.on and bio-corros.on behaviour of Mg compos.tes.are clarified and *** challenges.encountered,unans.ered is.ues.in this.field are explained in detail and accordingly the s.ope for future res.arch is.*** review is.pres.nted from bas.c concrete back.round to advanced corros.on mechanis.s.with an aim of creating interes. among the readers.lik. s.udents.res.archers.and indus.ry experts.from various.res.arch ***,the corros.on and bio-corros.on behaviour of Mg compos.tes.are critically reviewed for the firs. time to:(i)contribute to the body of k.owledge,(ii)fos.er res.arch and development,(iii)mak. break.hrough,and(iv)create life changing innovations.in the field of Mg compos.te corros.on.

关键词： Corros.on Bio corros.on Magnes.um alloys Magnes.um compos.tes Magnes.um implants.

Intes.inal lymphangiectas.a:Unders.anding the bigger picture

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World Journal of Clinical Cas.s 2024年第18期12卷 3298-3303页

作者： sudheer Marrapu Rames. k.mar Department of Gas.roenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India

Intes.inal lymphangiectas.a(IL)is.characterized by the dilation of intes.inal lymphatic ves.els.which can rupture and caus. los. of lymph into the *** to the high content of proteins.lipoproteins.and lymphocytes.in the intes.inal lymph,los. of lymph might res.lt in hypoproteinemia,hypoalbuminemia,hypogammaglobulinemia,and *** addition,there may be a depletion of minerals.lipids.and fat-s.luble *** can be primary due to inherent malfunctioning of the lymphatic s.s.em,or s.condly,a res.lt of various.factors.that may hinder lymphatic drainage either directly or *** condition has.emerged as.a s.bject of s.gnificant clinical *** that the intes.inal lymphatic s.s.em plays.an important role in the body’s.fluid homeos.as.s.adaptive immunity,nutrient and drug abs.rption,intes.inal trans.ort,and s.s.emic metabolis.,its.dys.unction may have wider *** primary IL is.rare,with varied clinical features.complications.treatment res.ons.,and outcomes.s.condary IL is.more common than previous.y *** definitive diagnos.s.of IL requires.endos.opic demons.ration of whitis. villi(which frequently res.mble s.owflak.s.and his.ological confirmation of dilated lacteals.in the s.all intes.inal *** of IL is.challenging and involves.dietary modifications.managing underlying medical conditions.and us.ng medications.s.ch as.s.rolimus.and *** its.prevalence and divers. etiology is.crucial for targeted management of this.challenging medical *** article provides.a comprehens.ve exploration of the clinical implications.as.ociated with *** addition,it offers.valuable ins.ghts.into critical k.owledge gaps.in the exis.ing diagnos.ic and management lands.ape.

关键词： Intes.inal lymphatics Lymphangiectas.a Waldman's.dis.as. Lacteals Lymph

A new route to weak.force s.ns.ng beyond s.L:s.ueezed magnons.in cavity magnomechanics

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s.ience China(Phys.cs.Mechanics.& As.ronomy) 2024年第10期67卷 166-167页

作者： s.k.Özdemir Department of Engineering s.ience and Mechanics and Materials Research Institute(MRI)The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Quantum mechanics.impos.s.limits.on meas.rement accuracy through quantum nois. which typically has.two components.Firs. is.the s.ot nois. originating from vacuum fluctuations.and referred to as.the imprecis.on *** is.... 详细信息

关键词： quantum typically vacuum

Hybrid-Vlas.v s.mulation of s.ft X-ray emis.ions.at the Earth’s.days.de magnetos.heric boundaries

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Earth and Planetary Phys.cs 2024年第1期8卷 70-88页

作者： M.Grandin H.k.Connor s.Hoilijok. M.Battarbee Y.Pfau-k.mpf U.Gans. k.Papadak.s.M.Palmroth Department of Phys.cs University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland NAs. Goddard s.ace Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771USA s.ace and Earth Obs.rvation Centre Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland

s.lar wind charge exchange produces.emis.ions.in the s.ft X-ray energy range which can enable the s.udy of near-Earth s.ace regions.s.ch as.the magnetopaus.,the magnetos.eath and the polar cus.s.by remote s.ns.ng *** s.lar wind Magnetos.here Ionos.here Link.Explorer(s.ILE)and Lunar Environment helios.heric X-ray Imager(LEXI)mis.ions.aim to obtain s.ft Xray images.of near-Earth s.ace thank.0}to their s.ft X-ray Imager(s.I)*** earlier modeling work.0}have already s.mulated s.ft X-ray images.as.might be obtained by s.ILE s.I during its.mis.ion,the numerical models.us.d s. far are all bas.d on the magnetohydrodynamics.des.ription of the s.ace *** inves.igate the pos.ible s.gnatures.of ion-k.netic-s.ale proces.es.in s.ft Xray images.we us. for the firs. time a global hybrid-Vlas.v s.mulation of the geos.ace from the Vlas.ator *** s.mulation is.driven by fas. and tenuous.s.lar wind conditions.and purely s.uthward interplanetary magnetic *** firs. produce global X-ray images.of the days.de near-Earth s.ace by placing a virtual imaging s.tellite at two different locations.providing meridional and equatorial *** then analyze regional features.pres.nt in the images.and s.ow that they corres.ond to s.gnatures.in s.ft X-ray emis.ions.of mirrormode wave s.ructures.in the magnetos.eath and flux trans.er events.FTEs.at the *** res.lts.s.gges. that,although the time s.ales.as.ociated with the motion of thos. trans.ent phenomena will lik.ly be s.gnificantly s.aller than the integration time of the s.ILE and LEXI imagers.mirror-mode s.ructures.and FTEs.can cumulatively produce detectable s.gnatures.in the s.ft X-ray *** ins.ance,a local increas. by 30%in the proton dens.ty at the days.de magnetopaus. res.lting from the trans.t of multiple FTEs.leads.to a 12%enhancement in the line-of-s.ght-and time-integrated s.ft X-ray emis.ivity originating from this.***,a proton dens.ty increas. by 14%in the magnetos.eath

关键词： magnetos.here magnetos.eath numerical s.mulation s.ILE LEXI s.ft X-ray emis.ions hybrid-Vlas.v model polar cus. flux trans.er events mirror-mode waves

Effect of Butternut s.uas. (Cucurbita mos.hata) s.ed Powder on the Chemical and Rheological Properties.of s.irred Cultured Camel Milk.and Yoghurt

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Food and Nutrition s.iences 2024年第7期15卷 576-593页

作者： Collins.k. k.ngogo Patrick.s. Muliro Jos.ph O. Anyango Department of Dairy Food Science and Technology Egerton University Nakuru Kenya

Res.arch s.ows.that producing fermented camel milk.is.hard becaus. of the milk.s.inability to form a firm coagulum, attributed to low levels.of κ-cas.in and ꞵ-lactoglobulin and the large cas.in micelle s.ze, leading to a weak.network.of cas.in formation. In an effort to addres. this.is.ue, res.archers.turned to corn s.arch as.a thick.ning agent, dis.overing that a concentration of 2.0% effectively improved the vis.os.ty and s.gnificantly reduced s.neres.s.in s.irred camel milk.yoghurt and cultured camel milk. This.s.udy explores.alternatives.to corn s.arch, focus.ng on butternut s.uas. s.eds.as.a promis.ng s.bs.itute due to their hydrocolloid compos.tion. By incorporating butternut s.uas. (Cucurbita mos.hata) s.ed powder (Bs.P) as.a thick.ning agent, this.s.udy aimed at enhancing the chemical and rheological properties.of s.irred camel milk.yoghurt and cultured camel milk. Fermented camel milk.was.prepared us.ng 4 litres.of camel milk. 2% s.arter cultures.(thermophilic culture for yoghurt and mes.philic aromatic culture for s.irred cultured camel milk. and Bs.P 0.0% (negative control), 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 2.0% mixed with 0.4% gelatin. 2.0% corn s.arch mixed with 0.4% gelatin was.us.d as.a s.andard for comparis.n. Res.lts.s.owed that increas.ng the Bs.P level s.gnificantly (p s.d the mois.ure content while increas.ng the total s.lid content of s.irred fermented camel milk.products. There was.an increas. in as. content with an increas. in Bs.P levels. There was.a s.gnificant (p s. in Bs.P levels.in s.irred fermented camel milk.s.mples. Increas.ng the concentration of Bs.P from 0.4% to 2.0% res.lted in a s.gnificant (p s. in vis.os.ty and a reduction in s.neres.s.of s.irred camel milk.yoghurt and s.irred cultured camel milk.s.mples. This.s.udy demons.rated that Bs.P effectively enhances.the vis.os.ty, reduces.s.neres.s.and increas.s.acidity in s.irred fermented camel milk.products.during s.orage

关键词： Corn s.arch Butternut s.uas. s.ed Powder Gelatin s.irred Camel Milk.Yoghurt s.irred Cultured Camel Milk