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Evaluation of quantitative contrast harmonic imaging to assess malignancy of liver tumors:A prospective controlled two-center study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第47期13卷 6356-6364页

作者： EM Jung DA Clevert AG schreyer s schmitt J Rennert R Kubale s Feuerbach F Jung Department of Diagnostic Radiology University Hospital RegensburgFranz-Josef Strauss-Allee 11Regensburg 93043Germany Department of Radiology Ultrasound SectionGroβhadern HospitalLudwig Maximilian University of MunichMarchioninistr15Mnchen 81377Germany Department of Trauma surgery Passau HospitalInnstraβe 76Passau 94034Germany Institutes of Radiology Nuclear Medicine and UltrasoundPirmasens HospitalGermany Center for Biomaterial Development Institute of Polymer ResearchGKSSKantstr55Teltow 14513Germany

AIM: To establish the extent to which contrast enhancement with sonoVue in combination with quantitative evaluation of contrast-medium dynamics facilitates the detection of hepatic tumors. METHODs: One hundred patients with histologically confirmed malignant or benign hepatic tumor (maximum size 5 cm) were analyzed. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (bolus injection 2.5 mL sonoVue) was carried out with intermittent breath-holding technique using a multifrequency transducer (2.5-4 MHz). Native vascularization was analyzed with power Doppler. The contrast-enhanced dynamic ultrasound investigation was carried out with contrast harmonic imaging in true detection mode during the arterial,portal venous and late phases. Mechanical index was set at 0.15. Perfusion analysis was performed by post-processing of the raw data time intensity curve (TIC) analysis. The cut-off of the gray value differences between tumor and normal liver tissue was established using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis 64-line multi-slice computed tomography served as reference method in all cases. Magnetic resonance tomography was used additionally in 19 cases. REsULTs: One hundred patients with 59 malignant (43 colon,5 breast,2 endocrine metastases,7 hepatocellular carcinomas and 2 kidney cancers) and 41 benign (15 hemangiomas,7 focal nodular hyperplasias,5 complicated cysts,2 abscesses and 12 circumscribed fatty changes) tumors were included. The late venous phase proved to be the most sensitive for classification of the tumor type. Fifty-eight of the 59 malignant tumors were classified as true positive,and one as false negative. This resulted in a sensitivity of 98.3%. Of the 41 benign tumors,37 were classified as true negative and 4 as false negative,which corresponds to a specificity of 90.2%. Altogether,95.0% of the diagnoses were classified as correct on the basis of the histological classification. No investigator-dependency (P = 0.23) was noted. CONCLUsION: The results show the poss

关键词： Liver tumors Malignant tumor Contrast harmonic imaging Quantitative contrast enhancement

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Can Quick Release Experiments Reveal the Muscle structure？ A Bionic Approach

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2012年第2期9卷 211-223页

作者： D. F. B. Haeufle M. Gunther R. Blickhan s. schmitt Institute of sports and Exercise-science University of Stuttgart Allmandring 28 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany stuttgart Research Centre for simulation Technology （sRC simTech） University of Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 7a D-70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Motion science Friedrich-Schiller-University Seidelstraβe 20 D-07749 Jena Germany

The goal of this study was to understand the macroscopic mechanical structure and function of biological muscle with respect to its dynamic role in the contraction. A recently published muscle model, deriving the hyperbolic force-velocity relation from first-order mechanical principles, predicts different force-velocity operating points for different load situations. With a new approach, this model could be simplified and thus, transferred into a numerical simulation and a hardware experiment. Two types of quick release experiments were performed in simulation and with the hardware setup, which represent two extreme cases of the contraction dynamics： against a constant force （isotonic） and against an inertial mass. Both experiments revealed hyperbolic or hyperbolic-like force-velocity relations. Interestingly, the analytical model not only predicts these extreme cases, but also additionally all contraction states in between. It was possible to validate these predictions with the numerical model and the hardware experiment. These results prove that the origin of the hyperbolic force-velocity relation can be mechanically explained on a macroscopic level by the dynamical interaction of three mechanical elements. The implications for the interpretation of biological muscle experiments and the realization of muscle-like bionic actuators are discussed.

关键词： force-velocity relation isotonic quick release proof of concept artificial muscle

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降低汽油机二氧化碳排放的极限潜力(第2部分)——燃烧过程的开发

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汽车与新动力 2013年第4期45卷 30-33页

作者： Flierl R Lauer F schmitt s spicher U 范明强

Kaiserslautern理工大学和Karsruher工艺技术研究所研究了化学计量比均质混合气运行汽油机进一步降低燃油耗和二氧化碳排放在机械方面的可能性。在此基础上,探讨了仅采用新燃烧过程进一步提高发动机效率的可能性,为此介绍了化学计量比... 详细信息

Kaiserslautern理工大学和Karsruher工艺技术研究所研究了化学计量比均质混合气运行汽油机进一步降低燃油耗和二氧化碳排放在机械方面的可能性。在此基础上,探讨了仅采用新燃烧过程进一步提高发动机效率的可能性,为此介绍了化学计量比和分层稀薄运行,以及均质充量压燃等未来的燃烧过程及其潜力。最后,归纳了该技术的极限潜力,并进行了相互比较。

关键词：油束引导汽油直接喷射均质充量压燃全可变气门机构汽油机

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降低汽油机二氧化碳排放的极限潜力(第1部分)——机械方法

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汽车与新动力 2013年第3期45卷 57-60页

作者： Flierl R Lauer F schmitt s spicher U 范明强

德国Kaiserslautern理工大学和Karsruher工艺技术研究所介绍了进一步降低汽油机燃油耗和二氧化碳排放的可能性及其极限,评价和比较了以化学计量比均质混合气运行的汽油机,并使用了可变气门机构优化工作过程的热力学方法。为此,将划分凸... 详细信息

德国Kaiserslautern理工大学和Karsruher工艺技术研究所介绍了进一步降低汽油机燃油耗和二氧化碳排放的可能性及其极限,评价和比较了以化学计量比均质混合气运行的汽油机,并使用了可变气门机构优化工作过程的热力学方法。为此,将划分凸轮轴相位调节器、非连续气门升程转换器和全可变气门系统之间的应用界限。此外,还介绍了汽油机无节流运行中气缸切断的节油潜力。

关键词：汽油机降低燃油耗降低二氧化碳排放气门升程气缸切断

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全可变气门机构在涡轮增压直接喷射汽油机上运用的潜力

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汽车与新动力 2012年第6期 39-43页

作者： Flierl R Paulov M schmitt s sarikoc F spicher U 范明强

未来汽油机,特别是减小排量的小型化汽油机,将应用增压度更高的废气涡轮增压技术、全可变气门机构和缸内均质直接喷射技术。德国Kaiserslautern理工大学和Karlsruher技术研究所合作研究了这些技术组合中的每项措施对发动机目标参数的影... 详细信息

未来汽油机,特别是减小排量的小型化汽油机,将应用增压度更高的废气涡轮增压技术、全可变气门机构和缸内均质直接喷射技术。德国Kaiserslautern理工大学和Karlsruher技术研究所合作研究了这些技术组合中的每项措施对发动机目标参数的影响,介绍了这些试验研究的成果。

关键词：涡轮增压直接喷射汽油机全可变气门机构高增压缸内均质直接喷射

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Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAs detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht s.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.s. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk s.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.s. Ahmed s. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy s. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali s. Ali s.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei s.P. Amor Dos santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders s.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza s. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal s.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin s. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai s. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos s. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten s. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay s. Bansal L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-s. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAs Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAs Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAs *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAs JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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未来内燃机用机械式全可变气门升程控制系统

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汽车与新动力 2013年第2期45卷 51-54页

作者： Flierl R schmitt s Kleinert G Esch H-J Dismon H 张然治

优化换气和燃烧过程,以获得更好的性能和排放,最重要的是充分挖掘内燃机效能的潜力。提升内燃机潜力的唯一途径是使用无级可变进气门升程及可变升程持续期的气门机构,以实现无节气门负荷控制。Kolbenschmidt Pierburg公司选择了由Entec ... 详细信息

优化换气和燃烧过程,以获得更好的性能和排放,最重要的是充分挖掘内燃机效能的潜力。提升内燃机潜力的唯一途径是使用无级可变进气门升程及可变升程持续期的气门机构,以实现无节气门负荷控制。Kolbenschmidt Pierburg公司选择了由Entec Consulting公司开发的Univalve系统,并获得这种新系统的授权。在双方共同努力下,目前正在对Univalve系统进行大批量投产前的最后开发。

关键词：汽油机机械式全可变气门升程控制系统燃油耗平均有效压力

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Development of Framework for ACI-Powered Human Resource Recruitment Assistant

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Management studies 2024年第3期12卷 182-187页

作者： Md Jawadur Rahman Gabriele M.Murry stephanie schmitt-Rüth OTH Amberg-Weiden AmbergGermany

The landscape of human resource management within large enterprises necessitates efficient and unbiased recruitment practices to ensure organisational effectiveness and foster diversity(Ayoko&Fujimoto,2023).Traditional hiring processes often create biases,which cause additional challenges in achieving proper objectives(Bogen,2021).According to Workable(***),the average time to fill a job requisition is 41 days(Howden,2023).This paper proposes a framework for the development and implementation of an Artificially Capable Intelligent(ACI)-powered Human Resource(HR)Assistant for large enterprises(possibly more than 300 employees)to eliminate these unnecessary challenges caused by biases in hiring practices,therefore directly addressing fair and just participation in society and the world of *** framework integrates ACI technologies,particularly candidate identification,to revolutionise HR *** leveraging ACI algorithms,the proposed hyper-realistic assistant aims to revolutionise the recruitment *** will significantly reduce the average time to fill job ***,the ACI-powered system is designed to mitigate biases inherent in traditional hiring practices,thus fostering a fair and inclusive environment for all candidates in the shortest possible time *** paper includes the key components and working processes of the ACI-powered HR Assistant *** a comprehensive theoretical analysis,the paper investigates the system’s working process and how the framework aligns with the goal of promoting a fair and participatory environment in the world of ***,the proposed framework represents a main step towards enhancing organisational effectiveness,fostering diversity,and advancing equitable recruitment practices in the futuristic workplace.

关键词： artificial capable intelligence human resource

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spatial modeling issues in future smart cities

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Geo-spatial Information science 2013年第1期16卷 7-12页

作者： Gerhard schmitt Department of Architecture and Future Cities Laboratory ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerlandand ETH CREATESingapore

It is our goal to make today’s and future cities smart,sustainable and *** order to achieve this,it is fundamental to understand how each city works,to formalize the knowledge gained and to apply it to a city model as the base for simulations that can generate future scenarios with a high level of *** nature of this model,which must cover design,qualitative and quantitative aspects,has changed over *** this study,we focus on the role of the spatial dimension and of geometry in a city *** from being a dominating generative force in ancient cities,spatial modeling has developed into an underlying description language for present and future cities to define functions and properties of the city in space and *** example of the stocks and flows model applied to the city depicts where and how spatial modeling influences the design,construction and performance of the future smart City.

关键词： future cities spatial modeling stocks and flows city models reality-based 3D models

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sAR polarimetric change detection for flooded vegetation

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第2期6卷 103-114页

作者： B.Brisco A.schmitt K.Murnaghan s.Kaya A.Roth Canada Centre for Remote sensing Earth Sciences SectorNatural Resources CanadaOttawaONCanada German remote sensing data center german aerospace centeroberpfaffenhofenwesslinggermany

Due to spatial and temporal variability an effective monitoring system for water resources must consider the use of remote sensing to provide *** Aperture Radar(sAR)is useful due to timely data acquisition and sensitivity to surface water and flooded *** ability to map flooded vegetation is attributed to the double bounce scattering mechanism,often dominant for this *** Ting Lake in China is an ideal site for evaluating sAR data for this application due to annual flooding caused by mountain snow melt causing extensive changes in flooded vegetation.A curvelet-based approach for change detection in sAR imagery works well as it highlights the change and suppresses the speckle *** paper addresses the extension of this change detection technique to polarimetric sAR data for monitoring surface water and flooded ***-2 images of Dong Ting Lake demonstrate this curvelet-based change detection technique applied to wetlands although it is applicable to other land covers and for post disaster impact *** tools are important to Digital Earth for map updating and revision.

关键词： sAR polarimetry change detection wetlands floods earth observa-tion land cover microwave remote sensing

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