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Contributions of shortwave radiation to the formation of temperature inversions in the Bay of Bengal and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean:A modeling approach

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Acta Oceanologica sinica 2022年第9期41卷 19-37页

作者： K m Azam chowdhury Wensheng Jiang Changwei Bian Guimei Liu md Kawser Ahmed shaila Akhter College of Oceanic and Atmospheric sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Department of Oceanography&International Centre for Ocean Governance(ICOG) University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh National marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing100081China Key Lab of marine Environment and Ecology of ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Frontiers science Center for Deep Ocean multispheres and Earth system(FDOmEs) Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Pilot National Laboratory for marine science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao266237China Bangladesh Betar Ministry of Information and BroadcastingGovernment of the People’s Republic of BangladeshDhaka1207Bangladesh

Variations in incoming shortwave radiation influence the net surface heat flux,contributing to the formation of a temperature *** effects of shortwave radiation on the temperature inversions in the Bay of Bengal and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean have never been ***,a high-resolution(horizontal resolution of 0.07°×0.07° with 50 vertical layers) Regional Ocean modeling system(ROms) model is utilized to quantify the contributions of shortwave radiation to the temperature inversions in the study *** of the mixed layer heat and salt budgets are performed,and different model simulations are *** model results suggest that a 30% change in shortwave radiation can change approximately 3% of the temperature inversion area in the Bay of *** shortwave radiation reduces the net surface heat flux and cools the mixed layer substantially;it also reduces the evaporation rate,causing less evaporative water vapor losses from the ocean than the typical situation,and ultimately enhances haline ***,the rudimentary outcome of this research is that a decrease in shortwave radiation produces more temperature inversion in the study region,which is primarily driven by the net surface cooling and supported by the intensive haline ***,low shortwave radiation eventually intensifies the temperature inversion layer by thickening the barrier *** study could be an important reference for predicting how the Indian Ocean climate will respond to future changes in shortwave radiation.

关键词： mixed layer cooling haline stratification temperature inversion ROms model shortwave radiation Bay of Bengal eastern equatorial Indian Ocean

An all-optical scheme of signed digit binary addition based on optical non-linear material

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Optoelectronics Letters 2008年第6期4卷 447-451页

作者： Kuladeep Roy chowdhury sourangshu mukhopadhyay Department of Physics The University of BurdwanGolapbag

We propose a new integrated method which covers addition of any two signed digit numbers in all-optical domain. To implement this scheme we have exploited some photo-refractive characters of optical non-linear materials,which may experience 0.1-0.2dB attenuation loss as silica is used as non-linear medium. moreover,the attenuation loss may be reduced to 0.001 dB/m if we consider the use of slow light at 1.56μm.

关键词：二进制算法计算机技术光学非线性材料光学应用

Videos in Improving Farmers’ Innovation Capacity for Climate-smart Forest and Agricultural Practices: An Experience of madhupur sal Forest in Bangladesh

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第3期6卷 83-99页

作者： m. A. sarker Ataharul H. chowdhury mahmuda Hoque Baokun Lei K. H. kabir Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Kunming China University of West Indies ministry of Education Bangladesh Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh

madhupur sal forest is one of the major forests in Bangladesh which is also under intimidation of severe deforestation due to settlement of the ethnic people and encroachment for farming. However, deforestation is one of the major factors responsible for climatic change events like recurrent natural calamities and degradation of natural resources. Thus, a pilot project was taken in the forest area by Bangladesh Agricultural University to minimize carbon emission through introduction of low emission agricultural practices (vermi-compost and botanical pesticide) in crop production and to increase women’s participation in social forestry program. It also introduced improved cooker in the study area for reducing amount of fire wood for cooking. Video mediated extension approach was used to teach the people of the forest community regarding the consequences of climate change on their livelihoods. Findings showed that, project beneficiaries are now impressively aware on consequences of climate change issues. Around 75% of them are now using own made vermi-compost and botanical pesticide in agricultural production mixed with social forestry, while 42% of them are using improved cooker which has significantly reduced amount of fire wood for cooking. This is ultimately contributing in minimizing the rate of deforestation. However, the project initiatives have created alternate income opportunities of the forest community people through safe and organic cultivation of vegetables and fruits in the leased land. On the other hand, this social forestry programme will directly contribute in reducing consequences of climate change in the long run.

关键词： Innovation Capacity Video-mediated Extension Climate-smart Practices

Design of current mirror integration ROIC for snapshot mode operation

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Journal of semiconductors 2016年第10期37卷 68-74页

作者： Hari shanker Gupta A s Kiran Kumar m.shojaei Baghini subhananda Chakrabarti sanjeev mehta Arup Roy chowdhury Dinesh K sharma Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India space Applications Centre Jodhpur Tekra Ahmedabad India

Current mirror integration（CmI） read out integrated circuit（ROIC） topology provides a low input impedance to photo-detectors and provides large injection efficiency, large charge handling capacity and snapshot mode operation without in-pixel opamps. The ROIC described in this paper has been implemented with a modified current mirror circuit, with matched PmOs pairs for detector input stage and its biasing. The readout circuit has been designed for 30×30μm^2 pixel size, 4×4 array size, variable frame rate, 5 me charga pixel per second（mpps）.Experimental performance of the test chip has achieved 15 me charge handling capacity, a high dynamic range of83 dB, 99.8% linearity and 99.96% injection efficiency. The ROIC design has been fabricated in 3.3 V 1P6 mUmC180 nm CmOs process and tested up to 5 mHz pixel rate at room and at cryogenic temperature.

关键词： pixel pitch readout integrated circuit (ROIC) cryogenics snapshot FPA IR detectors

Bioactive nanotherapeutic trends to combat triple negative breast cancer

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Bioactive materials 2021年第10期6卷 3269-3287页

作者： Pallabita chowdhury Upasana Ghosh Kamalika samanta meena Jaggi subhash C.Chauhan murali m.Yallapu Department of Pharmaceutical sciences University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering School of EngineeringRutgers UniversityThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ08854USA Department of Immunology and microbiology School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTXUSA south Texas Center of Excellence in Cancer Research School of MedicineUniversity of Texas Rio Grande ValleyMcAllenTXUSA

The management of aggressive breast cancer,particularly,triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)remains a formidable challenge,despite treatment *** newer therapies such as atezolizumab,olaparib,and sacituzumab can tackle the breast cancer prognosis and/or progression,but achieved limited survival benefit(s).The current research efforts are aimed to develop and implement strategies for improved bioavailability,targetability,reduce systemic toxicity,and enhance therapeutic outcome of FDA-approved treatment *** review presents various nanoparticle technology mediated delivery of chemotherapeutic agent(s)for breast cancer *** article also documents novel strategies to employ cellular and cell membrane cloaked(biomimetic)nanoparticles for effective clinical *** technologies offer a safe and active targeting nanomedicine for effective management of breast cancer,especially TNBC.

关键词： Breast cancer treatment Triple negative breast cancer Chemotherapy Nanoparticles membrane cloaked nanoparticles Nanomedicine Biomimetic nanoparticles

status,structure and environmental variations in semi-arid mangroves of India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 163-173页

作者： G.A.Thivakaran seema B.sharma Abhiroop chowdhury Arumugam murugan Coastal and marine Ecology Division Gujarat Institute of Desert EcologyBhujGujaratIndia Department of Earth and Environmental sciences KSKV Kachchh UniversityMundra RoadBhujGujaratIndia Department of Chemistry Manipal University JaipurDehmi KalanJaipur-Ajmer Express WayJaipurRajasthan 303007India Central marine Fisheries Research Institute Mandapam Regional CentreMarine Fisheries P.OMandapam CampusRamanathapuramTamil Nadu 623520India

The semi-arid mangroves of the Gulf of Kachchh,the largest ecosystems on the west coast of India,are poorly studied in terms of vegetation structure and environmental parameters in spite of their conservation ***,it is necessary to document the structural features of these mangroves in view of ongoing coastal industrial *** forest structure in 10 locations on the northern and southern coasts of the Gulf of Kachchh were assessed using the line intercept transect *** included density of young and mature age classes,tree heights,diameters at breast height(DBH)and aboveground biomass,along with seven significant environmental *** tree densities ranged from 350 to 1567 ***-1,while average height and girth at breast height ranged from 1.0 to 6.8 m and 3.0 to 137.0 cm,*** majority of trees(55.6%)were in B 1.8 m height class followed by a 1.9 to 2.4 m class(25.1%).DBH was most often in class 2 cm or lower than *** the canopy index classes,more trees were recorded in class ≤2 *** regeneration density was greater than the recruitment *** study indicates that the poor structural attributes of Avicennia marina *** stapf and mold dominated mangroves are largely due to aridity induced by scarce and erratic rainfall and high soil and water *** results should be valuable in conserving and sustainably managing these mangroves in the face of developmental activities.

关键词： mangroves Vegetation structure Abiotic factors Biodiversity Forest management Aboveground biomass Conservation

Potassium-Induced Regulation of Cellular Antioxidant Defense and Improvement of Physiological Processes in Wheat under Water Deficit Condition

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第2期90卷 353-372页

作者： Abdul Awal chowdhury masud mdFazlul Karim m.H.m.Borhannuddin Bhuyan Jubayer Al mahmud Kamrun Nahar masayuki Fujita mirza Hasanuzzaman Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh Citrus Research Center Bangladesh Agricultural Research InstituteJaintapur3156Bangladesh Department of Agroforestry and Environmental science Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh Department of Agricultural Botany Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh Laboratory of Plant stress Responses Department of Applied Biological SciencesKagawa UniversityKagawa761-0795Japan

Drought is the most common form of abiotic stress that reduces plant growth and *** causes plant injuries through elevated production of reactive oxygen species(ROs).Potassium(K)is a vital plant nutrient that notably ameliorates the detrimental effect of drought stress in the plant.A pot experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant stress Responses,Faculty of Agriculture,Kagawa University,Japan,under controlled environment of green house to explore the role of K in mitigating drought severity in wheat(Triticum asevitum L.)*** days after germination,seedlings were exposed to three water regimes viz.,100,50,and 20%field capacity(FC)for 21 *** was adjusted in Hoagland nutrient solution at 0,6 and 12 mm concentration and applied to pot instead of normal *** show that,water deficit stress notably reduced plant growth,biomass accumulation,leaf relative water content(RWC)along with reduced photosynthetic *** amount of biochemical stress markers viz.,malondialdehyde(mDA),hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),methylglyoxal(mG),proline(Pro)as well as an impaired antioxidant defense system were observed in drought affected wheat *** the contrary,K supplementation resulted in improvement of biochemical and physiological parameters that worked behind in improving growth and development of the wheat *** addition,enzymes of ascorbateglutathione(AsA-GsH)cycle were also enhanced by supplemented K that accelerated the ROs detoxification process in *** glyoxalse system did not performed well till mG was detoxified might following another short stepped *** results revealed that drought stressed plants showed better performances in terms of biochemical and physiological attributes,antioxidant defense and glyoxalase system,as well as ROs detoxification due to K supplementation with better performance at 12 mm K added in 50%FC growing condition.

关键词： Abiotic stress drought plant nutrient relative water content reactive oxygen species antioxidant H_(2)O_(2) methylglyoxal

A state-of-the-art integrative approach to studying neck biomechanics in vivo

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science China(Technological sciences) 2020年第7期63卷 1235-1246页

作者： ZHOU Yu chowdhury suman REDDY Curran WAN Bocheng BYRNE Ryan YIN Wei ZHANG Xudong Department of Industrial&systems Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Industrial Manufacturing&Systems EngineeringTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409.USA Department of mechanical Engineering&materials science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Neck injuries are significant causes of morbidity and mortality, and their chronic forms due to repetitive or sustained physical acts(e.g., prolonged use of mobile phone with a dropped head) are becoming increasingly more prevalent. many injuries are preventable but the prevention and control requires a clear basic understanding of the neck biomechanics. In this paper, we describe a first-of-its-kind study that integrates a gamut of state-of-the-art imaging modalities(dynamic radiography, computed tomography(CT), and magnetic resonance imaging(mRI)) and biodynamic measurements(motion capture, electromyography(EmG), force sensing), thereby investigating holistically the in vivo responses of the neck and its various interconnected musculoskeletal components during functional activities. We present a sample of findings to illustrate how the integrations at multiple levels can enable creating truly subject-specific neck musculoskeletal models and attaining novel insights that otherwise would be unattainable by a singular or subset of approaches.

关键词： neck injury neck biomechanics in vivo integration

Role of Oral misoprostol in First Trimester Abortion: A Prospective study at CmH, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第1期10卷 179-186页

作者： s. K. chowdhury m. Z. Hussain Combined military Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Border Guard Hospital Peelkhana Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: misoprostol has been used for medical abortion. We conducted this prospective study to see the efficacy of oral misoprostol in our tertiary Hospital. Objective: Objective of this study was to assess the efficiency, safety and compliance of misoprostol in first trimester abortion. materials and methods: This prospective study was undertaken in obstetrics and gynecology dept of CmH Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2014 up to Dec 2014. A total 50 patients of incomplete abortion (54%), missed abortion (30%), anembryonic pregnancy (14%) and inevitable abortion (2%) of s of gestation were the targeted population. study population was diagnosed from history, physical examination and ultrasonogram had received 600 microgram misoprostol orally. If the pregnancy was not completely evacuated at this time another dose of misoprostol was given. All women returned for follow-up care 7 days later. If the pregnancy was not completely evacuated at this time, women underwent immediate surgical evacuation. Efficacy was defined as the percent of women discharged from the study without need for surgical intervention. Results: 30 patients had complete evacuation after 1st dose, 12 cases needed 2nd dose and only 2 cases needed 3rd dose. Remaining 6 cases needed surgical evacuation. Efficacy was satisfactory (85%) and analysis revealed statistically significant (p 0.05). Conclusion: management of first trimester abortion with oral misoprostol is highly effective and highly acceptable.

关键词： Role of Oral misoprostol First Trimester Abortion