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Farmers'participatory selection of new rice varieties to boost production under temperate agro-ecosystems

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1307-1314页

作者： s Najeeb F A sheikh G A Parray A B shikari G zaffar s c kashyp M A Ganie A B shah Mountain Research centre for Field crops KhudwaniAnantnagSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of KashmirJammu&Kashmir 192102India centre for Biotechnology Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of KashmirShafimarJammu&Kashmir 191121India Dryland Agriculture Research station Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of KashmirSrinagarJammu&Kashmir 191111India Assistant Director Education Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of JammuChattaJammu&Kashmir 180009India

In mountain agriculture, early maturity, high grain yield and high biomass are generally considered as farmer preferred traits in rice crop in addition to a multiple set of traits collectively responsible for variety adoption or rejection. The varieties tested only on station evaluation trials without taking the data from the farmers＇ fields by not including farmers as partners for variety evaluation are the reasons of low adoption of varieties. In this regard, a participatory methodology was followed by conducting a number of participatory trials in the farmers＇ fields during 2012-2014 in six districts of Kashmir Valley, India. The mother trials in the farmers＇ fields showed that the test variety sKUA-408 consistently and significantly out yielded Jhelum and farmers＇ variety followed by shalimar rice 3 （sR3）. The other released varieties like sR1 and sR2 could not perform nicely in the farmers＇ fields because of late maturity. After making the t-test comparison of baby trials （paired plots）, the mean yield superiority of test varieties sKUA-408, sR3, and sKUA-403 over farmers＇ variety during 2013 was around 23, 25, and 22％, respectively, whereas in 2014 the respective yield advantage was recorded as 16.3, 17.7, and 16.2％. In all districts, sKUA-408 and sR3 were significantly preferred by farmers （P〈0.05 or 0.01） in terms of pre-harvest traits namely, tillering ability and general phenotypic acceptability, early maturity and biomass and for post-harvest traits such as general cooking quality besides, the intention to grow the variety for next year. Adoption and dissemination of sKUA-408 began in 2014 from the farm-saved seed in the form of farmer to farmer seed exchange. Farmers are the end users of a variety so the decision by the farmers while judging the variety should be taken into consideration to make the varietal choice more effective for its widespread adoption.

关键词： baby trials farmers' perception farmer preferred traits mother trials mountain agriculture participatory varietal selection variety adoption and popularization

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Machine learning empowers efficient design of ternary organic solar cells with PM6 donor

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 337-347页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale santosh s.sutar Atul c.Khot Tae Geun Kim school of Electrical Engineering Korea University computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology Shivaji University Yashwantrao chavan school of Rural Development Shivaji University

Organic solar cells(Oscs) hold great potential as a photovoltaic technology for practical ***, the traditional experimental trial-and-error method for designing and engineering Oscs can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming. Machine learning(ML) techniques enable the proficient extraction of information from datasets, allowing the development of realistic models that are capable of predicting the efficacy of materials with commendable accuracy. The PM6 donor has great potential for high-performance Oscs. However, it is crucial for the rational design of a ternary blend to accurately forecast the power conversion efficiency(PcE) of ternary Oscs(TOscs) based on a PM6 ***, we collected the device parameters of PM6-based TOscs and evaluated the feature importance of their molecule descriptors to develop predictive models. In this study, we used five different ML algorithms for analysis and prediction. For the analysis, the classification and regression tree provided different rules, heuristics, and patterns from the heterogeneous dataset. The random forest algorithm outperforms other prediction ML algorithms in predicting the output performance of PM6-based TOscs. Finally, we validated the ML outcomes by fabricating PM6-based TOscs. Our study presents a rapid strategy for assessing a high PcE while elucidating the substantial influence of diverse descriptors.

关键词： Random forests

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A comprehensive investigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.KIRAN D.sINGH R.VAIsH V.s.cHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehensive investigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the c0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. Various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursive(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is validated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies investigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

关键词： Inverse problems

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and c(PKA and PKc)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKc activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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Ultra‑Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next‑Generation Flexible Optoelectronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 293-309页

作者： Kiran A.Nirmal Tukaram D.Dongale Atul c.Khot chenjie Yao Nahyun Kim Tae Geun Kim school of Electrical Engineering Korea UniversityAnam‑ro 145Seongbuk‑guSeoulRepublic of Korea computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory School of Nanoscience and BiotechnologyShivaji UniversityKolhapur 416004India

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic ***,they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy,display,healthcare,and soft *** meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional,brittle,metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity,optical transparency,and enhanced mechanical *** this paper,we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using selfcracking-assisted *** this method,we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency(97.39%),high conductance(Rs=21.24Ωsq^(−1)),elevated work function(5.16 eV),and good mechanical *** also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics,organic light-emitting diodes,and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing,resulting in exceptional device *** addition,the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility,rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.

关键词： self-cracking template Vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh Organic solar cells Organic light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory

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Effect of Excited and Fourth Generation Leptons in Lepton Flavor Violating μ− → e- 2γ Decay

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chinese Physics Letters 2011年第8期28卷 51-53页

作者： s.c.İnan Department of Physics Cumhuriyet UniversitySivas 58140Turkey

We study the lepton flavor violatingμ−→e-2γdecay induced by the mediation of heavy leptons,such as the excited and fourth generation *** of these leptons inμ−→e-2γdecay are *** is found that the branching ratio of this decay is very sensitive to excited and fourth generation ***,we obtain the bounds on model parameters by using the current experimental limit of this decay.

关键词： decay excited branching

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Direct Graviton Production via Photon-Photon Fusion at the cERN-LHc

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chinese Physics Letters 2012年第3期29卷 63-66页

作者： s.c.İnan Department of Physics Cumhuriyet University58140SivasTurkey

The potential of pp→pγγp/→pGp process in scenarios of the Arkani-Hamed,Dimopoulos,Dvali(ADD)and Randall-sundrum(Rs)model at the LHc is examined,and 95%*** on the model parameters are *** is found that the sensitiv... 详细信息

关键词： reaction bounds LHc

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The impact of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),child-turcotte-pugh(cTP)score and disease staging on the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)patients:a retrospective cohort from single oncology center

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 149-160页

作者： NAssER MULLA YOUsEF KATIB AsIM M.ALMUGHAMsI DUAA s.ALKHAYAT MOHAMED MOsAAD sAMIR T.ALFOTIH RAWAN ALAOFI Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineTaibah UniversityMadinah42278Saudi Arabia Department of Radiology Faculty of MedicineTaibah UniversityMadinah42278Saudi Arabia Department of surgery Faculty of MedicineTaibah UniversityMadinah42278Saudi Arabia Department of Endemic and Infectious Diseases Suez Canal UniversityIsmailia41522Egypt King salman bin Abdulaziz Medical city Madinah42311Saudi Arabia Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital Madinah41511Saudi Arabia

Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)is the most common cause of cancer-related death in saudi *** study aimed to investigate the patterns of Hcc and the effect of TNM staging,Alfa-fetoprotein(AFP),and child-Turcotte Pugh(cTP)on patients’overall survival(Os).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 Hcc patients at a single oncology center in saudi Arabia from 2015 to *** patients had to fulfill one of the following criteria:(a)a liver lesion reported as definitive Hcc on dynamic imaging and/or(b)a biopsy-confirmed ***:The mean patient age of all Hcc cases was 66.8 with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3:*** patients were stratified into two groups:viral Hcc(n=22,51%)and non-viral Hcc(n=21,49%).Among viral-Hcc patients,55%were due to HBV and 45%due to *** was diagnosed in 79%of *** and sex did not significantly statistically differ in Os among viral and non-viral Hcc patients(p-value>0.05).About 65%of patients had tumor size>5 cm during the diagnosis,with a significant statistical difference in Os(p-value=0.027).AFP was>400 ng/ml in 45%of the *** was a statistically significant difference in the Os in terms of AFP levels(p-value=0.021).A statistically significant difference was also observed between the cTP score and Os(p-value=0.02).cTP class B had the longest *** was the most common treatment provided to Hcc patients followed by sorafenib *** was a significant statistical difference in Os among viral and non-viral Hcc patients(p-value=0.008).conclusions:The most common predictors for Os were the underlying cause of Hcc,AFP,and tumor *** having non-viral etiology,a tumor size>5 cm,an AFP>400 ng/mL,and a cTP score class c were all negatively associated with Os.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Pattern Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) child-turcotte-pugh Progression free survival

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controversies in fecal incontinence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 113-119页

作者： Andreia Albuquerque satish s c Rao school of Medicine and Biomedical sciences Fernando Pessoa UniversityGondomar 4420-096PortoPortugal Precancerous Lesions and Early cancer Management Research Group RIsE@cI-IPO(Health Research Network) Portuguese Oncology Institute of PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912United States

Fecal incontinence is a common condition that can significantly impact patients’quality of *** anal sphincter injury and anorectal surgeries are common *** ultrasound and anorectal manometry are important diagnostic tools for evaluating *** are various treatment options,including diet,lifestyle modifications,drugs,biofeedback therapy,tibial and sacral nerve neuromodulation therapy,and *** this editorial,we will discuss current controversies and novel approaches to fecal *** for asymptomatic anal sphincter defects after obstetric anal sphincter injury and in patients with inflammatory bowel disease is not generally recommended,but may be helpful in selected *** Garg incontinence score is a new score that includes the assessment of solid,liquid,flatus,mucous,stress and urge fecal *** tests such as translumbosacral anorectal magnetic stimulation and novel therapies such as translumbosacral neuromodulation therapy are promising diagnostic and treatment options,for both fecal incontinence and *** biofeedback therapy can overcome some limitations of the office-based *** muscle-derived cell implantation of the external anal sphincter has been further studied as a possible treatment *** neuromodulation may be useful in scleroderma,congenital fecal incontinence and inflammatory bowel disease but merits further study.

关键词： Fecal incontinence Endoanal ultrasound Anal sphincter defects Biofeedback Neuropathy sacral neuromodulation

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Reduction of wave impact on seashore as well as seawall by floating structure and bottom topography

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第6期32卷 1191-1206页

作者： Amandeep Kaur s.c.Martha Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology RoparRupnagarPunjabIndia

The three-dimensional problem involving diffraction of water wave by a finite floating rigid dock over an arbitrary bottom is studied for two cases(1)in the absence of wall(2)in the presence of *** problem is handled for its solution with the aid of step *** both asymmetric and symmetric arbitrary bottom profile is approximated using successive *** approximation helps to apply the matched eigenfunction expansion method,in result,system of algebraic equations are obtained which are solved to determine the hydrodynamic quantities,namely,force experienced by rigid floating dock as well as rigid seawall,free surface elevation,transmission and reflection coefficients associated with transmission and reflected waves *** effects of various structural and system parameters are examined on these hydrodynamics *** appropriate values of length and thickness of dock,water depth and angle of incidence provide the salient information to marine and coastal engineers to design the offshore structures and creation of parabolic trench on the *** present results are compared with known results in special case of bottom *** energy balance relation is derived and checked.

关键词： Arbitrary bottom step approximation hydrodynamic quantities

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