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solution‑Processed Thin Film Transparent Photovoltaics:Present Challenges and Future Development

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 566-600页

作者： Tianle Liu Munerah M.s.Almutairi Jie Ma Aisling stewart Zhaohui Xing Mengxia Liu Bo Hou Yuljae Cho UM-sJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China school of Physics and Astronomy Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAWalesUK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Energy sciences Institute Yale UniversityWest HavenCT 06516USA Future Photovoltaics Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China

Electrical energy is essential for modern society to sustain economic *** soaring demand for the electrical energy,together with an awareness of the environmental impact of fossil fuels,has been driving a shift towards the utilization of solar ***,traditional solar energy solutions often require extensive spaces for a panel installation,limiting their practicality in a dense urban *** overcome the spatial constraint,researchers have developed transparent photovoltaics(TPV),enabling windows and facades in vehicles and buildings to generate electric *** TPV advancements are focused on improving both transparency and power output to rival commercially available silicon solar *** this review,we first briefly introduce wavelength-and non-wavelengthselective strategies to achieve *** of merit and theoretical limits of TPVs are discussed to comprehensively understand the status of current TPV *** we highlight recent progress in different types of TPVs,with a particular focus on solution-processed thin-film photovoltaics(PVs),including colloidal quantum dot PVs,metal halide perovskite PVs and organic *** applications of TPVs are also reviewed,with emphasis on agrivoltaics,smart windows and ***,current challenges and future opportunities in TPV research are pointed out.

关键词： Transparent semiconductors solution-processable transparent solar cell Emerging solar cell materials Buildingintegrated photovoltaics

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Targeting harmful effects of non-excitatory amino acids as an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2454-2463页

作者： Victoria Jiménez Carretero IrisÁlvarez-Merz Jorge Hernández-Campano sergei A.Kirov Jesús M.Hernández-Guijo Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research(IRYCIs) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Institute of Neurobiology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine&Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

The involvement of the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate in ce rebral ischemia and excitotoxicity is ***,the role of non-excitatory amino acids in brain damage following a stroke or brain trauma remains largely *** release of amino acids by necrotic cells in the ischemic core may contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversible loss of field excitato ry postsynaptic potentials caused by transient hypoxia became irreversible when exposed to a mixture of just four non-excitatory amino acids(L-alanine,glycine,L-glutamine,and L-serine)at their plasma *** amino acids induce swelling in the somas of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,along with permanent dendritic damage mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal damage in the presence of these amino acids during *** is likely that astroglial swelling caused by the accumulation of these amino acids via the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system N transporters activates volume-regulated anion channels,leading to the release of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal damage through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ***,previously unrecognized mechanisms involving non-excitatory amino acids may contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurological emergencies such as stroke and traumatic brain *** these pathways co uld highlight new therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury.

关键词： cell swelling N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor non-excitatory amino acids stroke synaptic transmission

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Restless head syndrome:A retrospective study

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 51-59页

作者： sanjay Prakash Varoon Vadodaria Niraj Chawda Chetsi s shah Anurag Prakash Department of Neurology Smt.B.K.Shah Medical Institute and Research CentreSumandeep VidyapeethVadodara 391760GujarātIndia Department of Medicine Smt.B.K.Shah Medical Institute and Research CentreSumandeep VidyapeethVadodara 391760GujarātIndia Department of Medicine Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CentreParul University WaghodiaVadodara 391760India

BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLs)is characterized by an urge to move with an unpleasant sensation in the lower *** typically affects the ***,it can also affect several other body regions,such as the arms,abdomen,face,neck,head,and genital *** are only a few reports of the RLs variant affecting the *** To assess the epidemiological,clinical,and other aspects of the RLs variant affecting the *** We conducted a retrospective study of 17 adult patients(>18 years)who met the RLs criteria and simultaneously experienced RLs-like symptoms in the *** The median age at which symptoms appeared was 41.6 *** and females were equally affected(1.1:1).All 17 patients had uncomfortable sensations in the lower *** or disturbed sleep was the most common comorbidity(n=16,88.2%).However,headache was the most common presenting or primary symptom(n=10,70.5%).Dizziness or an abnormal sensation in the head was the second most common presenting symptom(5 patients,29.4%).Other presenting features were leg pain,backache,and generalized body *** patients responded favorably to dopaminergic *** If RLs-related unpleasant sensations and pain are felt in the head,they may be misinterpreted as headache,dizziness,or psychosomatic *** and headaches in a subset of patients may be two phenotypic manifestations of the same disorder.

关键词： Restless legs syndrome Restless head syndrome Dopamine Headache Migraine Tension-type headache

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Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 20-25页

作者： Nadeesha R samarasinghe Taniya s Nagpal Michele L Barbeau Charys M Martin Division of General surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3BCCanada Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2R3ABCanada Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada

The benefits of regular physical activity are well ***,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary *** investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MsK)anatomy course *** synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy *** fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously *** the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MsK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental *** participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MsK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce *** majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social ***,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MsK course *** with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

关键词： Medical education Musculoskeletal Anatomy Exercise Online learning

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Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles:challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1997-1998页

作者： Paz Cartas-Cejudo Adriana Cortés Mercedes Lachén-Montes Elena Anaya-Cubero Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen Enrique santamaría Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit Proteomics PlatformNavarrabiomedHospitalario Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain

Data-driven drug repositioning using olfactory omics profiles-challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration:Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of neuronal function in the central nervous *** diseases are often characterized as proteinopathies,which are disorders primarily driven by the aggregation or misfolding of specific amyloid proteins within cells,leading to their dysfunction and eventual *** the gain-of-function hypothesis related to the aggregation of these proteins,recently,an alternative hypothesis regarding the loss-of-function of the soluble monomeric proteins during the process of aggregation into amyloids is gaining *** last event is called proteinopenia and refers to conditions characterized by a deficiency or decrease in the levels of specific soluble proteins in the body(Ezzat et al.,2023).It has been demonstrated that levels of soluble proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases are decreased.

关键词： diseases drug amyloid

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Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2969-2981页

作者： Mackenzie M.spicer Jianqi Yang Daniel Fu Alison N.DeVore Marisol Lauffer Nilufer s.Atasoy Deniz Atasoy Rory A.Fisher Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Iowa Neuroscience Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Neural Circuits and Behavior Core University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s *** hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s *** stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly ***,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGs6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in ***,we generated novel RGs6fl/fl;APP_(sWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGs6 deletion from dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse *** found that voluntary running in APP_(sWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control *** cognitive rescue was abolished by RGs6 deletion in dentate gyrus neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal *** hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(sWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGs6 deletion in dentate gyrus neural precursor ***6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGs6-expressing ***,RGs6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(sWE) mice,identifying RGs6 in dentate gyrus neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease dentate gyrus exercise learning/memory neural precursor cells regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGs6)

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Merging bound states in the continuum in an open acoustic resonator

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 124-131页

作者： Lujun Huang Bin Jia Artem s.Pilipchuk sibo Huang Chen shen Almas F.sadreev Yong Li Andrey E.Miroshnichenko school of Physics and Electronic sciences East China Normal University Institute of Acoustics Tongji University L.V.Kirensky Institute of Physics Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University school of Engineering and Technology University of New South Wales at Canberra

Bound states in the continuum （BICs） are perfectly localized resonances despite embedding in the continuum ***,an isolated BIC is very sensitive to the structure ***,we report merging acoustic BICs in a single open resonator,robust against the structure *** find that both symmetry-protected BIC and Friedrich-Wintgen BIC are sustained in a single coupled waveguide-resonator *** varying the height and length of the resonator,these two BICs move toward each other and merge into a single one at a critical *** to an individual BIC,the merged BIC is robust against fabrication error because its Q-factor is proportional to ΔL-4,whereΔL embodies the structure *** essence of this extraordinary phenomenon is perfectly explained by the two-and three-level approximations of the effective nonHermitian ***,we present direct experimental demonstrations of the moving and merging of BICs in a coupled 3D waveguide-resonator,which are evidenced by the vanishing of the linewidth of Fano resonance in the transmission *** results may find exciting applications in designing high-quality acoustic sources,sensors and filters.

关键词： acoustic resonances bound state in the continuum high-Q resonances

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Lactate is a potentially harmful substitute for brain glucose fuel:consequences for metabolic restoration of neurotransmission

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1403-1404页

作者： Oliver Kann Lennart soder Babak Khodaie Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences(IZN) Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany

The metabolite lactate (L-lactate) can be generated and released by diverse brain cells,including neurons,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes (Kann,2023;Rae et al.,2024).Lactate production usually requires the degradation of glucose (D-glucose)-and glycogen in astrocytes-to pyruvate by glycolysis and subsequent conversion of pyruvate to lactate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase(Figure 1A;Dienel,2019;Rae et al.,2024).

关键词： consequences Figure restoration

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Polyethylene glycol has immunoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.smith Liwen Zhou Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Michelle Mikesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared s.Bushman George D.Bittner Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharmaceutical sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segmental-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo immunological rejection by the host immune *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced immune responses,and many axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol might have some immune-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** examined how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft morphological and immunological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a modified protocol using the same solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 mm to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,animals with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and myelin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-mediated behavioral functions by 42 days *** morphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotomy macrophage myelin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

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Effects of Zr substitution on structural,morphological,and magnetic properties of bismuth iron oxide phases

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第8期26卷 450-455页

作者： A Asif M Hassan s Riaz s Naseem s s Hussain Materials Growth and simulation Laboratory Department of PhysicsUniversity of the PunjabLahore-54590Pakistan Center of Excellence in solid state Physics University of the PunjabLahore-54590Pakistan

The present study involves co-precipitation method to grow un-doped and Zr-doped bismuth iron oxide with x_（Zr）=0.10–0.30. The molar solutions of ferric chloride（FeCl_3）, zirconyle chloride（ZrOCl_2）, and bismuth chloride（BiCl_3） are prepared in distilled water, and are allowed to react with sodium hydroxide（Na OH）. The synthesized powders are then converted into pellets, which are sintered at 500℃ for two hours in a muffle furnace. X-ray diffraction（XRD） shows multi-phase formation in un-doped and Zr doped samples. scanning electron microscope（sEM） depicts layered structure at low Zr concentration x_（Zr）= 0.10, while uniform surface with smaller grains and voids is observed at x_（Zr）= 0.20, but at x_（Zr）= 0.30, cracks and voids become prominent. The ferromagnetic nature of the un-doped sample is observed by vibrating sample magnetometer（VsM）, while paramagnetic behavior appears due to Zr doping. The ferromagnetism in un-doped sample is lost by Zr doping, which is due to the formation of additional Fe–O–Zr bonds that induce paramagnetic behavior.

关键词： co-precipitation multi-phases ferromagnetism paramagnetism BiFeO3

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