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Impaired contractility and remodeling of the upper gastrointestinal tract in diabetes mellitus type-1

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第36期13卷 4881-4890页

作者： Jens BrΦndum FrΦkjΦr sφren due andersen Niels EjskjΦr Peter Funch-Jensen AsbjΦrn Mohr Drewes Hans Gregersen Center for Visceral Biomechanics and Pain Aalborg Hospital Aalborg Denmark Department of Radiology Aalborg Hospital Aalborg Denmark Department of Endocrinology M Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Department of surgical Gastroenterology L Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Center for sensory-Motor Interaction Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Denmark Center for sensory-Motor Interaction Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Denmark National Center for Ultrasound in Gastro-enterology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway

AIM: To investigate that both the neuronal function of the contractile system and structural apparatus of the gastrointestinal tract are affected in patients with longstanding diabetes and auto mic neuropathy. METHODs: The evoked esophageal and duodenal contractile activity to standardized bag distension was assessed using a specialized ultrasound-based probe. Twelve type-1 diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy and severe gastrointestinal symptoms and 12 healthy controls were studied. The geometry and biomechanical parameters (strain, tension/stress, and stiffness) were assessed. REsULTs: The diabetic patients had increased frequency of distension-induced contractions (6.0 ± 0.6 vs 3.3 ± 0.5, P s increased reactivity was correlated with the duration of the disease (P = 0.009). Impaired coordination of the contractile activity in diabetic patients was demonstrated as imbalance between the time required to evoke the first contraction at the distension site and proximal to it (1.5 ± 0.6 vs 0.5 ± 0.1, P = 0.03). The esophageal wall and especially the mucosa-submucosa layer had increased thickness in the patients (P ssive stretch was less in diabetics (P sophageal and duodenal wall stiffness and circumferential deformation induced by the distensions were not affected in the patients (all P > 0.14). CONCLUsION: The impaired contractile activity with an imbalance in the distension-induced contractions likely reflects neuronal abnormalities due to autonomic neuropathy. However, structural changes and remodeling of the gastrointestinal tract are also evident and may add to the neuronal changes. This may contribute to the pathophysiology of diabetic gut dysfunction and impact on future management of diabetic patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.

关键词： Diabetes Autonomic Neuropathy Bio- mechanics Contractility Ultrasound Esophagus Duodenum Deformation stress

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Linking monitoring and modelling for river basin management:Danish experience with combating nutrient loadings to the aquatic environment from point and non-point sources

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science China(Technological sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3335-3347页

作者： KRONVANG Brian WINDOLF JФrgen GRANT Ruth andersen Hans E THODsEN Hans OVEsEN Niels B LARsEN sФren E National Environmental Research Institute Aarhus University VejlsФvej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark

Nationwide monitoring of the aquatic environment was initiated in 1988 in Denmark as a means to follow the outcome of the Action Plans for nutrient pollution of the aquatic environment. Five Action Plans have been adopted by the Danish Parliament since 1985 and the nationwide monitoring programme can be used to quantify the outcome as shown by reductions in nutrient discharges from both point and non-point sources. Moreover, the empirical experience gathered from nearly 20 years of monitoring is assisting the development and calibration of models for simulation of nitrogen leaching, nitrogen removal in groundwater and surface waters and the establishment of a P-index all covering the entire land area of Denmark.

关键词： nitrogen phosphorus monitoring data point sources non-point sources models Action Plans Danish experience

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Total Variation Based Parameter-Free Model for Impulse Noise Removal

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2017年第1期10卷 186-204页

作者： Federica sciacchitano Yiqiu Dong Martin s.andersen Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer science Technical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

We propose a new two-phase method for reconstruction of blurred im-ages corrupted by impulse *** the first phase,we use a noise detector to iden-tify the pixels that are contaminated by noise,and then,in the second phase,we reconstruct the noisy pixels by solving an equality constrained total variation mini-mization problem that preserves the exact values of the noise-free *** images that are only corrupted by impulse noise(i.e.,not blurred)we apply the semismooth Newton’s method to a reduced problem,and if the images are also blurred,we solve the equality constrained reconstruction problem using a first-order primal-dual *** proposed model improves the computational efficiency(in the denoising case)and has the advantage of being regularization *** numerical results suggest that the method is competitive in terms of its restoration capabilities with respect to the other two-phase methods.

关键词： Image deblurring image denoising impulse noise noise detector primal-dual first-order algorithm semismooth Newton method total variation regularization

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Oxidation controlled lift-off of 3D chiral plasmonic Au nano-hooks

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Nano Research 2019年第7期12卷 1635-1642页

作者： Gunnar Klos Amanda andersen Matteo Miola Henrik Birkedal Duncan s. sutherland Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus UniversityAarhus C 8000Denmark Department of Chemistry and iNANO Aarhus UniversityAarhus C 8000Denmark Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC)- iNANO Aarhus UniversityAarhus C 8000Denmark

Colloidal suspensions of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) are a well-established tool for biomedical applications and enhanced spectroscopy because of their strong optical *** specific response is greatly dependent on the NP *** strong optical activity of chiral NPs has created special interest but fabrication of chiral NPs in solution remains ***,we present an approach whereby three-dimensional (3D) chiral Au nano-hooks,fabricated with the parallel hole-mask colloidal lithography (HMCL) method,can be lifted off from a glass substrate in a controllable manner by using a combined treatment with oxygen plasma oxidation and a reduction step in *** method has the advantage of being based on established techniques and not requiring strong acids or complex substrates as in etching based *** furthermore demonstrate the integration of the hook NPs into reversibly cross-linked hydrogels inspired by mussel catechol chemistry but containing an oxidation resistant catechol analogue grafted onto poly(allylamine) crosslinked by coordination of Al^3+ and how this facilitates the remote analysis of hydrogel microenvironment,*** water *** suspended particles are promising candidates for optically active surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (sERs),asymmetric photo catalysis or aggregation *** integration into hydrogels to produce functional hydrogels holds benefits for applications of metamaterials in optics,sensing or activation in environmental remediation or drug delivery.

关键词： chiral nanostructures circular dichroism plasmonic sensor hole-mask colloidal lithography

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Comparison of optimizers for model predictive thermal control of buildings

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 279-287页

作者： Torben andersen Department of physics Lund UniversityProfessorsgatan 1Lund22663Sweden

Considering recent developments in the energy sector,further reduction of electricity cost and flattening of the electric power demand curve are *** have focused on an autonomous electric heater control system that can easily be implemented in existing buildings without strict comfort *** are winter heating of warehouses and vacation homes,and heat drying of buildings under *** have set up a system that typically reduces electricity cost by about 40%on the basis of automatic weather and real time pricing *** system uses the building as an energy reservoir over periods with high electricity *** a model predictive control system,we compare use of a genetic algorithm,a particle swarm optimization,and a neural network for heater control,all working in a closed loop to reduce the influence of modeling *** have simulated the performance of the systems using realistic data and found that all three optimizers give about the same performance,varying only a few percent in ***,the computational and memory requirements of the neural network are much lower than for the other optimizers,so it is preferable for use with inexpensive *** carried out a full-scale experiment at a residential house and found agreement with simulation results.

关键词： Home energy management system Demand response Genetic algorithm Particle swarm optimization Neural network Model predictive control

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Novel immune modulatory vaccines targeting TGFβ

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第5期20卷 551-553页

作者： Mads Hald andersen National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy(CCIT-DK) Department of OncologyCopenhagen University Hospital HerlevHerlevDenmark Department of Immunology and Microbiology University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

Immune modulatory vaccines (IMVs) are novel therapies designed to activate anti-regulatory T cells (anti-Tregs) [1]. Anti-Tregs recognize HLA-restricted antigens on the surface of regulatory immune cells derived from tumor microenvironment antigens (TMAs) [2], such as IDO [3], PD-L1 [4], and TGFβ [5, 6]. Having established that specific T cells recognize target cells in a TGFβ-dependent manner, we reported that such TGFβ-specific T cells are associated with clinical benefit and improved survival after combined treatment with radiotherapy (RT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) [7]. Additionally, we found that a TGFβ-based IMV impacted tumor growth in murine models of PC via immune modulation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) [8]. These data suggest that combining a TGFβ-based IMV with RT/ICI therapy will be beneficial for patients with PC.

关键词： TGFβ vaccines immune

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Understanding the effects of structured self-assessment in directed,self-regulated simulation-based training of mastoidectomy:A mixed methods study

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Journal of Otology 2020年第4期15卷 117-123页

作者： steven Arild Wuyts andersen Martin Frendø Mads Guldager Mads sølvsten sørensen Department of OtorhinolaryngologydHead&Neck surgery RigshospitaletBlegdamsvej 9DK-2100CopenhagenDenmark The simulation Centre at Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation(CAMES)Centre for HRthe Capital Region of Denmark.RigshospitaletAfsnit 5404Blegdamsvej 9DK-2100CopenhagenDenmark

Objective:self-directed training represents a challenge in simulation-based training as low cognitive effort can occur when learners overrate their own level of *** study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the positive effects of a structured self-assessment intervention during simulation-based training of ***:A prospective,educational cohort study of a novice training program consisting of directed,self-regulated learning with distributed practice(5x3 procedures)in a virtual reality temporal bone *** intervention consisted of structured self-assessment after each procedure using a rating form supported by small ***-structured telephone interviews upon completion of training were conducted with 13 out of 15 *** were analysed using directed content analysis and triangulated with quantitative data on secondary task reaction time for cognitive load estimation and participants’self-assessment ***:six major themes were identified in the interviews:goal-directed behaviour,use of learning supports for scaffolding of the training,cognitive engagement,motivation from self-assessment,selfassessment bias,and feedback on self-assessment(validation).Participants seemed to self-regulate their learning by forming individual sub-goals and strategies within the overall goal of the *** scaffolded their learning through the available learning ***,structured self-assessment was reported to increase the participants’cognitive engagement,which was further supported by a quantitative increase in cognitive ***:structured self-assessment in simulation-based surgical training of mastoidectomy seems to promote cognitive engagement and motivation in the learning task and to facilitate self-regulated learning.

关键词： Temporal bone surgery structured self-assessment Directed self-regulated learning Virtual reality surgical simulation Technical skills training simulation-based training

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Dehydration Melting and Proterozoic Granite Petrogenesis in a Collisional Orogen——A Case from the svecofennian of southern Finland

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Journal of Earth science 2021年第6期32卷 1289-1299页

作者： Tom andersen O.Tapani Rämö Department of Geosciences University of OsloN-0316OsloNorway Department of Geosciences and Geography Geology and Geophysics Research ProgramUniversity of Helsinki00014HelsinkiFinland

Dehydration melting of metasupracrustal rocks at mid-to deep-crustal levels can generate water undersaturated granitic *** this study,we evaluate the potential of~1.89–1.88 Ga metasupracrustal rocks of the Precambrian of southern Finland as source rocks for the 1.86–1.79 Ga late-orogenic leucogranites in the region,using the Rhyolite-MELTs *** close in composition to leucogranite is produced over a range of realistic pressures(5 to 8 kbar)and temperatures(800 to 850℃),at 20%–30%of partial melting,allowing separation of melt from unmelted *** solid residue is a dry,enderbitic to charnoenderbitic ganulite depleted in incompatible components,and will only yield further melt above 1000–1050℃,when rapidly increasing fractions of increasingly calcic(granodioritic to tonalitic)melts are *** solid residue after melt extraction is incapable of producing syenogranitic magmas similar to the Mid-Proterozoic,A-type rapakivi granites on further *** granitic fraction of the syenogranitic rapakivi complexes must thus have been formed by a different chain of processes,involving mantle-derived mafic melts and melts from crustal rock types not conditioned by the preceding late-orogenic svecofennian anatexis.

关键词： leucogranite rapakivi granite anatexis restite depleted granulite Finland

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Has the risk of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease decreased?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第43期19卷 7561-7568页

作者： Nynne Nyboe andersen Tine Jess Department of Epidemiology Research Statens Serum InstitutDK-2300 CopenhagenDenmark

The association between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and colorectal cancer(CRC)has been acknowledged for almost a century and is assumedly promoted by a chronic inflammation-driven carcinogenic process in the intestine in combination with a genetic *** magnitude of the risk of CRC in IBD remains a continuing subject of *** early,high risk estimates for CRC in IBD were most likely overestimated due to selected patient populations originating from tertiary referral centers with a disproportional high percentage of patients with severe *** population-based studies calculating risk estimates from a broad spectrum of IBD patients have found the risk to be significantly *** present,there is evidence that IBD patients with longstanding and extensive disease with uncontrolled inflammation are those at increased ***,other recognized risk factors include early age at onset,family history of CRC,and concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis.A significant amount of effort is put into identifying potential preventive factors of CRC in IBD,including surveillance programs and chemopreventive agents but the individual effect of these remains ***,recent studies have reported a decline in risk of CRC over *** programs and the new treatment strategies,particular biological treatment might be part of the reason for the observed decline in risk of CRC in IBD over time but future studies will have investigate this assumption.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Colorectal cancer Risk Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease

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Risk of infections associated with biological treatment in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16014-16019页

作者： Nynne Nyboe andersen Tine Jess Department of Epidemiology Research Statens Serum InstitutDK-2300 CopenhagenDenmark

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors are biological agents introduced in the late 1990s for the treatment of different immune-mediated diseases as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. The most commonly used TNF-α antagonists are infliximab, adalimumab, and certolizumab pegol, and though highly effective in lowering inflammation, the efficacy must be weighed against the potential for adverse events. The treatment-induced immunosuppression is suspected to increase the risk of infections, including the risk of reactivation of latent tuberculosis, as the TNF-α cytokine plays an important role in the immune function. In this topic highlight a short overview of the infection risk associated with TNF-α inhibiter therapy is outlined with a focus on the overall risk of serious infections, mycobacterial infection and latent viral infections.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Biological treatment Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors Risk Infections Ulcerative colitis Crohn’ s disease

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