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Measurement of Radon Concentration and Estimation of Cancer Risk in Twenty-Four Model Houses in the Town of Koudougou

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Open Journal of Applied sciences 2024年第1期14卷 193-204页

作者： Moumouni Derra Luc Telado bambara Karim Kaboré Yalgado Zakaria sawadogo Ousmane cissé François Zougmoré Physics Department University Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Physics and Chemical Department Institute of Sciences and Technology “Ecole Normale Supérieure” Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Physics Department Virtual University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Materials and Environment University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The objective of our study is to evaluate the concentration of radon (86Rn) inside houses in the town of Koudougou in order to estimate its impact on the health of the population. Indeed, when uranium-rich minerals ar... 详细信息

The objective of our study is to evaluate the concentration of radon (sup>86sup>Rn) inside houses in the town of Koudougou in order to estimate its impact on the health of the population. Indeed, when uranium-rich minerals are found near the surface of the ground, radon concentrations can reach tens of becquerels per cubic meter in enclosed spaces. Given the nature of the geological base of Burkina Faso, this situation is quite probable and certain places that are sometimes poorly ventilated (house, school, office, etc.) can have radon levels high enough to constitute a health problem for occupants. Thus, twenty-four (24) sample houses were identified. In each house, the Corentium digital detector was between 0.8 m and 2 m for at least one week in a place where the occupants estimate that they spend more time of time and measure the concentration of radon in the long term and short term. The recorded data allowed us to determine the Absorbed Dose and the Annual Effective Dose of radon gas for each house in order to estimate the Risk of Cancer and the probable number of Cases of Lung Cancer per million inhabitants. Thus, the results indicate that the long-term radon concentration varies between 6 Bq/msup>3sup> and 285 Bq/msup>3sup> respectively in houses 11 and 4 compared to 1 Bq/msup>3sup> to 208 Bq/msup>3sup> in the short term in the same houses. Also, in the long term, in control houses 1, 3 and 4, the radon level is above the recommended threshold interval. For the short term, these are houses 1, 3, 4 and 17 respectively with 110 Bq/msup>3sup>, 142 Bq/msup>3sup>, 208 Bq/msup>3sup> and 105 Bq/msup>3sup>. As for the long-term and short-term effective doses, only houses 1, 3, 4, 17 and 24 have values between 3 - 10 sv/year. The estimation of the relative risk of lung cancer gives values relatively close to unity and between 1.006 and 1.142 with an average of 1.035 and that of the number of Lung Cancer Cases per million inhabitants gives va

关键词： Radon Absorbed Dose Annual Effective Dose Cancer Risk

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Morbidity and Mortality Related to Infectious Diseases in the Roi Boudouin Paediatric Ward in senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 727-737页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Aliou Abdoulaye ndongo Djeneba Fafa cissé sidy Lamine Mbaye Jean baptiste niokhor Diouf Fatou Ly Pediatrics Ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Sngal Pediatrics Ward of Roi Boudouin Hospital Dakar Sngal

Introduction: Infant and child morbidity and mortality linked to infections remain a major concern in both developed and developing countries. The general objective was to determine the characteristics of hospital morbidity and mortality linked to infectious pathologies in the pediatric department of the King baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study focusing on children hospitalized from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 in the pediatric department of the King baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Results: During the study period, 1474 children were hospitalized for an infectious pathology in the pediatric department. The sex ratio was 1.48. Children aged between one and twelve months represented 34.12%. Morbidity due to respiratory and digestive infections was 42.33% and 33.45%, respectively. Pediatric hospital mortality was 0.75% with a predominance noted in infants between 1 and 12 months (55.86%). Respiratory, digestive infections, sepsis and neurological infections were the main causes of death. Factors associated with mortality were age (1 to 12 months) with p Conclusion: Reducing infant and child mortality linked to infectious diseases remains a crucial challenge to address for improving children’s health. Early detection of related signs, prevention of infections, and adequate care and monitoring of infants and children can contribute to this reduction.

关键词： Morbidity Mortality Infections Children

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Management of Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML) Treated with Intensive Chemotherapy: Experience in a single Centre

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 401-411页

作者： Abdoul Karim Doumbia Hawa Konaré Tati simaga Pierre Togo Oumoulkairi nana Kouma Hawa Gouro Diall Oumar Coulibaly Adama Dembélé Mohamed Elmouloud cissé Karamoko sacko Belco Maiga Aminata Doumbia Kalirou Traoré Ibrahima cissé Boury Traoré Abdoul Aziz Diakité Fousseyni Traoré Boubacar Togo Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: Acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) is a haematological malignancy with a poor prognosis, despite significant therapeutic progress. This study presents the results of AML management in Mali according to GFAOP recommendations. Methodology: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study. It included patients aged 0 - 15 years treated in the paediatric oncology unit for AML and followed up between January 2016 and December 2020. Results: During the study period, 85 cases of acute leukaemia were diagnosed in the paediatric oncology unit (including 51 cases of ALL), of which 34 cases of AML were included in this study. The majority were boys (59%). The mean age was 8 years, with extremes of 18 months and 15 years. The mean time to diagnosis was 68 days. In 79% of cases, patients were referred by 1st or 2nd level hospitals. Anaemia was observed in 91% of cases, an infectious syndrome in 68%, haemorrhage in 56% and a tumour syndrome in 85%. The haemogram showed hyperleukocytosis in 15% of cases, thrombocytosis in 22% and severe anaemia in 73%. Death occurred in 85% of cases, most often in the context of sepsis or haemorrhage. Conclusion: AML is probably underestimated in Mali and diagnosis delayed, which may be explained by patient-related factors (lack of knowledge, financial constraints) and a cumbersome referral system. These results suggest the need to implement an appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategy, with strong involvement of the political authorities.

关键词： Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia Children Mali

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sweetener and Flavor Enhancer Food Additives in Industrial Food Products Marketed in Dakar: Frequency and Diversity

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Open Journal of Applied sciences 2024年第1期14卷 101-117页

作者： Alé Kane Alioune sow ndèye Adiara ndiaye Coumba Gueye sagna Papa Amadou Diakhaté Mady cissé Amadou Diop Laboratoire des sciences Biologiques Agronomiques Alimentaires et de Modélisation des Systèmes Complexes (LABAAM) Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal Département des Technologies Agroalimentaires|UFR des sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (S2ATA) Saint-Louis Senegal Ecole supérieure Polytechnique (EsP) Dakar Senegal Laboratoire de chimie analytique et bromatologie UCAD Dakar Senegal

sweeteners and flavor enhancers are food additives widely used in industry, respectively, to add sweetness and flavor to foods. However, the presence of these substances is often criticized by consumers for their effects on health. What’s more, some scientific studies link these substances to certain pathologies. To guarantee food safety, competent authorities should have food standards based on risk analysis using consistent, reliable data. However, in developing countries, such data is often weak or non-existent. The aim of this study is therefore to carry out a pilot survey to establish the profile of sweeteners and flavour enhancers present in industrial food products marketed in senegal. The methodology consisted of sampling various food products sold on the senegalese market, based on analysis of labels containing information on ingredients, including additives. The investigation involved nine stores, one supermarket and 5 mini-markets in Dakar. The results showed the presence of 6 taste enhancers in food products, the most frequent being sodium L-monoglutamate (E621), inosinate (E631) and disodium guanylate (E627). solid broths are the foodstuffs with the highest number of taste exhalters. As for sweeteners, 12 substances were identified, the most frequent being acesulfame potassium (E950), aspartame (E951), sucralose (E955) and saccharin (E954). Given the potential health risks associated with the consumption of these food additives, their control and monitoring on the market should be a priority for the competent authorities.

关键词： Exhalter sugar Acesulfame Potassium sodium Monoglutame Artificial Health Risk

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Consumers’ Perception and Knowledge of Food Additives in senegal: A Pilot study

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Open Journal of Applied sciences 2024年第1期14卷 38-50页

作者： Alé Kane Hamidou Mbodji Papa Mamadou Dit Doudou sylla Alioune sow Abdoulaye Tamba Malick Mbengue Mady cissé Laboratory of Biological Agronomic and Food Sciences and Complex Systems Modelling (LABAAM) University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Agronomic sciences Aquaculture and Food Technology (UFR S2ATA) UGB Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Food safety has become a major concern for consumers, as well as a priority for regulatory authorities. Faced with the growing industrial and domestic use of food additives, many questions are being asked and concerns are being felt by consumers around the world. Consumer perception defines the acceptability or rejection of food products, and has an impact on consumption patterns and behavior. To assess the level of knowledge and perception of food additives, a pilot study was carried out on a sample of 200 people in Dakar and saint-Louis. A questionnaire was used to assess the acceptance or rejection, use and impact of food additives by consumers in senegal. The results revealed several aspects. On the whole, the people surveyed expressed great mistrust and even rejection of these substances added to food products. This consumer perception is shared throughout the world, as indicated in numerous surveys. It also emerges from this study that, although most consumers are aware of the existence of these additives and their uses in the home, they feel that the use of these substances in industrial production is too excessive. What’s more, consumers associate food additives with numerous pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, stroke and even sexual impotence. For some of these indexed pathologies, scientific studies have reached the same conclusions, although controversy still persists. On the other hand, for some of the other adverse effects mentioned, no cause-and-effect relationship has been scientifically demonstrated. In these latter cases, it seems that negative communication, misinformation and misconceptions have a major influence on consumer perception of food additives.

关键词： Consumer survey Food Additives Knowledge Perception senegal

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Diabetes among City Hall Workers, Bohicon, Benin

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 366-377页

作者： Adjobimey Mênonli Djohoun Frimège Mama cissé Ibrahim Mikponhoué Rose Gounongbé Fabien Ayélo Paul Hinson Vikkey Antoine Unité de Recherche et d&#8217Enseignement en Sant&#233 au Travail et Environnement FSS Cotonou Cotonou Benin service de santé au Travail du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire de Pneumo-Phtisiologie de Cotonou Cotonou Benin Laboratoire d’ Epid&#233miologie des Maladies Chroniques et Neurologiques FSS Cotonou Benin Ecole de Mé decine Universit&#233 de Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Living and working conditions are increasingly conducive to a sedentary lifestyle. Many administrative workers are exposed daily to long hours of work in a prolonged sitting position, which can favour the onset of diabetes. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with diabetes among workers at a town hall in Benin in 2019. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2018 to January 2019. Exhaustive recruitment was carried out. Data were collected during a face-to-face interview, using a standardized questionnaire including socio-professional factors, behavioral factors, anthropometric measurements, and blood glucose. Frequencies were calculated. Frequencies were compared using the chi-square and Fisher tests. The significance threshold was 5%. Results: A total of 85 workers were included. Their mean age was 41.55 ± 9.82 years, with a sex ratio of 6.1. = The prevalence of diabetes was estimated at 8.2% [95% CI: 3.38 - 16.23%] and 3 of the workers knew they had diabetes. A family history of diabetes was associated with diabetes (p = 0.032). Occupationally, 10.77% of permanent employees had diabetes, compared with 0.0% of non-permanent employees;12.50% of employees with at least 10 years’ seniority had diabetes, compared with 7.25% of those with less seniority;19.05% of employees who spent at least 6 hours a day sitting at work had diabetes, compared with 4.69% of those who spent less time sitting. Conclusion: Preventing chronic disease in the workplace is part of promoting workers’ health, and must take into account occupational factors such as prolonged sitting.

关键词： Diabetes Prolonged sitting Workers-Benin

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Phytochemical screening and Assays of Phenolic Compounds in senna occidentalis L. Leaf and seed Extracts

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Food and nutrition sciences 2024年第7期15卷 499-508页

作者： Edmond Antoine badock Lahat niang Abdoulaye Dramé Célestine nkounkou-Loumpangou Omar Touré Omar sokhna nicolas Cyrille Ayessou Mady cissé Ecole suprieure Polytechnique Laboratoire Eau Energie Environnement et Procds Industriels (LE3PI) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal Ecole suprieure Polytechnique Centre dEtudes sur la Scurit Alimentaire et les Molcules Fonctionnelles (CESAM-RESCIF) Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal Laboratoire de Valorisation des Produits de la Biomasse Dpartement de Chimie Universit Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar Dakar Sngal Unit de Chimie du Vgtal et de la Vie Facult des Sciences et Techniques Universit Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bio-Organique Dpartement de Chimie Facult des Sciences et Techniques/UCAD Universit Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sngal

Phytochemical screening and assay of secondary metabolites, crude extracts with distilled water, aqueous methanol, aqueous acetone and aqueous ethanol of leaves and seeds of senna occidentalis L. were studied in this work. The aim was to verify the distribution of secondary metabolites according to s. occidentalis organs. Four leaf samples from four different localities (south, East, West and Central senegal) and a mixed sample of seeds were used. Functional molecules such as polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins were then assessed in the leaves and seeds using various standard methods. The results show that senna occidentalis L. leaf and seed samples display an identical and homogeneous profile, regardless of locality. They contain secondary metabolites and the polyphenol content of extracts from southern, eastern, western and central leaves is: 0.620 - 0.539 - 0.811 - 0.573 g GAE/100 g DM;flavonoids: 0.064 - 0.074 - 0.130 - 0.101 g CE/100 g DM and tannins: 0.326 - 0.264 - 0.269 - 0.494 g TAE/100 g DM. The efficacy of s. occidentalis L. infusions in therapy is thus justified by the presence of these metabolites, whose biological properties are well known. It is then possible to explore isolation of active principles of senna occidentalis L. leaves and even seeds for producing medicines.

关键词： senna occidentalis L. Total Polyphenols Flavonoids Tannins

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Chronic Low back Pain in the Mining sector in Burkina Faso

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第3期12卷 211-224页

作者： Marthe sandrine sanon Lompo Gaston Kaboré Jules Owona Manga Issa Traoré Ibrahim Mama cissé Marius Kédoté Ahmed Kaboré nicolas Méda Dpartement de sant Publique Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant Universit Joseph Ki Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Oudraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Facult des sciences de la sant Universit de Yaound Yaound Camroun Institut suprieur des sciences de la sant Universit Nazi BONI Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso Facult de Mdecine Universit de Parakou Parakou Bnin Centre Rgional de Formation en sant Publique Ouidah Benin

Introduction: Low back pain is nowadays a real public health problem in companies. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with chronic low back pain among workers of a mining company in Burkina Faso. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with a retrospective collection that took place from August 1, 2021 to March 16, 2022 in a gold mine in Burkina Faso. It focused on mine workers who participated in the 2019 annual medical visit. Results: Out of a total workforce of 880 workers who took part in the annual medical visit in 2019, 165 had chronic common low back pain, i.e. a prevalence of 18.75%. The average age of low back pain workers was 37.21 ± 7.5 years. Among the workers suffering from low back pain, 62 (37.58%) held the position of machine operator. Clinically, mechanical pain was found in 113 low back pain workers (76%) and twenty-nine (17.58%) had radicular pain. standard radiography of the lumbar spine was abnormal in 129 workers (78.18%. In the univariate analysis, the factors associated with the pathology were sex, level of study, work station and seniority in the position. After a logistic regression, the factors associated with its occurrence were whole-body vibration (Fisher’s test = 12.7541;P = 0.000), male sex (Fisher’s test = 8.363;P = 0.004), and seniority for 4 to 5 years (Chi2 = 4.0234;p = 0.046). Conclusion: The study reveals the existence of chronic low back pain cases among the workers of the mining company. There is a predominance of the pathology in men, workers exposed to vibrations and those with a seniority of 4 to 5 years. It is necessary to establish a policy of prevention of low back pain for the benefit of workers, in particular those exposed to vibrations.

关键词： Chronic Low back Pain Prevalence Associated Factors Mine Burkina Faso

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Evaluation of Antibiotic Prescribing in the Pediatric Department of Gabriel TouréTeaching Hospital, bamako, Mali

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 645-656页

作者： Pierre Togo Hawa Konaré Mariam Maïga Karamoko sacko Djénéba Konaté Abdoul Karim Doumbia Adama Dembélé Oumar Coulibaly Aminata sangaré Mohamed Elmouloud cissé Fousseyni Traoré Belco Maïga Ibrahim Ahamadou Aminata Doumbia Lala n’Drany sidibé Amadou Touré Yacouba Aba Coulibaly Kalirou Traoré Tati simaga souleymane sagara Leyla bagna Maïga Bory Traoré Abdoul Aziz Diakité Fatoumata Dicko Mariam sylla sounkalo Dao Boubacar Togo Paediatric Department Gabriel Tour&#233 Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Pediatric Department Distric VI Reference Health Center Bamako Mali Infectious Diseases Department Point G Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali

Objectives: The main objective was to evaluate antibiotic prescribing in the Department of Pediatrics at Gabriel Touré teaching hospital. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from september 1 to november 31, 2018, in the Department of Pediatrics at Gabriel Touré teaching hospital. All children aged 0 to 15 years hospitalized for any pathology during the study period and having received at least one antibiotic had been included. Results: We collected 445 children’s records out of 1032 admissions during the study period, representing a hospital frequency of 43.1%. The sex ratio was 1.3%. The 2 - 5 age group accounted for 48.1%. Fever was the reason for consultation in 45.6% of cases. Patients’ general condition was altered in 60% of cases. The fathers were blue-collar workers in 65.4% and the mothers housewives in 85%, and had no education in 42.9% and 64.5% respectively. Hepatomegaly was present in 18.2%, splenomegaly in 9.6% and peripheral adenopathy in 3.1%. The site of infection was pulmonary in 37.6% and EnT in 9.2%. bacterial infection was assumed on admission in 54% of cases, and meningitis in 57.7%. The discharge diagnosis was malaria in 54.6%, severe acute malnutrition in 18.6% and meningitis in 6.7%. The death rate was 3.8%. neutrophilic leukocytosis was present in 47.3% of patients. CRP was positive in 85% of patients. Blood cultures taken in 27.6% of patients were positive in 5. CsF analysis in 30% of patients showed elevated leukocytes in 6.5%. no cultures were positive. Antibiotic prescription was justified by infectious hypotheses in 43.1% of patients. β-lactam antibiotics were prescribed in 98.6%. Antibiotic therapy was not adapted to national/international recommendations in 68.3% of cases, and was not justified in 16.3% of cases on D5 of hospitalization. Conclusion: Antibiotic use was justified in more than half of patients, but remained inadequate in almost two-thirds of cases, in line with national and international recommend

关键词： Antibiotic Prescription Hospitalization Child

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Ethnobotanical and Phytochemical study of Medicinal Plants sold in the Markets of the City of n’Djamena

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2024年第4期14卷 121-144页

作者： Djibrine Adoum Oumar Teissir Ibrahim Abakar Hama cissé salomon Madjitoloum Betoloum Adama sawadogo Jean-Ulrich Muandze nzambe Elisée Mbayngone Abdelsalam Tidjani Aly savadogo natural substances Research Laboratory (nsRL) Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences (FEAS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LABI) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Food science and nutrition Research Laboratory (FsnRL) Faculty of Human Health Sciences (FHHS) University of NDjamena Chad Tchad

The use of medicinal plants occupies an important place in traditional Chadian medicine, this study was carried out with the aim of listing the medicinal plants sold in the markets of the city of n’Djamena, and knowledge of the medicinal flora Chad, such as the leaves of Guiera senegalensis in Arabic called Khibeche, the roots of Cassia occidentalis called Am kwala-Kinkéliba in Arabic;the bark of Khaya senegalensis (Desv) A. Juss called Muraї in Arabic and the seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum called Helbé in Arabic in order to treat the most frequently cited diseases such as malaria, the common cold, mother and newborn care, and typhoid. Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted from september to December 2022, in three markets in the city of n’Djamena, based on individual interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire, with 30 herbalists and traditional practitioners. Phytochemical screening analyses of the organs of four plants were carried out in the chemistry and biology laboratory of the Faculty of Exact and Applied sciences (FsEA) following a standard protocol established by [1] and slightly modified by [2] [3]. The results of the surveys identified 68 species divided into fifty-five (55) genera and twenty-seven (27) families, the most represented of which were Caesalpiniaceae (10 species), Mimosaceae (5 species) and Combretaceae (4 species). The leaves were the most commonly used parts (43%), with decoction (70%) the most frequently used method of preparation. The oral route was the most popular with 73% of recipes. The phytochemical study revealed a wealth of secondary metabolites such as Trapezoidal sterols, Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Free Quinones, Anthocyane, Anthraquinones, saponosides and Heterosides. These results can be considered as a source of information for scientific research in the field of phytochemistry and pharmacology.

关键词： Chad (n’Djamena) Medicinal Plants Ethnobotany screening Phytochemistry

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