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level of Exposure of Populations to Atmospheric Pollution in southern Benin

Open journal of Air Pollution 2023年第4期12卷 160-181页

作者： sèdami codjo joël dossou-gbete Dominique Kpadonou Gbaguidi Magloire Acakpo Nonvignon Vitalique Elegbede Alassane Youssao Abdou Karim Kpessou Virtus Mickael saizonou Firmin léonce Dovonon Doctoral school of Exact and Applied sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Applied Chemistry study and Research laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes (GC-P) Ecotoxicology and Quality Study Research Unit Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

This study focuses on monitoring the exposure of populations in south Benin to atmospheric pollution. Thirteen (13) monitoring points were identified where the Air quality measurements were taken using autonomous electronic devices called “Air Quality Monitor”. Calibrated and turned on, the measuring device automatically determines the concentrations of carbon dioxide COsub>2sub>, Total Organic Compounds, methanal (HCHO), particulate matter PMsub>2.5sub> and PMsub>10sub>, temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and relative humidity (RH). Per site, air pollution levels are recorded for 5 minutes every 30 minutes from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. After the analyses, it appears that the carbon dioxide COsub>2sub> contents vary from 400 to 1444 ppm with an average of 486.80 ± 184.3 ppm, the daily contents of Total Volatile Organic Compounds from 0.01 to 6 .91 mg/msup>3sup> with a daily average of 0.36 ± 0.65 mg/msup>3sup>, aldehydes from 0.005 to 3 mg/msup>3sup> with an average of 0.05 ± 0.17 mg/msup>3sup>, for particulate matter of diameters less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PMsub>2.5sub>) pollution levels vary between 5 and 173.8 μg/msup>3sup> with an average of 21.5 ± 17.62 μg/msup>3sup>. On the other hand, for PMsub>10sub>, the contents vary from 5 to 449.6 μg/msup>3sup> with an average of 28.17 ± 31.74 μg/msup>3sup>, the Air Quality Index (AQI) varies from 0, 3 to 243 with an average of 39 ± 33.16. From the results observed, it appears that the south-western part of south Benin is heavily polluted by COsub>2sub>, Total Volatile Organic Compounds, PMsub>10sub> and especially PMsub>2.5sub> with the city of Cotonou at its head, in particular the Red star crossroads, the Toyota crossroads and the crossroads after the friendship stadium. The impacts of this pollution could be significant on sensitive people such as the elderly, newborns and patients with acute and chronic respiratory illnesses.

关键词： Ambient Air Quality southern Benin Cotonou Atmospheric Pollution

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Distribution of Atmospheric Pollution in southern Benin

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Open journal of Air Pollution 2024年第1期13卷 23-55页

作者： dossou-gbete sèdami codjo joël Kpadonou Dominique Gbaguidi An Magloire Elegbede Vitalique saizonou Kpèssou Virtus Mickael Youssao Abdou Karim Alassane Dovonon Firmin léonce Vodounnon Armand Doctoral school of Exact and Applied sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Ecotoxicology and Quality study Research Unit Applied Chemistry Study and Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes (GC-P) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Africa synergy Group Plus Cotonou Benin

This study focuses on air quality in southern Benin in order to show public authorities what the Beninese populations are exposed to for efficient decision-making. Two sampling campaigns were carried out, one in the wet period and the other in the dry season. The measurements were taken using a monitor called an “Air Quality Monitor”. For data processing, the multiple comparison methods of Dun (1961) and the Wilcoxon test were used. To maintain legitimacy, all spatial data were included in the official cartographic repository of Benin: WGs 1984, Transverse Mercator Universe Projection (UTM), Zone 31 North. The Moran statistic was used to measure the levels of spatial autocorrelation of the variables studied and to test the significance. In order to locate the spatial subsets, the local spatial association indices of Anselin local Moran and Getis-Ord, Gi* were used. In terms of results, on the 13 monitoring sites and the 8 parameters chosen to determine air quality, we do not note any significant inter-seasonal difference. Of the eight parameters, only three parameters present spatial autocorrelation leading to predictions of ambient air quality over the entire study area based on the distance separating the points, namely, PMsub>2.5sub>, PMsub>10sub> and ambient air quality index (AQI). The localities affected by atmospheric pollution in south Benin are located in the south-western part of Benin, headed by Cotonou, which is heavily polluted by COsub>2sub>, TCOV, PMsub>10sub> and PMsub>2.5sub>.

关键词： spatial Distribution Atmospheric Pollutants southern Benin

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Factors Associated with High Blood Pressure and Diabetes Cormobidity in littoral Department of Benin, in 2023

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Open journal of Internal Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 188-212页

作者： Rodrigue sèmèvo Kakpo Zannou Georgia Barikissou damien léopold codjo Coovi Nonwanou Ignace Tokpanoude Elvire sègnon Eurydice Djossou Folabi Femi Teddy Attonde lorens sènan Zinsalo Mondoukpe Mouinatou Tao Marius Esse Badirou Aguemon Public Health Unit Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Bnin Cardiology service National Hospital and University Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga de Cotonou (CNHU-HKM) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Bnin

Introduction: The number of people suffering from diabetes and hypertension (HBP) is increasing worldwide and particularly in sub-saharan Africa, despite the fact that they are preventable. The aim of our study is to determine the factors associated with hypertension and diabetes comorbidity in the Department of littoral in 2023. study setting and Methods: Our study took place in the Department of littoral in Benin. It was a cross-sectional general population study conducted over a three-month period from April 10 to July 10, 2023. It included subjects aged 18 and over with or without a history of hypertension and/or diabetes. The sampling method was probabilistic and the technique used was a WHO three-stage cluster survey. The dependent variable is comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with hypertension-diabetes comorbidity. Results: The study population was predominantly female (59.9%). The mean age was 44 ± 17. A total of 48 (8.8%) of the subjects in the study suffered from both diabetes and hypertension. Factors associated with comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes were age ≥ 50 years (OR: 5.48;95% CI: 2.69 - 12.20;p = 0.001);male sex (OR: 2.98;95% CI: 1.39 - 6.46;p = 0.005);too much salt or salty sauce consumed (OR: 6.06;95% CI: 1.56 - 22.20;p = 0.034);abdominal obesity (OR: 6.12;95% CI: 2.79 - 14.3;p = 0.001). Conclusion: Hypertension and diabetes are emerging as major public health problems in Benin. The main associated factors were age, gender, the amount of salt or salty sauce consumed and abdominal obesity. A response is urgently needed to act on the factors identified in order to avoid possible complications and an increase in prevalence.

关键词： Comorbidity Hypertension-Diabetes Associated Factors littoral Department Benin

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long-Term Mortality of Children with Congenital Heart Disease Admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori from 2011 to 2022

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World journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 166-186页

作者： serge Hugues Mahougnon Dohou Nicolas Hamondji Amegan Ahmad Ibrahim Gérard Médétinmè Kpanidja Chabi Olaniran Alphonse Biaou Houétondji léopold codjo Cardiology Teaching and Research Unit (CHUD-B/A) Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin É cole de Sant&#233 Publique de l&#8217Universit&#233 de Montr&#233al (ESPUM) Montr&#233al Qu&#233bec Canada Paediatrics and Medical Genetics Teaching and Research Unit (CHUD-B/A) Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Cardiology Department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Background: Congenital heart disease is a public health issue due to its incidence and mortality rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term mortality of children with congenital heart disease admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUD-B/A) from 2011 to 2022. Methods: This descriptive longitudinal study with analytical aims covered 11 years (April 1, 2011 to December 31, 2022). It consisted of a review of the records of children under 15 years of age with echocardiographically confirmed congenital heart disease. This was followed by an interview with the parents to assess the children’s current condition. Data were entered using Kobocollect software and analyzed using R studio 4.2.2. software. Results: A total of 143 complete files were retained. The median age at diagnosis was 14 months (IIQ: Q1 = 4;Q3 = 60) with a range of 2 days and 175 months, and the sex-ratio (M/F) was 0.96. left-to-right shunts were the most frequent cardiopathy group (62.9%). Only 35 children (24.5%) benefited from restorative treatment. The mortality rate was 31.5%. Median survival under the maximum bias assumption was 114 months and 216 months under the assumption of minimum bias. survival was significantly better in children with right-to-left shunts (p = 0.0049) under the assumption of minimum bias. The death risk factors were: age at diagnosis less than 12 months (aHR = 7.58;95% CI = 3.36 - 17.24;p Conclusion: The long-term mortality of congenital heart disease is high and favoured by the absence of restorative treatment. local correction of congenital heart disease and medical follow-up will help to reduce this mortality.

关键词： Congenital Heart Disease long-Term Mortality Parakou Risk Factors

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A case of liver rupture in a patient with focal nodular hyperplasia at 33 weeks of gestation:A multidisciplinary management

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2022年第1期2卷 46-48页

作者： johnny El Hanna Nathalie Ismail Abdelilah Arsalane codjo Quenum Abdelouahab Moumen Dorin sacrieru Morad Kabbej Jhonny Khadra Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Grand Hopital de l’Est FrancilienMeauxFrance Department of General surgery Grand Hopital de l’Est FrancilienMeauxFrance Head of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Grand Hopital de l’Est FrancilienMeauxFrance Head of Department of General surgery Grand Hopital de l’Est FrancilienMeauxFrance

Dear editor,Focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH)is the second most common benign hepatic lesion in *** is unknown and it is often diagnosed incidentally in women of childbearing *** disease has minimal risk of malignant degeneration or rupture.1 It is often asymptomatic although it may manifest as abdominal pain or a palpable mass when the diameter exceeds 10 cm.1–3 Despite the disease’s predilection for females,there’s no evidence that female hormones alter the course of FNH;several studies conducted on pregnant patients with FNH showed no modification in tumor size.

关键词： Focal nodular hyperplasia Antenatal care Hepatic rupture liver disease

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Influence of some Plant Fibers on the Mechanical Performance of Composite Materials

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Open journal of Civil Engineering 2023年第4期13卷 814-826页

作者： serge Pierre Quenum Yvette s. Tankpinou Kiki Judicaël Koffi Agbelele Crespin Prudence Yabi Edmond codjo Adjovi laboratoire de Procédés et d’Innovation Technologique UNSTIM Abomey Benin laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire de l’Enseignement Technique UNSTIM Abomey Benin laboratoire d’Etudes et d’Essais en Génie-Civil UNSTIM Abomey Benin

This work focused on the search for biobased materials capable of being used in road techniques as soil inclusions, and on studying the influence of their incorporation on the characteristic parameters of pavement layers. To this end, pineapple, cyperus and imperata plant fibers, due to their endemic availability, were used as reinforcement on sourced materials, notably bar soil, lateritic gravel and silty sand. Complete identification and mechanical tests (Proctor and CBR) were carried out on materials in their natural state (soil) and on composite materials (soil + plant fibers) in the laboratory to determine their classification in road geotechnics, their compaction parameters and their mechanical behavior. Firstly, the various types of 2.5 cm long fibers were incorporated into the different types of soil at mass contents of 1% and 2%. This part of the study showed that the pineapple fiber composite incorporated into class A2 bar soil offered the best results, with a 38% gain in CBR index compared with the natural soil. Pineapple fibers incorporated at 1% in lateritic gravel raise the CBR value of the reinforced soil to 10% of the CBR value of the natural soil and to 7% for silty sand.

关键词： Plant Fibers soils Composite Materials Reinforcement

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Use of Additive Based on Non-Timber Forest Products for the Ecological stabilization of Raw Earth:Case of the Parkia Biglobosa Nut and Vitellaria Paradoxa

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journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第12期11卷 4143-4160页

作者： Bio Chéïssou Koto Tamou Jean-Michel Mechling Crespin Prudence Yabi Gildas EdjrossèF.Godonou Edmond codjo Adjovi Mohamed Gibigaye Andrélecomte Nicolas Brosse l2EGC-laboratory of studies and Tests in Civil Engineering University of SciencesTechnologyEngineeringand MathematicsAbomeyBenin IJl-Jean lamour Institute University of LorraineNancyFrance lEMA-laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics University of Abomey-CalaviAbomey-CalaviBenin lERMAB-study and Research laboratory on Wood Material University of LorraineNancyFrance

The housing sector today uses elaborate materials such as cement,iron,sand,often prohibitively expensive and whose production generates a strong environmental impact(scarcity of resources,transport,greenhouse gas greenhouse,etc.).In order to meet the challenges of sustainable development,earth construction is experiencing a resurgence of interest these *** its many advantages,raw earth material has drawbacks,in particular its low mechanical resistance and its loss of geometric characteristics in the face of water,which slow down its *** part of this study,the mechanical characteristics and durability of raw earth were improved by using residual water from the processing of Parkia Biglobosa(nere)and Vitellaria Paradoxa(shea)nuts in order to optimize its use for the construction of modern *** this end,the decoctions resulting from the artisanal transformation of the nut of the Parkia Biglobosa into African mustard and of the Vitellaria Paradoxa into shea butter were added to the raw earth according to volume proportions of 25%,50%,75%and 100%of the aqueous solution to obtain the projected ***,mechanical characterization and durability tests were carried out on the composites *** results revealed that the decoctions of Vitellaria Paradoxa and Parkia Biglobosa improve the compressive strength of the material by up to 90%and 260%,***,these decoctions improved the resistance to water penetration of the 100%additive composite by 1.5 times for Vitellaria Paradoxa and 5 times for Parkia *** study shows that it is possible to use decoctions as raw earth stabilizers to build modern,ecological buildings at lower energy ***,more in-depth studies on surface wettability and long-term durability are planned to better characterize the geomaterial.

关键词： Raw earth organic additive adobe Vitellaria Paradoxa Parkia Biglobosa durability

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Are multidisciplinary consultation meetings for prenatal diagnosis achievable in a low-income country? A descriptive cross-sectional survey in Benin

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World journal of Pediatric surgery 2023年第4期6卷 270-275页

作者： Monsoia Gildas Yassegoungbe Beaudelaire Romulus Assan Amoussou sedjro Clotaire Romeo Houegban codjo serge Metchihoungbe Jean-Francois lecompte Christine Tschabu Aguemon sidoine Bitho gbetey Jean Breaud Antoine seraphin Gbenou Pediatric surgery Department Mother and Child Teaching Hospital LaguneUniversity of Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Pediatric surgery Department National Teaching Hospital Hubert Koutoukou MagaUniversity of Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Pediatric surgery Department CHU-LENVAL Paediatric Hospitals of NiceNiceFrance University Clinic of Gynecological Obstetrics National Teaching Hospital Hubert Koutoukou MagaUniversity of Abomey-CalaviCotonouBenin Intellectual Production Department Center of Expertise in Applied Social SciencesCotonouBenin

Objective The multidisciplinary antenatal diagnosis staff bring together practitioners who are involved in the management of the antenatal period at *** project was designed following the French experience to institute multidisciplinary consultation meetings for prenatal diagnosis(MCMPD)in *** This is a descriptive cross-sectional study examining the knowledge,attitudes,and practices of Beninese practitioners in the field of MCMPD to develop the pilot phase of the *** We collected 108 participants from different *** and pediatric surgeons were in the majority at 23.9% and 16.5%,***-seven percent of participants were from the public sector(n=75).One practitioner felt that it was not a good idea to implement these *** all staff(96.2%)agreed that this meeting would have a positive impact on reducing neonatal ***(58.5%),spina bifida aperta(43.6%),and gastroschisis(34%)were the most commonly diagnosed antenatal conditions in *** neonatal pathology required medical termination of the pregnancy according to 35.6% of the *** The objective of reducing infant mortality due to medical and surgical pathologies is a noble one and deserves to be *** innovative project,developed through this study,the first of its kind in the subregion,will contribute inexorably to the achievement of the third Goal sustainable Development.

关键词： diagnosis sectional income

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Experimental Analysis of Hydraulic Conductivity for saturated Granular soils

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Geomaterials 2023年第3期13卷 71-90页

作者： Ahlinhan Marx Ferdinand Djenou B. Dorothée Adjovi Edmond codjo laboratory of study and Test in Civil Engineering (l2EGC) National High School of Public Works (ENSTP) National University of Sciences Technologies Engineering and Mathematics (UNSTIM) Abomey Republic of Benin

Hydraulic conductivity is the ability of a porous media to transfer water through its pore matrix. That is a key parameter for the design and analysis of soil fluid associated structures and issues. This paper presents the test results of the vertical hydraulic conductivity ksub>vsub>sub> sub>carried out on one poorly graded sand and three gap graded gravely sand. It was found that the vertical hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil depends on the grain size distribution curve, on the initial relative density of the soil. Compilation of these current test results and other test results published, shows that the common approaches predict well to some extent the vertical hydraulic conductivity ksub>vsub> for the poorly graded sand materials and underestimate the ksub>vsub> values for gap graded gravely sand materials. Therefore, new approaches are developed for the prediction of the vertical hydraulic conductivity in saturated poorly graded sand and gap graded gravely sand. The derived results from the new approaches lie in the range of the recommended values by (EAU 2012) and (NAVFAC DM 7 1974).

关键词： Permeability Hydraulic Conductivity Tests saturated Granular soils Prediction Approaches

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Outcomes of Patients with Heart Failure followed in a Cardiological setting to Parakou from 2016 to 2020

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World journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2022年第11期12卷 490-506页

作者： codjo Houétondji léopold Dohou serge Hugues Mahougnon Biaou Chabi Olaniran Alphonse s.T.G. Mawuton Bokossa Covalic Melic Amegan Hamondji Nicolas Houenassi Martin Dèdonougbo Cardiology Teaching and Research Unit Health Sciences Faculty University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Cardiology Teaching and Research Unit Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Ouidah Benin Doctoral school of Health sciences Health Sciences Faculty University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) is a serious pathology whose evolution is made of episodes of acute decompensation, rhythmic and thromboembolic complications, causes of iterative hospitalizations and death. The objective of this study was to describe the outcomes of patients followed for heart failure in a cardiological setting in Parakou from 2016 to 2020. Methods: This was a longitudinal, descriptive and analytical retrospective study of heart failure patients followed in consultation and/or hospitalization over a period of 5 years (October 2016 to July 2020) in cardiology units of Parakou. The outcome of HF was assessed by the NYHA symptomatic stage, rehospitalization, complications and death. Epidata 3.1 fr and sPss 21 software were used for data processing and analysis. Results: Of the 4902 cardiovascular admissions, 453 cases of HF (9.24%) were observed. At the onset of care, 51.50% of patients were at NYHA stage IV and 69.46% had left ventricular systolic dysfunction. During the follow-up period, there was a symptomatic improvement in the first 06 months but at one year of follow-up, 45.28% of the subjects were seen with a deteriorated stage. At one year of follow-up, the rehospitalization rate was 23.58%. The complications noted were arrhythmias in 8.32% of cases. The mortality rate was 30.37%. Advanced age > 60 years, Charlson score ≥ 3, hypokalemia and poor adherence to treatment were the factors associated with unfavorable outcomes. Conclusion: HF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This highlights the importance of its prevention, its better etiological research and patient’s therapeutic education.

关键词： Heart Failure Outcomes Mortality Associated Factors Parakou

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