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Anaemia in Pregnancy in an African setting after Preventive Measures

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第1期9卷 10-20页

作者： I. Ouedraogo H. Zamané A. Y. sawadogo s. Kiemtoré D. P. Kain A. Ouattara T. P. sawadogo A. Ouedraogo B. Tieba/Bonané Regional Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouédraogo University Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy is a public health issue in developing countries because of its high prevalence and its maternal and perinatal bad outcomes. It affects 24.8% of the world population and 67.6% of the population in sub-saharan Africa. In Burkina Faso, anaemia prevalence is estimated at 68.3%. In Burkina, preventive measures for anaemia in pregnancy have been implemented by the ministry of health to reduce its burden. This study aimed to assess the epidemiological, clinical and the outcomes of anaemia in pregnant women at OUAHIGOUYA REGIONAL HOsPITAL. Findings will be used to strengthen the preventives measures for anaemia in pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted during a four-month period from October, 28th, 2014 to February, 28th, 2015. pregnant women with haemoglobin level below 11 g/dL was considered anaemic according to WHO criteria, and who are willing to participate and who were admitted at the obstetrics and Gynecology department of the REGIONAL HOsPITAL of OUAHIGOUYA. Results: Four hundred eighty three pregnant women were anaemic out of eight hundred eighty three women hospitalized. The prevalence of maternal anaemia was 54.7% with significant monthly variations. The mean age was 24.7 ± 6.6 years. The women without non-salary occupation (housewives and pupils) represented 90.1%. A past medical history of haemoglobin defects (6.6%), twin pregnancies (6.0%), malaria (23.6%) bleeding during pregnancy (20.3%) were the most frequent. Monitoring the pregnancy was effective in 91.1% of women. The mean haemoglobin level was 8.8 ± 2.1 g/dL. The outcome was marked with 1.7% and 18.9% maternal and perinatal death respectively. The most common contributory factors were: Occupational status, number of prenatal visits, length of treatment with iron and folic acid, history of malaria, history of haemorrhage and brachial perimeter low (p 0.05). Conclusion: Maternal anaemia is a major health issue at the OUAHIGOUY

关键词： Anaemia Pregnancy Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes

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Peak Particle Velocity Predicting Equation Associated with the Propagation of Vibrations Induced by Blasting in a Mine and Impacts on the Physical Degradation of Houses: The Case of the Yaramoko Mine, Bagassi, Burkina Faso

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第6期12卷 316-333页

作者： Richard Zoundi Antoine Béré Joel Martial Balkoulga Philibert sawadogo Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de lEnvironnement (LPCE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Yaramoko Mine Roxgold Sanu Bagassi Burkina Faso

This study utilizes empirical equations to describe the propagation of vibrations induced by blasting, with the goal of predicting the attenuation of Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) at the Yaramoko mine in Bagassi, Burkina Faso, a site characterized by granitoid rock. Four empirical PPV prediction equations were employed, so-called Duvall & Fogelson (or the United states Bureau of Mines “UsBM”), Langefors and Kihlstrom, Ambressys-Hendron, and the Bureau of Indian standard. The constant parameters for each of these equations, referred to as site constants, were derived from linear regression curves. The results show that the site constants k, a, and b of 4762, 0.869, and 1.737, respectively, derived from the general prediction equation by Davies, PPV = kQaD−b, based on Duvall & Fogelson, are in good agreement with values of 4690, 0.9, and 1.69, respectively, for similar rock types in spain. Regarding the impacts of blasting on houses, the findings indicate that houses built from laterite-block bricks in the village of Bagassi are the most vulnerable to vibration waves, followed by those constructed with cinder-block bricks. In contrast, houses made of banco bricks are the most resilient. Additionally, it was determined that during blasting operations, adjusting the blasting parameters to ensure the PPV does not exceed 2 mm/s at the level of nearby dwellings can minimize the appearance of cracks in houses.

关键词： Peak Particle Velocity Blasting Propagation of Blasting Vibrations Cracks on Houses PPV Equation

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Hygienic Quality and Nutritional Value of Attiékéfrom Local and Imported Cassava Dough Produced with Different Traditional starters in Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2016年第7期7卷 555-565页

作者： Guira Flibert Kabore Donatien sawadogo-Lingani Hagrétou savadogo Aly Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry and Immunology (LabIA) Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouaga Burkina Faso Laboratory of Microbiology Food Technology Department IRSAT/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Attiéké is an essentially flavour starchy food produced from fermented cassava root. The product is widely consumed in Burkina Faso. The objective of the present study was to investigate the biochemical and the microbiological characteristics of attiéké from Burkina Faso. The samples (36) were collected from six (6) producers. Cassava dough which is used for attiéké production contains from 70.67% ± 0.25% to 86.02% ± 0.2% as starch. The undesirable organic elements rate is about 1.28% ± 0.14% to 26.46% ± 0.53%. The inorganic impurities rate is about 0 to 7 ± 0.1 mg/100g. Cassava dough acidity varies from 1.8 ± 0.2 to 12.4 ± 0.1;and its pH from 3.48 ± 0.01 to 4.20 ± 0.01. Lactic bacteria are the main microorganisms involved in cassava dough fermentation (5.17 to 9.30 log cfu/g). Yeasts and molds number is low (ster is about 50.6% ± 0.00% to 55.12% ± 0.7% and its protein contents from 0.77 to 1.74 ± 0.13 g/100g. The content in lipid of attiéké shows an important variation and is about 0.15 to 3.28 ± 0.32 g/100g. Carbohydrates content varies from 36.6 ± 0.04 to 47.01 ± 0.1 g/100g and its ashes content is from 140 to 780 ± 20 mg/100g. Attiéké acidity and pH are less weak than cassava dough. They vary respectively from 0.92% ± 0.05% to 4.08% ± 0.57% and from 3.7 to 4.4 ± 0.01. As a main energizer food, attiéké energizing value is from 161.95 to 215.26 Kcal/100g. All the attiéké analyzed was exempt of aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1, G2) and ochratoxin A. The local attiéké has higher acidity, fermented bacteria load, protein and minerals salt than the imported one. The process mastery is the mainly factor that determines nutritional and sanitary quality of attiéké.

关键词： Attiéké Inoculum Hygienic Quality Nutritional Value

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Valorization of Agricultural Waste: Theoretical Estimation and Experimental Biomethane Yield from Cashew Nut Hulls

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Journal of sustainable Bioenergy systems 2020年第4期10卷 113-130页

作者： Mahamadi Nikiema Marius K. somda Joseph B. sawadogo Dayéri Dianou Alfred s. Traoré Aboubakar s. Ouattara Research Center of Biological Food and Nutritional Sciences (CRSBAN) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Fada N’Gourma University Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Nazi BONI University Bobo Dioulasso Burkina Faso National Center of scientific and Technological Research (CNRsT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Biomethane potential production from cashew nut hulls, an agricultural waste, was carried out using old and fresh hulls as substrates. samples were taken from old hulls (around 8 years old) and fresh hulls produced in cashew scale transformation units at Bobo Dioulasso/Burkina Faso. Physicochemical parameters showed that cashew hulls can be span>a good candidate for anaerobic digestion. But high acidity, total phenols and lignin tenor could be a constraint for anaerobic bacteria. Theoretical biochemical methane potential showed high value of 666.937 CHsub>4sub> L. (Kg VS)sup>-1sup> and 526.206 CHsub>4sub> L. (Kg VS)sup>-1sup> for crushed fresh and powdered old hulls, respectively. Experimental biochemical methane potential showed significantly low potential of 1.982 CHsub>4sub> L. (Kg VM)sup>-1sup> and 46.840 CHsub>4sub> L. (Kg VM)sup>-span

关键词： Agricultural Waste Cashew shells Anaerobic Digestion Bio-Energy Burkina Faso

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Optimization of Hydrocarbons Biodegradation by Bacterial strains Isolated from Wastewaters in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Case study of sAE 40/50 Used Oils and Diesel

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2016年第1期5卷 1-11页

作者： Adama sawadogo Harmonie C. Otoidobiga Léon W. Nitiema Alfred s. Traoré Dayéri Dianou Research Center for Biological Alimentary and Nutritional Sciences Research and Training Unit Life and Earth Sciences University of Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for scientific and Technological Research Institute for Environment and Agricultural Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Center for scientific and Technological Research Institute for Health Sciences Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Environmental pollution with petroleum and petrochemical products such as diesel and used oils has been recognized as one of the most serious current problem in the world, especially in developing countries. These petrochemical products devastate the soil, surface and underground waters and alter the microbial population at the polluted sites. Thus, the present work aims to optimize the biodegradation of diesel and two used oils (sAE 40 and sAE 50) by bacterial strains namely Acinetobacter s2 and Pseudomonas s7 using either nutrient factors (yeast extract, peptone or trace elements) or surfactants (tween 80 or sodium Dodecyl sulfate: sDs). The strains are incubated alone or together with the used oils or diesel supplemented or not with nutrient factors or surfactants for 14, 28, 42 and 56 days, respectively. For all the incubation period, the hydrocarbons degradation rates are determined by gravimetric assay. The results obtained show that nutrient factors increase significantly sAE 50 used oil biodegradation (p = 0.009). similarly, tween 80 increases sAE 50 and sAE 40 used oils biodegradation but not diesel one. The results also show a significant difference between biodegradation rates at 14, 28, 42 and 56 days for all the hydro-carbons tested (p Acinetobacter s2 and Pseudomonas s7 increases the degradation over the one of the strains alone.

关键词： Biodegradation Hydrocarbon Nutrient Factor surfactant Bacterial strain

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Evaluation of the Quality of Household Waste Leachate Treated by settling Ponds at the Ouagadougou Waste Treatment and Valorization Center

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第12期8卷 1567-1582页

作者： Vianney Demakoye Koné Martine Ouattara Yacouba Guinko seydou sawadogo siméon Ecole supérieure Polytechnique Privée de la Jeunesse Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Centre National de la Recherche scientifique et Technologique Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Direction de la Propreté de la Commune de Ouagadougou Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

In African cities, today’s patterns of consumption are increasingly generating solid and liquid waste. This waste requires adequate management as it poses significant risks to public health and the environment. To meet the challenge in Ouagadougou, a waste treatment and recycling center has been implemented. The leachates from household refuse evacuated in this center are treated by two series settling ponds whose performances have been evaluated throughout the present study. For this purpose, samples were taken from the basins and analyzed weekly for two months. On these samples, the physical parameters (pH, temperature, conductivity), organic pollution indicators (BOD5, COD, ss), nitrogen pollution (nitrate, nitrite) and phosphorus pollution (ortho-phosphates) were evaluated according to AFNOR standards. The average of suspended-matter contents above 13,000 mg/L and this particulate pollution abatement recorded is 2.04%, whereas the Chemical Oxygen Demand reached respective maximum values of 660 and 480 mg/L for both basins. Nutrients such as nitrates were well eliminated whereas orthophosphates are released. PH values varied between 8.62 and 9.51, while electrical conductivity values varied between 482 and 625 μs/cm. The Fecal Coliforms reached maximum concentrations of 10,000 and 12,800 UFC/100mL.

关键词： Waste Leachate BOD5 Fecal Coliforms Conductivity COD NO3

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The Effects of the Recurrent storms on Fof2 at Ouagadougou station during solar Cycles 21-22

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International Journal of Geosciences 2019年第1期10卷 80-90页

作者： Wambi Emmanuel sawadogo Frédéric Ouattara Mahammat Nour Ali Laboratoire de Recherche en Energétique et Météorologie de l’Espace (LAREME) Université Norbert Zongo (Anciennement Université de Koudougou) Koudougou Burkina Faso Faculté des sciences Exactes Appliquées (FsEA) Université de Ndjamena Ndjamena Tchad

The present paper deals with the effect of recurrent activity on the foF2 diurnal variation at Ouagadougou station for solar cycles 21 and 22. The recurrent activity produces at daytime positive storm for all solar cycle phases. For all seasons, the recurrent activity causes positive storm during nighttime and has no effect during daytime. From this study, it emerges that a positive effect of the storm at this station may be explained by the thermospheric composition changes. Recurrent activity more occurs during the solar decreasing phase and during spring month. The storm strength shows solar cycle phase and seasonal dependence. The storm strength is the highest during the solar increasing phase and during summer months.

关键词： solar Wind High speed stream Recurrent Activity F2 Layer Critical Frequency solar Cycle Phases Positive storms

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Ent Emergencies in Elderly People in Ouagadougou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck surgery 2018年第1期7卷 1-6页

作者： Ouedraogo Bertin Priva sawadogo Mathurine Bambara Céline Ouoba Kampadilemba service ORL CHU-Blaise Compaoré Ouagadougou Burkina Faso service ORL CHU-Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso service ORL et CCF CHU-YO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: The world’s population over 60 years old is experiencing a significant increase. They represent 5.1% of Burkina Faso’s population. This specific group because of the much specificity that characterizes, is more vulnerable because of aging. What are the clinical, therapeutic and evolving aspects of ENT emergencies in this group? The aim of this study is to describe the clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of ENT emergencies in elderly people in ENT department of the Universitary Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo at Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2015, for a period of 7 years. It included all patients aged 60 years and over who received a consultation or hospitalization in the period in an emergency table. Results: We recorded 129 cases of ENT emergency out of a total of 27890 patients, a frequency of 0.46% and an annual average of 19 cases. These ENT emergencies represented 26.7% of the general ENT pathology in the elderly for the same period. We noted a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.1. Admission mode was the reference in 76% of cases. Absolute or true emergencies accounted for 55.8%. Etiologies of emergencies were dominated by infections, dyspneising tumors and pharyngoesophageal foreign bodies. Endoscopic exploration under general anesthesia was the most performed surgical procedure followed by drainage incision. A total of 41.1% of patients were hospitalized with an average hospital stay of 5 days. We recorded 13 deaths or 10.1%. Conclusion: The etiologies of ENT emergencies in the elderly were dominated by infections and tumors seen late, hence the interest of a better organization of hospital services to promote early consultation.

关键词： ENT Emergencies Elderly Ouagadougou

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Total Electron Content during Recurrent and Quiet Geomagnetic Periods at the Koudougou station in Burkina Faso

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第3期13卷 259-280页

作者： saguedo sawadogo Doua Allain Gnabahou Tinlé Pahima Frédéric Ouattara Research Laboratory in Energetics and space Weather (LAREME) University of Norbert ZONGO (UNZ) Koudougou Burkina Faso

In this work, the comparative study of total electron content (TEC) between recurrent and quiet geomagnetic periods of solar cycle 24 at Koudougou station with geographical coordinates 12°15'N;- 2°20'E was addressed. This study aims to analyze how geomagnetic variations influence the behavior of TEC in this specific region. The geomagnetic indices Kp and Dst were used to select quiet and recurrent days. statistical analysis was used to interpret the graphs. The results show that the mean diurnal TEC has a minimum before dawn (around 0500 UT) and reaches a maximum value around 1400 UT, progressively decreasing after sunset. In comparison, the average diurnal TEC on recurrent days is slightly higher than on quiet days, with an average difference of 7 TECU. This difference increases with the level of geomagnetic disturbance, reaching 21 TECU during a moderate storm. The study also reveals significant monthly variations, with March and October showing the highest TEC values for quiet and recurrent days, respectively. Equinox months show the highest mean values, while solstice months show the lowest. signatures of semi-annual, winter and equatorial ionization anomalies were observed. When analyzing annual variations, it was found that the TEC variation depends significantly on F10.7 solar flux, explaining up to 98% during recurrent geomagnetic activity and 92% during quiet geomagnetic activity.

关键词： Total Electronic Content Geomagnetic Activity Quiet-Day Activity Recurrent-Day Activity solar Flu

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slope stability Analysis: Case of the West Wall of the EMZ Pit at the Essakane Gold Mine in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

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Geomaterials 2023年第4期13卷 109-123页

作者： Hamma Fabien Yonli Michée Banyua Lompo Nicolas Kagambega Pierre sawadogo Ecole supérieure d’Ingénierie Universitéde Fada N’Gourma Fada N’Gourma Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l’Environnement Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Mine service Technique IAMGOLD ESSAKANE SA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Géosciences et Environnement Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Knowledge of the state of stability of mining pits is both a basic condition, an essential axis and a safety benchmark for mining operations. This stability is largely based on the knowledge of the rock mass sheltering the mining works and this requires a perfect characterization of all of its structural formations through mapping (manual or digital). The families of discontinuities, namely family 1 (bedding), family 2 (Joint 2) and family 3 (Joint 1) obtained through structural mapping in the Essakane open pit mine, made it possible to analyze the failure modes at the origin of rock instabilities. The respective dips of these different directional families are: 77˚ - 85˚/N 058˚ - 068˚, 66˚ - 74˚/N 133˚ - 143˚, 25˚ - 35˚/N115˚ - 130˚. An average safety factor of 4.3 was estimated for the area with a quality of the rock mass (RMR) estimated at 47. The results obtained reflect on the one hand the risks of instability associated with the quality of the rock mass studied and on the other hand highlights the state of stability of the study area.

关键词： stability Cartography Discontinuities safety Factor Essakane

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