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Enhanced organic solar cell performance: Multiple surface plasmon resonance and incorporation of silver nanodisks into a grating‐structure electrode

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2019年第7期2卷 7-20页

作者： Thitirat Putnin Chutiparn Lertvachirapaiboon ryousuke ishikawa Kazunari Shinbo Keizo Kato Sanong Ekgasit Kontad Ounnunkad Akira Baba Graduate School of Science and Technology Niigata University 8050 Ikarashi-2-nocho Nishi-ku Niigata 950-2181 Japan Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Sensor Research Unit Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand

In this study, plasmonic nanostructures were examined to enhance the light harvesting of organic thin-film solar cells (OSCs) by multiple surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomena originating from the grating-coupled configuration with a Blu-ray Disc recordable (BD-R)-imprinted aluminum (Al) grating structure and the incorporation of a series of silver nanodisks (Ag NDs). The devices with such a configuration maximize the light utilization inside OSCs via light absorption, light scattering, and trapping via multiple surface plasmon resonances. Different types and sizes of metallic nanoparticles (NPs), i.e., gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), Ag nanospheres (Ag NSs), and Ag NDs, were used, which were blended separately in a PEDOT:PSS hole transport layer (HTL). The device structure comprised of grating- imprinted-Al/P3HT:PCBM/Ag ND:PEDOT:PSS/ITO. Results obtained from the J–V curves revealed that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of grating-structured Al/P3HT:PCBM/PEDOT:PSS/ITO is 3.16%;this value is ~6% higher than that of a flat substrate. On the other hand, devices with flat Al and incorporated Au NPs, Ag NSs, or Ag NDs in the HTL exhibited PCEs ranging from 3.15% to 3.37%. Furthermore, OSCs with an Al grating substrate were developed by the incorporation of the Ag ND series into the PEDOT:PSS layer. Compared with that of a reference device, the PCEs of the devices increased to 3.32%–3.59%(11%–20% improvement), indicating that the light absorption enhancement at the active layer corresponds to the grating-coupled surface plasmon resonance and localized surface plasmon resonance excitations with strong near-field distributions penetrating into the active layer leading to higher efficiencies and subsequent better current generation.

关键词： grating-coupled surface plasmon resonance localized surface plasmon resonance Ag nanodisks organic solar cells imprinted grating

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae in neuroscience:how unicellular organism helps to better understand prion protein?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 489-495页

作者： Takao ishikawa Department of Molecular Biology Institute of BiochemistryFaculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawWarsawPoland

The baker's yeast Saccharomyces(S.)cerevisiae is a single-celled eukaryotic model organism widely used in research on life *** a unicellular organism,*** has some evident limitations in application to ***,yeast prions are extensively studied and they are known to share some hallmarks with mammalian prion protein or other amyloidogenic proteins found in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's,Parkinson's,or Huntington's ***,the yeast *** has been widely used for basic research on aggregation properties of proteins in cellulo and on their ***,a yeast-based study revealed that some regions of mammalian prion protein and amyloidβ1–42 are capable of induction and propagation of yeast *** is one of the examples showing that evolutionarily distant organisms share common mechanisms underlying the structural conversion of prion proteins making yeast cells a useful system for studying mammalian prion *** has also been used to design novel screening systems for anti-prion compounds from chemical *** assays are cheap in maintenance and safe for the researcher,making them a very good choice to perform preliminary screening before further characterization in systems engaging mammalian cells infected with *** this review,not only classical red/white colony assay but also yeast-based screening assays developed during last year are *** analysis and research carried out using yeast prions force us to expect that prions are widely present in ***,the last few years brought us several examples indicating that the mammalian prion protein is no more peculiar protein–it seems that a better understanding of prion proteins nature-wide may aid us with the treatment of prion diseases and other amyloid-related medical conditions.

关键词： amyloid artificial prion baker's yeast budding yeast drug screening fusion protein neurodegenerative diseases prion protein yeast-based assay

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Estimating camera parameters from starry night photographs

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Computational Visual Media 2020年第4期6卷 445-454页

作者： Naoto ishikawa Yoshinori Dobashi Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan

We propose an efficient, specific method for estimating camera parameters from a single starry night image. Such an image consists of a collection of disks representing stars, so traditional estimation methods for common pictures do not work. Our method uses a database, a star catalog, that stores the positions of stars on the celestial sphere. Our method computes magnitudes(i.e., brightnesses) of stars in the input image and uses them to find the corresponding stars in the star catalog. Camera parameters can then be estimated by a simple geometric calculation. Our method is over ten times faster and more accurate than a previous method.

关键词： astrophotography constellation star identification pattern matching

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Surgical recovery of sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 109-115,178页

作者： Tomomoto ishikawa Department of Urology Ishikawa Hospital Himeji 6710221 Japan

The development of intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） opened a new era in the field of assisted reproduction and revolutionized the assisted reproductive technology protocols for couples with male factor infertility. Fertilisation and pregnancies can be achieved with spermatozoa recovered not only from the ejaculate but also from the seminiferous tubules. The most common methods for retrieving testicular sperm in non-obstructive azoospermia （NOA） are testicular sperm aspiration （TESA： needle/fine needle aspiration） and open testicular biopsy （testicular sperm extraction： TESE）. The optimal technique for sperm extraction should be minimally invasive and avoid destruction of testicular function, without compromising the chance to retrieve adequate numbers of spermatozoa to perform ICSh Microdissection TESE （micro-TESE）, performed with an operative microscope, is widely considered to be the best method for sperm retrieval in NOA, as larger and opaque tubules, presumably with active spermatogenesis, can be directly identified, resulting in higher spermatozoa retrieval rates with minimal tissue loss and low postoperative complications. Micro-TESE, in combination with ICSI, is applicable in all cases of NOA, including Klinefelter syndrome （KS）. The outcomes of surgical sperm retrieval, primarily in NOA patients with elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）（NOA including KS patients）, are reviewed along with the phenotypic features. The predictive factors for surgical sperm retrieval and outcomes of treatment were analysed. Finally, the short- and long-term complications in micro-TESE in both 46XY males with NOA and KS patients are considered.

关键词： azoospermia micro-TESE sperm retrieval TESE

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Loess magnetic properties in the Ili Basin and their correlation with the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第3期53卷 419-431页

作者： NAOTO ishikawa Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto University

Over the past two decades, magnetoclimatological studies of loess-paleosol sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) have made outstanding achievements, which greatly promote the understanding of East Asian paleomonsoon evolution, inland aridification of Asia, and past global climate changes. Loess magnetic properties of the CLP have been well studied. In contrast, loess magnetic properties from outside the CLP in China have not been fully understood. We have little knowledge about the magnetic properties of loess in the Ili Basin, an intermontane depression of the Tianshan (or Tien Shan) Mountains. Here, we present the results of rock magnetic measurements of the Ili loess including mass magnetic susceptibility (χ) and anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM), high/low temperature dependence of susceptibility (TDS) and hysteresis, as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) for mineral analysis. Based on the comparison with loess-paleosol sequences in the CLP (hereafter referred to as the Chinese loess), we discuss the possible magnetic susceptibility enhancement mechanism of the Ili loess. The results show that 1) the total magnetic mineral concentration of the Ili loess is far lower than that of the Chinese loess, though they have similar magnetic mineral compositions. The ferrimagnetic minerals in the Ili loess are magnetite and maghemite, and the antiferromagnetic mineral is hematite; XRD analysis also identifies the presence of ilmenite. The ratio of maghemite is lower in the Ili loess than in the Chinese loess, but the ratios of magnetite and hematite are higher in the Ili loess than in the Chinese loess. 2) The granularity of magnetic minerals in the Ili loess, dominated by pseudo-single domain (PSD) and multi-domain (MD) grains, is generally much coarser than that of the Chinese loess. Ultrafine pedogenically-produced magnetic grains have a very limited contribution to the susceptibility enhancement. Rather, PSD and MD particles of magnetite and maghemite are th

关键词： loess magnetic property magnetic susceptibility the Ili Basin the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Anti-viral therapy to reduce recurrence and improve survival in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第47期19卷 8861-8866页

作者： Toru ishikawa Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saiseikai Niigata Daini HospitalNiigata 950-1104Japan

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer death *** infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus accounts for approximately75%-80%of HCC cases *** particular,chronic HBV infection is a predominant risk factor for HCC in Asia and *** resection and radiofrequency ablation are increasingly used for the curative treatment of HCC,and good local control can be ***,the high rate of recurrence is a major obstacle to improving prognosis.A high viral load of HBV DNA is the most important correctable risk factor for ***,interferon and/or nucleotide analogues may decrease HBV ***,these drugs may decrease *** this article,treatment strategies for HBV-related HCC are described in order to reduce recurrence and improve survival.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Recurrence Nucleotide analogues Interferon

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Next-generation sequencing traces human induced pluripotent stem cell lines clonally generated from heterogeneous cancer tissue

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2017年第5期9卷 77-88页

作者： Tetsuya ishikawa Cell Biology Core Facilities for Research and Innovative MedicineNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan Central Animal Division Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core CenterNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyo 104-0045Japan

AIM To investigate genotype variation among induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC) lines that were clonally generated from heterogeneous colon cancer tissues using next-generation sequencing. METHODS Human iPSC lines were clonally established by selecting independent single colonies expanded from heterogeneous primary cells of S-shaped colon cancer tissues by retroviral gene transfer(OCT3/4, SOX2, and KLF4). The ten iPSC lines, their starting cancer tissues, and the matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues were analyzed using nextgeneration sequencing and bioinformatics analysis using the human reference genome hg19. Non-synonymous single-nucleotide variants(SNVs)(missense, nonsense,and read-through) were identified within the target region of 612 genes related to cancer and the human kinome. All SNVs were annotated using dbS NP135, CCDS, RefSeq, GENCODE, and 1000 Genomes. The SNVs of the iPSC lines were compared with the genotypes of the cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. The putative genotypes were validated using allelic depth and genotype quality. For final confirmation, mutated genotypes were manually curated using the Integrative Genomics Viewer. RESULTS In eight of the ten iPSC lines, one or two non-synonymous SNVs in EIF2AK2, TTN, ULK4, TSSK1 B, FLT4, STK19, STK31, TRRAP, WNK1, PLK1 or PIK3R5 were identified as novel SNVs and were not identical to the genotypes found in the cancer and non-cancerous tissues. This result suggests that the SNVs were de novo or pre-existing mutations that originated from minor populations, such as multifocal pre-cancer(stem) cells or pre-metastatic cancer cells from multiple, different clonal evolutions, present within the heterogeneous cancer tissue. The genotypes of all ten iPSC lines were different from the mutated ERBB2 and MKNK2 genotypes of the cancer tissues and were identical to those of the noncancerous tissues and that found in the human reference genome hg19. Furthermore, two of the ten iPSC lines did not have any confir

关键词： Colon cancer Next-generation sequencing Single-nucleotide variant Genotype Heterogeneous cancer tissue Cancer associated fibroblast Pre-cancer cell Induced pluripotent stem cell Single cell Clonal evolution

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Three-dimensional crystal defect imaging by STEM depth sectioning

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 2-7页

作者： Ryo ishikawa Naoya Shibata Yuichi Ikuhara Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of TokyoBunkyoTokyo 113-8656Japan

One of the major innovations awaiting in electron microscopy is full three-dimensional imaging at atomic *** the success of aberration correction to deep sub-angstrom lateral resolution,spatial resolution in depth is still far from atomic *** scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),this poor depth resolution is due to the limitation of the illumination *** overcome this physical limitation,it is essential to implement a next-generation aberration corrector in STEM that can significantly improve the depth *** review discusses the capability of depth sectioning for three-dimensional imaging combined with large-angle illumination ***,the statistical analysis approach remarkably improves the depth resolution,making it possible to achieve three-dimensional atomic resolution imaging at oxide *** will also discuss the future prospects of three-dimensional imaging at atomic resolution by STEM depth sectioning.

关键词： atomic-resolution STEM STEM depth sectioning depth resolution dopants surface topography

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A sulfur–microporous carbon composite positive electrode for lithium/sulfur and silicon/sulfur rechargeble batteries

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 612-621页

作者： Takuya Takahashi Masaki Yamagata Masashi ishikawa Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of ChemistryMaterials and BioengineeringKansai University

Sulfur is an advantageous material as a promising next-generation positive electrode material for high-energy lithium batteries due to a high theoretical capacity of 1672 m A h g 1although its discharge potential is somewhat modest:ca.2 V vs Li/***,a sulfur positive electrode has some crucial problems for practical use,which are mainly attributed to the dissolution of its intermediate products in charge–discharge *** order to resolve the dissolution problem of lithium polysulfide,we attempted to synthesize a sulfur–microporous activated carbon(AC) composite positive ***,we have systematically researched the battery performance of sulfur–microporous AC positive electrode with variations of electrolytes as well as negative electrodes,and found its promising positive electrode performance for a nextgeneration rechargeable battery.

关键词： Sulfur Micropore Ionic liquid Silicon Lithium-ion battery

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Risk management of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence after hepatitis Cvirus eradication-from IFN based era to IFN-free DAA era

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2020年第2期9卷 227-229页

作者： Toru ishikawa Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saiseikai Niigata HospitalNiigataJapan

Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is a public health issue which effects people throughout the world,with more than 71 million people effected,and 400,000 deaths annually(1).HCV,which is when active carriage of HCV RNA is in the blood,is the leading cause of cirrhosis,liver failure,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(2).Among HCV infected cirrhotic patients,the incidence rate of HCC steadily increases with increased degree of fibrosis,with annual reported incidence of 1.4%to 7%respectively(3).The eradication of the virus and therefore prevention of HCC development and liver related death is the ultimate treatment objective for chronic *** 1991,the first treatment approved by the Food&Drug Administration(FDA)to treat chronic hepatitis C(CHC)was IFNα-2b monotherapy(4),which allowed 15-20%of sustained virological response(SVR)and also induced major side effects such as asthenia,neutropenia,myalgia and influenzalike syndromes(5).

关键词： hepatocellular prevention sustained

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