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Shock Wave Observation in Narrow Tubes for a Parametric Study on Micro Wave Rotor Design

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Journal of Thermal Science 2008年第2期17卷 134-140页

作者： Koji Okamoto Mikiya araki Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics University of Tokyo Department of Mechanical Engineering Gunma University

Wave rotor is expected to improve the performance of micro gas turbines drastically. In the wave rotor design, the rotor speed is determined principally by the tube length. Therefore, a longer tube is preferable for miniaturized wave rotors to avoid the difficulty in bearings and lubrication system, while it may yield thicker wall boundary layer, shock wave dissipation and so on. In the present study, an experimental apparatus was built to visualize the wave rotor internal flow dynamics in a narrow tube by schlieren method and Laser Doppler Anemometry. In addi- tion, different lengths of the tube were adopted and compared to investigate the effect of wall friction. Finally, 2D numerical simulation was performed and the results were compared with those of experiments.

关键词： wave rotor shock wave unsteady flow micro propulsion flow visualization.

A novel mode of retinal regeneration:the merit of a new Xenopus model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第24期9卷 2125-2127页

作者： Masasuke araki Developmental Neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences Nara Women’s University

Retinal regeneration： The retina is a part of the central nervous system （CNS） and has long attracted neurobiologists as an excellent model organ for the study of CNS regeneration. In classical studies using urodele amphibians like the salamander newt, it has been shown that the retina regenerates after the removal of the whole tissue even in the adulthood. This type of regeneration is considered as an example of ＂transdifferentiation＇, since the source of the regenerating retina is the retinal pigmented epithelial cells （RPE cells）（Okada, 1991;

关键词： cell A novel mode of retinal regeneration RPE mode

Novel insights into the mechanism of reactive oxygen species-mediated neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 746-749页

作者： Shuji Wakatsuki Toshiyuki araki Department of Peripheral Nervous System Research National Institute of NeuroscienceNational Center of Neurology and PsychiatryTokyoJapan

Neurite degeneration,a major component of many neurodegenerative diseases,such as Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,is not part of the typical apoptosis signaling mechanism,but rather it appears that a self-destructive process is in *** stress is a well-known inducer of neurodegenerative pathways:neuronal cell death and neurite *** oxidative stress exerts cytotoxic effects leading to neuronal loss,the pathogenic mechanisms and precise signaling pathways by which oxidative stress causes neurite degeneration have remained entirely *** previously reported that reactive oxygen species generated by NADPH oxidases induce activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase ZNRF1 in neurons,which promotes neurite *** this process,the phosphorylation of an NADPH oxidase subunit p47-phox at the 345serine residue serves as an important checkpoint to initiate the ZNRF1-dependent neurite *** provides new insights into the mechanism of reactive oxygen species-mediated *** this review,we focus specifically on reactive oxygen species-induced neurite degeneration by highlighting a phosphorylation-dependent regulation of the molecular interaction between ZNRF1 and the NADPH oxidase complex.

关键词： neurite degeneration oxidative stress phosphorylation reactive oxygen species ubiquitin ligase

Expression of bcl-2 gene increases in apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells induced by rattlesnake venom

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第13期45卷 1195-1198页

作者： araki Satohiko Hayashi Hiroshi Sugashima Marine Biological Laboratory School of ScienceNagoya UniversityTobaMie517JapanSugashima Marine Biological LaboratorySchool of ScienceNagoya UniversityTobaMie517Japan

Apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells (VEC) has been induced by deprivation of survival factors (aFGF and serum) and by rattlesnake venom. The expression of bcl-2 gene has been examined by Northern blotting in the two apoptosis inducing systems. Our results show that the expression of bcl-2 has not been detected in normal culture cells and in apoptotic cells induced by deprivation of survival factors. But in apoptotic cells induced by rattlesnake venom (10 μg/mL), the expression of bcl-2 increases, and its mRNA exhibits two bands. The data first suggest that increasing expression and splitting of bcl-2 mRNA may play an important role in apoptosis of VEC induced by rattlesnake venom, and this finding is helpful to understanding the role of bcl-2 in regulation of apoptosis.

关键词： bcl-2 gene rattlesnake venom apoptosis vascular endothelial cells.

Autothermal reforming of biogas over a monolithic catalyst

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2010年第5期19卷 477-481页

作者： Sadao araki Naoe Hino Takuma Mori Susumu Hikazudani Hitachi Zosen Corporation Business & Product Development HeadquartersTechnical Research Institute

This study focused on measurement of the autothermal reforming of biogas over a Ni based monolithic catalyst. The effects of the steam/CH4 （S/C） ratio, O2/CH4 （O2/C） ratio and temperature were investigated. The CH4 conversions were higher under all examined temperatures than the equilibrium conversion calculated using the blank outlet temperature, because the catalyst layer was heated by the exothermic catalytic partial oxidation reaction. The CH 4conversion increased with increasing O2/C ratio. Moreover, the CH4 conversion was higher than the equilibrium conversion calculated using the blank outlet temperature for O2/C〉0.42 and reached about 100% at O2/C=0.55. However, the hydrogen concentration decreased for O2/C〉0.45 because hydrogen was combusted to steam in the presence of excess oxygen. On the other hand, the hydrogen and CO2 concentrations increased and the CO concentration decreased with increasing SIC ratio. As a result, it was found that the highest hydrogen concentrations and CH4 conversions were attained at the O2/C ratios of 0.45-0.55 and the SIC ratios of 1.5-2.5. Moreover, the H2/CO ratio could also be controlled in the range from about 2 to 3.5 to give at least 90% CH4 conversion, by regulating the O2/C or S/C ratios.

关键词： autothermal reforming biogas hydrogen production monolithic catalyst Ni based catalyst

Event detection and visualization of ocean eddies simulated by ocean general circulation model

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2019年第3期10卷 164-182页

作者： Daisuke Matsuoka Fumiaki araki Hideharu Sasaki Information Engineering Program Research Institute for Value-Added-Information Generation Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAMSTEC)3173-25 Showa-machi Kanazawa-kuYokohama 236-0001Japan Application Laboratory(APL)Research Institute for Value-Added-Information Generation Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAMSTEC)3173-25 Showa-machi Kanazawa-kuYokohama 236-0001Japan

Numerical study of ocean eddies has been carried out by using high-resolution ocean general circulation *** order to understand ocean eddies from the large volume data produced by simulations,visualizing only eddy distribution at each time step is insufficient;time-variations in eddy events and phenomena must also be ***,existing methods cannot precisely find and track eddy events such as amalgamation and *** this study,we propose an original approach for eddy detection,tracking,and event visualization based on an eddy classification *** proposed method detects streams and currents as well as eddies,and it classifies discovered eddies into several categories using the additional stream and current *** tracking how the classified eddies vary over time,detecting events such as eddy amalgamation and bifurcation as well as the interaction between eddies and ocean currents becomes *** adopt the proposed method for two ocean areas in which strong ocean currents exist as case *** visualize the detected eddies and events in a time series of images,allowing us to acquire an intuitive understanding of a region of interest concealed in a high-resolution data ***,our proposed method succeeded in clarifying the occurrence place and seasonality of each type of eddy event.

关键词： Ocean simulation ocean eddy ocean current visualization

Metastatic bone cancer as a recurrence of early gastric cancer - characteristics and possible mechanisms

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第36期11卷 5587-5591页

作者： Michiya Kobayashi Takehiro Okabayashi Takeshi Sano Keijiro araki Department of Tumor Surgery Kochi Medical School Nankoku 783-8505 Japan Takeshi Sano Gastric Surgery Division National Cancer Center Hospital Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0045 Japan

The surgical outcome of most early gastric cancer （EGC） is usually satisfactory. Some cases show bone metastasis even though the depth of cancer invasion is confined to the mucosa. The most frequent site for recurrence of EGC is the liver. Cases of EGC with bone metastasis are reviewed to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of EGC giving rise to bone metastasis. Possible mechanisms and risk factors underlying this rare condition are proposed. Forty-six cases of bone metastasis from EGC are reviewed from published reports and meeting proceedings in Japan. This investigation suggests that risk factors for bone metastasis from EGC include depressed-type signet-ring cell carcinoma, poorly differentiated carcinoma, and/or the likely involvement of lymph node metastasis, even though the cancer is confined to the gastric mucosa. The risk factors do not include recurrence of EGC in the liver. We speculate that the mechanism of bone metastasis from EGC is via lymphatic channels and systemic circulation. Postoperative follow-up of cases should consider the development of bone metastasis from EGC. We propose the use of elevated alkaline phosphatase levels for the detection of bone metastasis and recommend bone scintigraphy in positive cases. 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

关键词： Gastric cancer Early gastric cancer Bonemetastasis Recurrence of early gastric cancer

Cancer-associated fibroblasts in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第30期22卷 6841-6850页

作者： Norio Kubo Kenichiro araki Hiroyuki Kuwano Ken Shirabe Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of General Surgical Science Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine

The hepatic stellate cells in the liver are stimulated sustainably by chronic injury of the hepatocytes, activating myofibroblasts, which produce abundant collagen. Myofibroblasts are the major source of extracellular proteins during fibrogenesis, and may directly, or secreted products, contribute to carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs) are one of the components of the tumor microenvironment that promote the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells by secreting various growth factors and cytokines. CAFs crosstalk with cancer cells stimulates tumor progression by creating a favorable microenvironment for progression, invasion, and metastasis through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Basic studies on CAFs have advanced, and the role of CAFs in tumors has been elucidated. In particular, for hepatocellular carcinoma, carcinogenesis from cirrhosis is a known fact, and participation of CAFs in carcinogenesis is supported. In this review, we discuss the current literature on the role of CAFs and CAF-related signaling in carcinogenesis, crosstalk with cancer cells, immunosuppressive effects, angiogenesis, therapeutic targets, and resistance to chemotherapy. The role of CAFs is important in cancer initiation and progression. CAF-targeted therapy may be effective for suppression not only of fibrosis but also cancer progression.

关键词： Cancer associated fibroblast Hepatic stellate cell Hepatocellular carcinoma Immunosuppression Therapeutic target

Prolonged survival in patients with hand-foot skin reaction secondary to cooperative sorafenib treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第32期27卷 5424-5437页

作者： Masanori Ochi Toshiro Kamoshida Masahiro araki Tadashi Ikegami Department of Gastroenterology Hitachi General HospitalIbaraki 317–0077Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Ibaraki Prefectural Central HospitalIbaraki Cancer CenterIbaraki 309-1793Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical CenterIbaraki 309-1793Japan

BACKGROUND Sorafenib is an oral drug that prolongs overall survival(OS)in patients with hepatocellular *** events,including hand-foot skin reaction(HFSR),lead to permanent sorafenib *** To clarify the association between interventions for adverse events and patient *** We performed a retrospective,multicenter study of patients treated with sorafenib monotherapy between May 2009 and March *** developed a mutual cooperation system that was initiated at the start of sorafenib treatment to effectively manage adverse *** mutual cooperation system entailed patients receiving consultations during which pharmacists provided accurate information about sorafenib to alleviate the fear and anxiety related to adverse *** stratified the patients into three groups:Group A,patients without HFSR but with pharmacist intervention;Group B,patients with HFSR and pharmacist interventions unreported to oncologists(nonmutual cooperation system);and Group C,patients with HFSR and pharmacist interventions known to oncologists(mutual cooperation system).OS and time to treatment failure(TTF)were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier *** We enrolled 134 patients(Group A,n=41;Group B,n=30;Group C,n=63).The median OS was significantly different between Groups A and C(6.2 vs 13.9 mo,p<0.01)but not between Groups A and B(6.2 vs 7.7 mo,P=0.62).Group A vs Group C was an independent OS predictor(HR,0.41;95%CI:0.25-0.66;P<0.01).In Group B alone,TTF was significantly lower and the nonadherence rate was higher(P<0.01).In addition,the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients between OS and TTF in each group were 0.41(Group A;P<0.01),0.13(Group B;P=0.51),and 0.58(Group C;P<0.01).There was a highly significant correlation between OS and TTF in Group ***,there was no correlation between OS and TTF in Group *** The mutual cooperation system increased treatment duration and improved prognosis in patients with *** prospect

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Sorafenib Pharmacists Oncologists Prognosis Duration of therapy