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Identification of advanced spin-driven thermoelectric materials via interpretable machine learning

npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 232-237页

作者： Yuma Iwasaki ryohto sawada Valentin Stanev Masahiko Ishida Akihiro Kirihara Yasutomo Omori Hiroko Someya Ichiro Takeuchi Eiji Saitoh Shinichi Yorozu Central Research Laboratories NEC CorporationTsukuba 305-8501Japan PREST JSTSaitama 322-0012Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Joint Quantum Institute University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 908-8577Japan WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 908-8577Japan Advanced Science Research Center Japan Atomic Energy AgencyTokai 319-1195Japan RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science Wako 351-0198Japan

Machine learning is becoming a valuable tool for scientific *** attractive is the application of machine learning methods to the field of materials development,which enables innovations by discovering new and better functional *** apply machine learning to actual materials development,close collaboration between scientists and machine learning tools is ***,such collaboration has been so far impeded by the black box nature of many machine learning *** is often difficult for scientists to interpret the data-driven models from the viewpoint of material science and ***,we demonstrate the development of spin-driven thermoelectric materials with anomalous Nernst effect by using an interpretable machine learning method called factorized asymptotic Bayesian inference hierarchical mixture of experts(FAB/HMEs).Based on prior knowledge of material science and physics,we were able to extract from the interpretable machine learning some surprising correlations and new knowledge about spin-driven thermoelectric *** by this,we carried out an actual material synthesis that led to the identification of a novel spin-driven thermoelectric *** material shows the largest thermopower to date.

关键词： becoming learning attractive

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A case study of seismic response of earth embankment foundation on liquefiable soils

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Journal of Central South University 2009年第6期16卷 994-1000页

作者：黄雨 YASHIMA A sawada K 张锋 Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji University Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering Ministry of EducationTongji University Department of Civil Engineering Gifu University Department of Civil Engineering Nagoya Institute of Technology

A case study of seismic response of an earth embankment foundation on liquefiable soils in Kansai area,western Japan was presented. Based on a calibrated cyclic elasto-plastic constitutive model for liquefiable sand and Biot dynamic coupled theory,the seismic analysis was carried out by using a dynamic effective stress finite element method under plane strain condition. A recent design study was illustrated in detail for a river earth embankment subjected to seismic excitation on the saturated deposits with liquefiable sands. Simulated results of the embankment foundation during liquefaction were obtained for acceleration,displacement,and excess pore water pressures,which were considered to yield useful results for earthquake geotechnical design. The results show that the foundation soil reaches a fully liquefied state with high excess pore pressure ratios approaching to 1.0 due to the earthquake shaking. At the end of the earthquake,the extensive liquefaction causes about 1.0 m lateral spreading at the toe and 60 cm settlement at the crest of the earth embankment.

关键词： earth embankment earthquake liquefaction cyclic plasticity finite element method case study

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Full polarimetric PALSAR-based land cover monitoring in Cambodia for implementation of REDD policies

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2013年第3期6卷 255-275页

作者： Ram Avtar Wataru Takeuchi Haruo sawada Institute of Industrial Science The University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Forest cover monitoring plays an important role in the implementation of climate change mitigation policies such as Kyoto protocol and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation(REDD).In this study,we have monitored land cover using the PALSAR(Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar)full polarimetric data based on incoherent target *** classification technique has been applied on CloudePottier decomposition,FreemanDurden three component,and Yamaguchi four component decomposition for accurate mapping of different types of land cover *** on confusion matrix derived from the predicted and defined pixels,the evergreen and sparsely deciduous forests have shown high producer’s accuracy by FreemanDurden three component and Yamaguchi four component classifica*** overall accuracy of Maximum Likelihood Classification by Yamaguchi four component is 94.1%with 0.93 kappa coefficient as compared to the 90.3%with 0.88 kappa coefficient by FreemanDurden three component and 89.7%with 0.88 kappa coefficient by CloudePottier *** accuracy of classification in a forested area using full polarimetric PALSAR data may have been because of high penetration of L-band *** content of this study could be useful for the forest cover mapping during cloudy days needed for proper implementation of REDD policies in Cambodia.

关键词： global climate change REDD PALSAR forest cover mapping

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Dynamic pressure change in a rotating, laterally oscillating cylindrical container

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2018年第2期3卷 91-95页

作者： Yusuke Saito Tatsuo sawada Department of Mechanical Engineering Keio University3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama 223-8522Japan

We examined wave phenomena pertinent to water in a rotating,laterally oscillating cylindrical *** particular,we measured the time-dependent dynamic water pressure and pressure change by fast Fourier transform *** swirling of water in the container had three frequency components;the frequency responses of each frequency component are reported *** swirling occurs in a rotating cylindrical container,it was found that the wave rotating in the same direction as the rotation of the cylindrical container and the wave rotating in the opposite direction to the cylindrical container exist at the same *** swirling direction was determined by the relationship of these magnitude.

关键词： Sloshing Dynamic pressure Cylindrical container Rotation Oscillation Swirling

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NF-κB Regulates B-Cell-Derived Nerve Growth Factor Expression

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2006年第1期3卷 63-66页

作者： Klaus Heese Noriko Inoue Tohru sawada Department of Molecular and Cell Biology School of Biological SciencesNanyang Technological University60 Nanyang DriveSingapore 637551Singapore BF Research Institute Inc.Itoyoshi Building 2012-5-9 DoshomachiChuo-kuOsaka 541-0045Japan BF Research Institute Inc. Itoyoshi Building 2012-5-9 DoshomachiChuo-kuOsaka 541-0045Japan

In the mammalian brain, four neurotrophins have been identified： nerve growth factor （NGF）, brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）, neurotrophin-3 （NT-3） and neurotrophin-4/5 （NT-4/5）. NGF exerts an important role in the development and functions of the central and peripheral nervous system. However, it has recently been documented that several types of immune cells, such as mast ceils, iymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils, produce, store and release NGF. Accumulating preclinical and clinical data indicate that dysfunctions of NGF and the other neurotrophins may contribute to impaired immune responses and concentration of NGF frequently correlates with disease severity. Thus, the aim of this study was to elucidate the potential signaling mechanisms of cytokineneurotrophins interactions contributing to increased NGF levels. Our data show that the transcription factor NF-κB plays a pivotal role in regulating B-cell-derived NGF expression.

关键词： immune system inflammation interleukin NGF neurotrophin

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Synchrotron X-ray diagnostics of cutoff shape of nonthermal electron spectrum at young supernova remnants

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2014年第2期14卷 165-178页

作者： Ryo Yamazaki Yutaka Ohira Makoto sawada Aya Bamba Department of Physics and Mathematics Aoyama Gakuin University5-10-1 FuchinobeSagamihara 252-5258Japan

Synchrotron X-rays can be a useful tool to investigate electron accelera- tion at young supemova remnants （SNRs）. At present, since the magnetic field con- figuration around the shocks of SNRs is uncertain, it is not clear whether electron acceleration is limited by SNR age, synchrotron cooling, or even escape from the ac- celeration region. We study whether the acceleration mechanism can be constrained by the cutoff shape of the electron spectrum around the maximum energy. We derive analytical formulae of the cutoff shape in each case where the maximum electron en- ergy is determined by SNR age, synchrotron cooling and escape from the shock. They are related to the energy dependence of the electron diffusion coefficient. Next, we discuss whether information on the cutoff shape can be provided by observations in the near future which will simply give the photon indices and the flux ratios in the soft and hard X-ray bands. We find that if the power-law index of the electron spectrum is independently determined by other observations, then we can constrain the cutoff shape by comparing theoretical predictions of the photon indices and/or the flux ratios with observed data which will be measured by NuSTAR and/or ASTRO-H. Such study is helpful in understanding the acceleration mechanism. In particular, it will supply another independent constraint on the magnetic field strength around the shocks of SNRs.

关键词： acceleration of particles -- ISM: cosmic rays -- ISM: supernova rem-nants -- turbulence -- X-rays: ISM

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Erythropoietin ameliorates early ischemia-reperfusion injury following the Pringle maneuver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第38期16卷 4838-4845页

作者： Masato Kato Tokihiko sawada Junji Kita Mitsugi Shimoda Keiichi Kubota Second Department of Surgery Dokkyo Medical UniversityKitakobayash 880

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of erythropoietin (Epo) against ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR/I) following the Pringle maneuver (PM),in comparison with conventional steroid administration in a prospective randomized trial. METHODS:Patients were randomized by age, sex, diagnosis, and surgical method, and assigned to three groups:(1) A steroid group (STRD, n= 9) who received 100 mg of hydrocortisone before PM, and on postoperative days 1, 2 and 3, followed by tapering until postoperative day 7; (2) An EPO1 group (n=10) who received 30 000 U of Epo before the PM and at the end of surgery; and (3) An EPO2 group (n=8) who received 60 000 U of Epo before the PM. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactate, interleukin-6 (IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α were measured before and just after (Day 0) surgery, and on postoperative days 1, 3, 7 and 14. RESULTS: There were no increases in Hb and Ht in the EPO1 and EPO2 groups. AST was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD on Day 0 (P=0.041), and lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 1 (P=0.018). ALT was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P=0.020) and Day 1 (P=0.004). There were no signif icant inter-group differences in the levels of LDH and lactate. IL-6 was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P=0.0036) and Day 1 (P=0.0451). TNF-α was signif icantly lower in EPO1 than in STRD and EPO2 on Day 0 (P=0.0006) and Day 1 (P<0.0001). Furthermore, hospitalization was signif icantly shorter in EPO1 and EPO2 than in ***:Epo has greater potential than steroids to ameliorate IR/I after the PM. Epo at a dose of 30000 U, administered before PM and just after surgery, yields better results.

关键词： Erythropoietin Hepatic resection Pringle maneuver Steroid Prospective randomized study

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Implicit Discontinuous Galerkin Method for RANS Simulation Utilizing Pointwise Relaxation Algorithm

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第3期7卷 510-533页

作者： Kanako Yasue Michiko Furudate Naofumi Ohnishi Keisuke sawada Department of Aerospace Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579Japan

An efficient implicit procedure for the Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methodis developed utilizing a pointwise relaxation algorithm. In the pointwise relaxation,those contributions from the degrees of freedom in own computational cell are accounted for in the implicit matrix inversion. The resulting scheme is shown to be stablewith very large CFL numbers for both the Euler and the Navier-Stokes equations fortypical test problems. In order to achieve a faster convergence, efforts are also madeto reduce computing time of the present method by utilizing a p-multigrid schemeand also by solving a simplified matrix instead of a fully loaded dense matrix in theimplicit matrix inversion. A superior performance of the present implicit DG methodon the parallel computer using up to 128 PEs is shown in terms of readily achievablescalability and high parallel efficiency. The RANS simulation of turbulent flowfieldover AGARD-B model is carried out to show the convergence property and numericalstability of the present implicit DG method for engineering applications.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin method pointwise relaxation implicit scheme viscous compressible flow

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An Implicit LU-SGS Scheme for the Spectral Volume Method on Unstructured Tetrahedral Grids

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Communications in Computational Physics 2009年第10期6卷 978-996页

作者： Takanori Haga Keisuke sawada Z.J.Wang Department of Aerospace Engineering Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8579Japan Department of Aerospace Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

An efficient implicit lower-upper symmetric Gauss-Seidel(LU-SGS)solution approach has been applied to a high order spectral volume(SV)method for unstructured tetrahedral *** LU-SGS solver is preconditioned by the block element matrix,and the system of equations is then solved with a LU *** compact feature of SV reconstruction facilitates the efficient solution algorithm even for high order *** developed implicit solver has shown more than an order of magnitude of speed-up relative to the Runge-Kutta explicit scheme for typical inviscid and viscous problems.A convergence to a high order solution for high Reynolds number transonic flow over a 3D wing with a one equation turbulence model is also indicated.

关键词： High-order unstructured grid spectral volume implicit method

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Secular change in lifetime of granitic crust and the continental growth: A new view from detrital zircon ages of sandstones

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1099-1115页

作者： Hikaru sawada Yukio Isozaki Shuhei Sakata Takafumi Hirata Shigenori Maruyama Department of General System Studies The University of Tokyo Earth-Life Science Institute(ELSI) Tokyo Institute of Technology Department of Chemistry Gakushuin University Geochemical Research Center The University of Tokyo

U-Pb ages of detrital zircons were newly dated for 4 Archean sandstones from the Pilbara craton in Australia, Wyoming craton in North America, and Kaapvaal craton in Africa. By using the present results with previously published data, we compiled the age spectra of detrital zircons for 2.9, 2.6, 2.3,1.0, and0.6 Ga sandstones and modern river sands in order to document the secular change in age structure of continental crusts through time. The results demonstrated the following episodes in the history of continental crust：（1） low growth rate of the continents due to the short cycle in production/destruction of granitic crust during the Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic（2.9-23 Ga）,（2） net increase in volume of the continents during Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic（2.3-1.0 Ga）, and（3） net decrease in volume of the continents during the Neoproterozoic and Phanerozoic（after 1.0 Ga）. In the Archean and Paleoproterozoic, the embryonic continents were smaller than the modern continents, probably owing to the relatively rapid production and destruction of continental crust. This is indeed reflected in the heterogeneous crustal age structure of modern continents that usually have relatively small amount of Archean crusts with respect to the post-Archean ones. During the Mesoproterozoic, plural continents amalgamated into larger ones comparable to modern continental blocks in size. Relatively older crusts were preserved in continental interiors, whereas younger crusts were accreted along continental *** addition to continental arc magmatism, the direct accretion of intra-oceanic island arc around continental peripheries also became important for net continental growth. Since 1.0 Ga, total volume of continents has decreased, and this appears consistent with on-going phenomena along modern active arc-trench system with dominant tectonic erosion and/or arc subduction. Subduction of a huge amount of granitic crusts into the mantle through time is suggested, and this requires re-co

关键词： Detrital zircon U-Pb age Continental growth Subduction erosion Preservation bias

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