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Fuelization of Italian Ryegrass and Napier Grass through a Biological Treatment and Photocatalytic Reforming

Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2015年第1期5卷 1-9页

作者： Masahide Yasuda Misriyani Yuka Takenouchi ryo kurogi Shunsaku Uehara Tsutomu Shiragami Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia

Fuelization of Italian ryegrass and Napier grass was examined by the combination of biological treatments and photocatalytic reforming (photo-Reform). The alkali-pretreated Italian ryegrass and Napier grass were subjected to the enzymatic saccharification using cellulase and xylanase. Xylose and glucose were produced in 56.6% and 71.1% from Italian ryegrass and in 49.5% and 67.3% from Napier grass, respectively. Xylose and glucose were converted to hydrogen by the photo-Reform using a Pt-loaded titanium oxide (Pt/TiO2) under UV irradiation. Moreover, a low-moisture anhydrous ammonia (LMAA) pretreatment was performed for Italian ryegrass and Napier grass by keeping moist powdered biomass under NH3 gas atmosphere at room temperature for four weeks. The Italian ryegrass and Napier grass which were pretreated by LMAA method were subjected to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using a mixture of cellulase and xylanase as well as Saccharomyces cerevisiae in acetate buffer (pH 5.0). Ethanol and xylose were produced in 91.6% and 51.6% from LMAA-pretreated Italian ryegrass and 78.6% and 68.8% from Napier grass, respectively. After the evaporation of ethanol, xylose was converted to hydrogen by the photo-Reform. In the case of saccharification→photo-Reform, energy was recovered as hydrogen from the alkali-pretreated Italian ryegrass and Napier grass in 71.9% and 77.0% of energy recovery efficiency, respectively. In the case of SSF→photo-Reform, the energy was recovered in 82.7% and 77.2% as ethanol and hydrogen from the LMAA-pretreated Italian ryegrass and Napier grass, respectively.

关键词： Italian Ryegrass Napier Grass Hydrolytic Enzyme Saccharification Simultaneous Saccharification

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Ductility improvement methods for commercial AZ31B magnesium alloy in cold forging

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第7期20卷 1275-1281页

作者： ryo MATSUMOTO Division of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University1-3 MachikaneyamaToyonakaOsaka 560-8531Japan

In order to realize cold forging of magnesium alloys in practical application,some methods for ductility improvement of a commercial wrought AZ31B magnesium alloy(Mg-3%Al-1%Zn,mass fraction) at room temperature were *** effects of heat treatment before forging and hydrostatic pressure during forging on the ductility were investigated in cold upsetting and cup ***-temperature annealing was effective to reduce the degree of the texture anisotropy of the specimen,and it was found that the forging limit of the annealed specimen was improved in cold *** the other hand,cold cup forging of the annealed specimen was carried out with applying counter *** applying counter pressures of 100-200 MPa during forging,the critical punch stroke for forging limit of the specimen without crack was improved by 25%in punch stroke.

关键词： magnesium alloy forging forgeability heat treatment counter force finite element simulation

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A high-resolution climatic change since the Late Glacial Age inferred from multi-proxy of sediments in Qinghai Lake

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第6期48卷 742-751页

作者： ryo Matsumoto Geology Institute Tokyo University Tokyo 113 Japan

Based on multi-proxy analysis of pollen, carbonate, TOC, TN and δ13C of organic matters, a high-resolution climatic evolution of Qinghai Lake since the Late Glacial Age is recon-structed. The results indicate that the boundary between the Last Glacial Maximum and the Late Glacial Age is at about 18.2 *** BP. The warm and wet period, which began at about 15.4 *** BP, culminated at 7.4 *** BP and came to its end at about 4.5 *** BP. After that, the climate gradually became cold and dry. The multi-proxy analysis indicates that the climate fluc-tuated greatly during the transitional period from the Late glacial Age to the Holocene, and this is in good accordance with that reflected by deep sea cores of North Atlantic, ice cores of Greenland, lake sediments in Europe, loess sequences and Guliya ice core in China. The cli-matic evolutional characteristic of the Qinghai Lake since the Late Glacial Age shows that the driving force of the East-Asia Monsoon correlates with solar radiation on the ten-thousand-year scale.

关键词： Qinghai Lake, Late-Glacial Age to Holocene, multi-proxy analysis, high-resolution, palaeoclimate.

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Detection of small delamination in mullite/Si/SiC model EBC system by pulse thermography

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第3期8卷 438-447页

作者： Yutaro ARAI ryo INOUE Department of Materials Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science6-3-1NiijyukuKatsushika-kuTokyo125-8585Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo University of Science6-3-1NiijyukuKatsushika-kuTokyo125-8585Japan

The pulse thermography(PT) technique was applied to the detection of the delamination of a multi-layered coating system composed of mullite/Si onto a reaction-bonded Si C substrate. The potential evaluation was carried out in order to detect internal delamination in multi-layered material system. Moreover, the observation of the cross sections and 3D views obtained by X-ray computed tomography(CT) indicated that the delamination occurred at the interface between the top coat and the bond coat layers. The changes in the temperature distribution obtained by PT indicated the existence of a delamination area in the top coat layer of the mullite. In particular, the lower temperature region corresponded to the delamination area. The experimental results confirmed that the PT technique is effective with respect to the internal delamination of multi-layered coating system.

关键词： environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) delamination pulse thermography (PT) multi-layer image processing

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Explainable artificial intelligence and interpretable machine learning for agricultural data analysis

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2022年第1期6卷 257-265页

作者： Masahiro ryo Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research(ZALF) Eberswalder Str.8415374 MünchebergGermany Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg Platz der Deutschen Einheit 103046 CottbusGermany

Artificial intelligence and machine learning have been increasingly applied for prediction in agricultural ***,many models are typically black boxes,meaning we cannot explain what the models learned from the data and the reasons behind *** address this issue,I introduce an emerging subdomain of artificial intelligence,explainable artificial intelligence(XAI),and associated toolkits,interpretable machine *** study demonstrates the usefulness of several methods by applying them to an openly available *** dataset includes the no-tillage effect on crop yield relative to conventional tillage and soil,climate,and management *** analysis discovered that no-tillage management can increase maize crop yield where yield in conventional tillage is<5000 kg/ha and the maximum temperature is higher than 32°.These methods are useful to answer(i)which variables are important for prediction in regression/classification,(ii)which variable interactions are important for prediction,(iii)how important variables and their interactions are associated with the response variable,(iv)what are the reasons underlying a predicted value for a certain instance,and(v)whether different machine learning algorithms offer the same answer to these questions.I argue that the goodness of model fit is overly evaluated with model performance measures in the current practice,while these questions are *** and interpretable machine learning can enhance trust and explainability in AI.

关键词： Interpretable machine learning Explainable artificial intelligence Agriculture Crop yield No-tillage XAI

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Three-dimensional crystal defect imaging by STEM depth sectioning

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 2-7页

作者： ryo Ishikawa Naoya Shibata Yuichi Ikuhara Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of TokyoBunkyoTokyo 113-8656Japan

One of the major innovations awaiting in electron microscopy is full three-dimensional imaging at atomic *** the success of aberration correction to deep sub-angstrom lateral resolution,spatial resolution in depth is still far from atomic *** scanning transmission electron microscopy(STEM),this poor depth resolution is due to the limitation of the illumination *** overcome this physical limitation,it is essential to implement a next-generation aberration corrector in STEM that can significantly improve the depth *** review discusses the capability of depth sectioning for three-dimensional imaging combined with large-angle illumination ***,the statistical analysis approach remarkably improves the depth resolution,making it possible to achieve three-dimensional atomic resolution imaging at oxide *** will also discuss the future prospects of three-dimensional imaging at atomic resolution by STEM depth sectioning.

关键词： atomic-resolution STEM STEM depth sectioning depth resolution dopants surface topography

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Challenges for beyond 5G:ultra-densification of radio access network

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通信学报 2020年第11期41卷 1-11页

作者： Fumiyuki Adachi ryo Takahashi Hidenori Matsuo Research Organization of Electrical Communication Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan

Ultra-densification of radio access network(RAN)is a key to efficiently support the exponentially growing mobile data traffic in 5 G ***,extremely high frequency band like mm Wave band was utilized to solve the bandwidth shortage ***,untra-dense reusing the same radio resource produced severe *** the mm Wave link was very harsh due to frequent blockage by *** a new RAN architecture needed to be introduced to realize ultra-reliable communications in such a severe radio propagation *** architecture of distributed MIMO based RAN was ***,enhanced interference coordination(e IC)was ***,the effectiveness of distributed MIMO based RAN with e IC by computer simulation was showed.

关键词： 5G advanced systems distributed MIMO radio access network interference coordination cooperative signal transmission

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Epigenetic Programming： The Challenge to Species Hybridization

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 589-599页

作者： ryo Ishikawa Tetsu Kinoshita Plant Reproductive Genetics GCOE Research Group Graduate School of Biological Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama IkomaNara 630-0192 Japan

In many organisms, the genomes of individual species are isolated by a range of reproductive barriers that act before or after fertilization. Successful mating between species results in the presence of different genomes within a cell （hybridization）, which can lead to incompatibility in cellular events due to adverse genetic interactions. In addition to such genetic interactions, recent studies have shown that the epigenetic control of the genome, silencing of transposons, control of non-additive gene expression and genomic imprinting might also contribute to reproductive barriers in plant and animal species. These genetic and epigenetic mechanisms play a significant role in the prevention of gene flow between species. In this review, we focus on aspects of epigenetic control related to hybrid incompatibility during species hybrid- ization, and also consider key mechanism（s） in the interaction between different genomes.

关键词： Endosperm epigenetics genomic imprinting species hybridization transposon.

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Is resilience socially emerging or embedded?A review of“resilience”under climate change in Sri Lanka

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第4期2卷 258-266页

作者： ryo Tsuchida Shutaro Takeda Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan

Since the advent of a new academic regime that examines the nexus of humans and water,resilience studies of the coevolution of human-water systems have advanced rapidly because of the climate ***,the concept of resilience poses a new social *** study analyzes the gap in resilience studies through a Sri Lankan water-related disaster research ***,the authors discuss the potential and challenges for resilience evolution under climate change in Sri *** the nuance of resilience,the review showed that resilience is complementarily emerging and embedded in culture and society,such as traditional knowledge and local history,and from scientific research-oriented translation and wide international policy view in *** is the accumulation of stable states and supporting mechanisms found in the interaction between normal phases and emergencies in elements unique to the *** study suggests that it is critical to support the resilience and mechanisms of the whole and each layer,leveraging the diverse and sustainable livelihoods in the Sri Lankan context against climate change.

关键词： Resilience Climate change Water-related disasters Adaptation Sri Lanka

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Study of older male drivers’driving stress compared with that of young male drivers

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第4期7卷 467-481页

作者： Yannmq Zhao Toshiyuki Yamamoto ryo Kanamori Department of Civil Engineering Nagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8603Japan Institute 0f Materials and Systems for Sustainability Nagoya UniuersityNagoya 464-8603Japan Institute of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8603Japan

In this study,older male drivers’stress while driving in straight links and while proceeding through intersections is *** area network(CAN),self-reported stress(SRS),and physiological data was collected in 22.4 km-long experimental trips among older and young ***,this study finds that older drivers reported much less stress than young ***,principal components(PCs)of the physiological data demonstrate that older drivers might underrate their driving stress in entire trips,except regarding turning at ***,following other vehicles reduced older drivers’driving stress because preceding vehicles might help them control driving speed,detect the path,and prevent road *** contrast,the similar condition increased the stress level of young *** results of random effects regression models confirm that age was the significant impact factor on SRS and physiological *** examining whether the stress at intersections could affect their driving behaviors,significant difference between two age groups was found neither in turning time nor in the driving *** study also confirms that physical and mental changes with aging can negatively affect older adults’*** the relationships among stress,speed,and accidents,we suggest the provision of more driver assistance systems,training,and education and improving intersection design for older drivers.

关键词： Driving behavior Driving stress Older driver Intersection Straight road

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