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Pre-Lung transplant reflux testing demonstrates high prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in cystic fibrosis and reduces chronic rejection risk

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World journal of Transplantation 2023年第4期13卷 138-146页

作者： Wai-Kit Lo ryan Flanagan Nirmal Sharma Hilary j Goldberg Walter W Chan Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and EndoscopyBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux(GER)has been associated with poor outcomes after lung transplantation for chronic lung disease,including increased risk of chronic *** is common in cystic fibrosis(CF),but factors influencing the likelihood of pre-transplant pH testing,and the impact of testing on clinical management and transplant outcomes in patients with CF are *** To evaluate the role of pre-transplant reflux testing in the evaluation of lung transplant candidates with *** This was a retrospective study from 2007-2019 at a tertiary medical center that included all patients with CF undergoing lung *** with pretransplant anti-reflux surgery were *** characteristics(age at transplantation,gender,race,body mass index),self-reported GER symptoms prior to transplantation,and pre-transplant cardiopulmonary testing results,were *** testing consisted of either 24-h pH-or combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH ***-transplant care included a standard immunosuppressive regimen,and regular surveillance bronchoscopy and pulmonary spirometry in accordance with institutional practice as well as in symptomatic *** primary outcome of chronic lung allograft dysfunction(CLAD)was defined clinically and histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation *** analysis was performed with Fisher’s exact test to assess differences between cohorts,and time-to-event Cox proportional hazards *** After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,a total of 60 patients were included in the *** all CF patients,41(68.3%)completed reflux monitoring as part of pre-lung transplant *** evidence of pathologic reflux,defined as acid exposure time>4%,was found in 24 subjects,representing 58%of the tested *** patients with pre-transplant reflux testing were older(35.8 vs 30.1 years,P=0.01)and more commonly reported typical

关键词： Cystic fibrosis Gastroesophageal reflux Lung transplantation pH monitoring

Correlation of stress radiographs to injuries associated with lateral ankle instability

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World journal of Orthopedics 2021年第9期12卷 710-719页

作者： joshua W Sy Andrew j Lopez Gregory E Lausé j Banks Deal Michael B Lustik Paul M ryan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tripler Army Medical CenterHonoluluHI 96859United States Department of Statistics Tripler Army Medical CenterHonoluluHI 96859United States

BACKGROUND Stress radiographs have demonstrated superior efficacy in the evaluation of ankle *** To determine if there is a degree of instability evidenced by stress radiographs that is associated with pathology concomitant with ankle ligamentous *** A retrospective review of 87 consecutive patients aged 18-74 who had stress radiographs performed at a single institution between 2014 and 2020 was *** manual radiographic stress views were then correlated with magnetic resonance imaging and operative *** A statistically significant association was determined for the mean and median stress radiographic values and the presence of peroneal pathology(P=0.008 for tendonitis and P=0.020 for peroneal tendon tears).A significant inverse relationship was found between the presence of an osteochondral defect and increasing degrees of instability(P=0.043).CONCLUSION Although valuable in the clinical evaluation of ankle instability,stress radiographs are not an independent predictor of conditions associated with ankle in-stability.

关键词： Ankle stress radiographs Lateral ankle instability Osteochondral defect Arthroscopy Peroneal tendinopathy

A creative method to tune Fe–O interaction in ferrites

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先进陶瓷(英文) 2023年第8期12卷 1612-1624页

作者： Farshad Farshidfar Arash Fattahi Ralf Brüning Dominic H.ryan Khashayar Ghandi Department of Chemistry University of GuelphGuelph N1G 2W1Canada Physics Department Mount Allison UniversitySackville E4L 1E6Canada Physics Department McGill UniversityMontreal H3A 2T8Canada

To be able to regulate the anionic oxygen position in ferrites,an original compositing method is developed by introducing a porous p-type phase in the n-type matrix of ferrite spinel semiconductors.A result of this method is the synergetic effect of the enhanced mass and charge transport that impacted the morphology and anionic oxygen position within the MgFe_(2)O_(4) *** hypothesis is that fine tuning of the anionic oxygen position in ferrites allows us to regulate their physicochemical properties significantly,with the implications for diverse *** electron exchange interaction(j)between O-centered and octahedral-occupying iron(Fe)-centered orbitals affected both the electrical and magnetic properties of the matrix significantly,supporting our *** three-dimensional variable range electron hopping is one such effect.

关键词： Fe_(2)O_(4) spinel structural distortion electron hopping

Estimating potential harvestable biomass for bioenergy from sustainably managed private native forests in Southeast Queensland, Australia

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第1期5卷 62-76页

作者： michael r.ngugi victor j.neldner sean ryan tom lewis jiaorong li phillip norman michelle mogilski department of environment and sciencequeensland herbariumMt Coot-tha RoadToowongQld 4066Australia private forestry service queensland 8 Fraser RdGympieQld 4570Australa department of agriculture and fisheries university of sunshine coastSippy DownsQld 4556Australia department of environment and science soil and land resources41 Boggo RoadDutton ParkQld 4102Australia university of queensland St LuciaQld 4072Australia

Background： Australia＇s energy future is at the crossroads and the role of renewable sources is in focus. Biomass from sustainably managed forests provide a significant opportunity for electricity and heat generation and production of liquid fuels. Australia has extensive native forests of which a significant proportion are on private land. However, there is limited knowledge on the potential capacity of this resource to contribute to the expansion of a biomass for bioenergy industry. In addition, there are concerns on how to reconcile biomass harvesting with environmental protection. Methods： We used regional ecosystem vegetation mapping for Queensland to stratify harvestable forests within the 1.8 m hectares of private native forests present in the Southeast Queensland bioregion in 2014. We used a dataset of 52,620 individual tree measurements from 541 forest inventory plots collected over the last 10 years. Tree biomass was estimated using current biomass allometric equations for Australia. Biomass potentially available from selective sawlog harvesting and silvicultural treatment across the bioregion was calculated and mapped. Results： Current sawlog harvesting extracts 41.4% of the standing tree biomass and a biomass for bioenergy harvest would retain on average 36% of felled tree biomass on site for the protection of environmental and fauna habitat values. The estimated area extent of harvestable private native forests in the bioregion in 2013 was 888,000 ha and estimated available biomass for bioenergy in living trees was 13.6 million tonnes （t）. The spotted gum （Corymbio citriodora subsp, variegata） forests were the most extensive, covering an area of 379,823 ha and with a biomass for bioenergy yield of 14.2 t-ha-1 （with approximately 11.2 ***-1 of the biomass harvested from silvicultural thinning and 3 ***-1 recovered from sawlog harvest residual）. Conclusions： Silvicultural treatment of private native forests in the Southeast Queensland bioregion, has the

关键词： Renewable energy Forest biomass Woody biomass Native forests Silvicultural management Biomassretention Biobased

Validation of a radioimmunoassay-based fecal corticosteroid assay for Richardson＇s ground squirrels Urocitellus richardsonii and behavioural correlates of stress

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 591-601页

作者： james F. HARE Calen R ryan Chris ENRIGHT Laura E. GARDINER Lindsay j SKYNER Charlene N. BERKVENS W. Gary ANDERSON Department of Biological Sciences University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2N2 Assiniboine Park Zoo Winnipeg MB Canada R3R 2N7 Present Address: School of Applied Science Bay of Plenty Polytechnic Tauranga 3112 New Zealand

We validated a radioimmunoassay-based method quantifying fecal glucocorticoid metabolites （FGMs） from captive male and female Richardson＇s ground squirrels Urocitellus richardsonii. Blood samples were drawn to explore the correlation between plasma cortisol and FGM concentrations. We also injected groups of squirrels with normal saline （CTL; control）, adre- nocorticotropic hormone （ACTH; stimulating adrenal activity）, or dexamethasone （DEX; suppressing adrenal activity）. Potential correlations between stress and behaviour were explored through quantification of fecal pellet production and the intervention necessary to elicit defecation, as well as the behaviour of subjects in the context of handling. Changes in plasma cortisol concen- tration between capture （baseline）, and following handling （stress-induced） were also quantified for free-living squirrels. While glucocorticoid concentrations recovered from feces during our captive-animal study were not well correlated with plasma eortisol concentrations, and uncorrelated with defecation or behaviour, FGM concentrations did reflect the activation of the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal （HPA） axis. FGM concentrations increased significantly during initial captivity, but declined to baseline level as individuals acclimated to the novel environment. Injection of subjects with ACTH increased FGMs above baseline, confirming activation of the HPA axis. Plasma cortisol concentrations increased significantly with induced stress, indicating that capture and handling activated the glucocorticoid stress response even among previously handled, free-living subjects. Our findings validate a non-invasive tool that will afford new insight into the physiological processes underlying social, reproductive and antipredator behaviour of Richardson＇s ground squirrels [Current Zoology 60 （5）： 591-601, 2014 ].

关键词： Stress Corticosteroids Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites Radioimmunoassay Richardson's ground squirrels

Bisphenol A exposure alters release of immune and developmental modulators and expression of estrogen receptors in human fetal lung fibroblasts

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第10期28卷 11-23页

作者： Laziyan Mahemuti Qixuan Chen Melanie C. Coughlan Min Zhang Maria Florian ryan j Mailloux Xu-Liang Cao Kylie A. Scoggan William G. Willmore Xiaolei jin Regulatory Toxicology Research Division Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate HPFB Health Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Food Research Division Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate HPFB Health Canada Ontario Canada Nutrition Research Division Bureau of Nutritional Sciences Food Directorate HPFB Heakh Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Sector Strategies Division Risk Management Bureau Safe Environments Directorate HECSB Health Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada Institute of Biochemistry Departments of Biology and Chemistry Carleton University Ottawa Ontario Canada

Bisphenol A （BPA） has been shown to exert biological effects through estrogen receptor （ER）-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA may increase the risk of childhood asthma. To investigate the underlying mechanisms in the actions of BPA, human fetal lung fibroblasts {hFLFs） were exposed to varying doses of BPA in culture for 24 hr. Effects of BPA on localization and uptake of BPA, cell viability, release of immune and developmental modulators, cellular localization and expression of ERa, ERβ and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 （GPR30）, and effects of ERs antagonists on BPA-induced changes in endothelin-1 （ET-1） release were examined. BPA at 0.01-100 μmol/L caused no changes in cell viability after 24 hr of exposure, hFLFs expresses all three ERs. BPA had no effects on either cellular distribution or protein expression of ERa, however, at 100 μmol/L （or 23 μmol/L intracellular BPA） increased ERβ protein levels in the cytoplasmic fractions and GPR30 protein levels in the nuclear fractions. These paralleled with increased release of growth differentiation factor-15, decreased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B p65 at serine 536, and decreased release of ET-1, interleukin-6, and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. ERs antagonists had no effects on BPA-induced decrease in ET-1 release. These data suggest that BPA at 100 μmol/L altered the release of immune and developmental modulators in hFLFs, which may negatively influence fetal lung development, maturation, and susceptibility to environmental stressors, although the role of BPA in childhood asthma remains to be confirmed in in viuo studies.

关键词： Bisphenol AHuman fetal lung fibroblastsEstrogen receptorsAntagonistsCytokinesChemokinesImmune and developmentalmodulators

Assessing Social Vulnerability to Flood Hazards in the Dutch Province of Zeeland

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第2期10卷 233-243页

作者： ryan H.Kirby Margaret A.Reams Nina S.N.Lam Lei Zou Gerben G.j.Dekker D.Q.P.Fundter Department of Environmental Sciences Louisiana StateUniversityBaton RougeLA70803USA Climate Studies Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen6708PBGelderlandThe Netherlands Delta Management University of Applied SciencesVlissingen4382NWZeelandThe Netherlands

The 2007 European Union Floods Directive encouraged member nations to pursue a more integrated view of flood risks and management strategies, taking into account social vulnerabilities of residents. To date, most flood-risk analyses conducted by the Dutch government have focused on physical risk. This study utilizes fine-scale data to construct a social vulnerability index for 147 districts of the Dutch province of Zeeland, located in the Southwestern Delta and the scene of widespread devastation following the 1953 North Sea Flood. Factor analysis of 25 indicators of social vulnerability selected from related research in Europe and the United States results in seven factors explaining roughly 66% of the total variance. These factors of social vulnerability in Zeeland are urban density,low-income households, recent population change, female gender, train access, and self-employed and service-sector employment. The index was constructed using the toploading variable in each of these factors, with weights determined by the variance explained by each *** range from a low of 0.20 in Schore, municipality of Kapelle, to the highest score of 0.64 in Oudelandse Hoeve of Terneuzen. The most vulnerable districts are located in South Zeeland, with eight of the 10 found in *** majority of less vulnerable districts are located in Zeeland’s central region.

关键词： Factor analysis Flood hazards Netherlands Social vulnerability index Southwest Delta Zeeland

Simulation of an Antimatter Beam Core Engine for Space Travel

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journal of Modern Physics 2019年第11期10卷 1353-1363页

作者： Matthew Dubiel ryan j. Hooper Department of Physics Lewis University Romeoville Illinois USA

An exciting prospect is the use of antimatter as a fuel source due to its ability to convert mass energy to kinetic energy. Upon annihilation of antimatter with matter, tremendous amounts of energy are carried away by charged and neutral particles. By redirecting the charged particles through an exhaust using a non-uniform magnetic field, an impulse can be generated capable of supplying thrust to an engine. Using the Geant 4 simulation toolkit developed by CERN, we simulate this process using a beam core engine design. By analyzing charged pions that result from antiproton-proton annihilation, we optimize the engine parameters and derive a specific impulse for antiproton fuel as used in the beam core configuration. A specific impulse of (2.49 ± 0.08) × 106 s was determined. This value is significantly higher than specific impulses of current chemical rocket fuels which range from 240 - 400 s.

关键词： Antimatter Antiproton Annihilation Space Travel Geant4

Reversible lithium storage in sp^(2) hydrocarbon frameworks

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第3期31卷 161-167,I0006页

作者： Zhangxiang Hao junrun Feng Yiyun Liu Liqun Kang Bolun Wang junwen Gu Lin Sheng Ruoyu Xu Sushila Marlow Dan j.L.Brett Yunhui Huang Feng ryan Wang Materials and Catalysis Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Electrochemical Innovation Lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom Department of Chemistry University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUnited Kingdom

Polymer materials offer controllable structure-dependent performances in separation,catalysis and drug *** molecular structures can be precisely tailored to accept Li^(+)for energy storage *** the design of sp^(2)carbon-based polyphenylene(PPH)with high lithium-ion uptakes and long-term stability is ***-PPH(L-PPH)exceeds the performance of crosslink-PPH(C-PPH),due to the fact that it has an ordered lamellar structure,promoting the Li^(+)intercalation/deintercalation *** L-PPH cell shows a clear charge and discharge plateau at 0.35 and 0.15 V ***^(+)/Li,respectively,which is absent in the C-PPH *** Li^(+)storage capacity of L-PPH is five times that of the *** reversible storage capacity is further improved to 261 m Ah g;by functionalizing the L-PPH with the–SO_(3)H *** addition,the Li-intercalated structures of C-PPH and L-PPH are investigated via near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS),suggesting the high reversible Li^(+)–C=C bond interaction at *** strategy,based on new insight into sp^(2)functional groups,is the first step toward a molecular understanding of the structure storage-capacity relationship in sp^(2)carbon-based polymer.

关键词： Lithium-ions battery Organic anode Topological structure sp^(2)hydrocarbon