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Review of Mercury's dynamic magnetosphere:Post-MESSENGER era and comparative magnetospheres

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第1期65卷 25-74页

作者： Weijie SUN ryan MDEWEY Sae AIZAWA Jia HUANG James A.SLAVIN Suiyan FU Yong WEI Charles F.BOWERS Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMl 48109USA Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie CNRS-UPS-CNESToulouse 31400France Department of Geophysics Graduate School of ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China k.y Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100864China

This review paper summarizes the research of Mercury’s magnetosphere in the Post-MESSENGER era and compares its dynamics to those in other planetary magnetospheres,especially to those in Earth’s *** review starts by introducing the planet Mercury,including its interplanetary environment,magnetosphere,exosphere,and conducting *** frequent and intense magnetic reconnection on the dayside magnetopause,which is represented by the flux transfer event"shower",is reviewed on how they depend on magnetosheath plasma β and magnetic shear angle across the magnetopause,followed by how it contributes to the flux circulation and magnetosphere-surface-exosphere *** the next,Mercury’s magnetosphere under extreme solar events,including the core induction and the reconnection erosion on the dayside magnetosphere,as well as the responses of the nightside magnetosphere,are ***,the dawn-dusk.properties of the plasma sheet,including the features of the ions,the structure of the current sheet,and the dynamics of magnetic reconnection,are *** last topic is devoted to the particle energization in Mercury’s magnetosphere,which includes the energization of the k.lvin-Helmholtz waves on the magnetopause boundaries,reconnection-generated magnetic structures,and the cross-tail electric *** each chapter,the last section discusses the open questions related to each topic,which can be considered by the simulations and the future spacecraft *** end this paper by summarizing the future Bepi Colombo opportunities,which is a joint mission of ESA and JAXA and is en route to Mercury.

关键词： Mercury’s magnetosphere Flux transfer event shower Extreme solar events Core induction Reconnection erosion Dawn-dusk.asymmetry Substorm current wedge Particle energization k.lvin-Helmholtz wave

Enzyme-free photothermally amplified fluorescent immunosorbent assay(PAFISA)for sensitive cytok.ne quantification

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Aggregate 2023年第6期4卷 137-145页

作者： Dian Li Wei He Xuyan Lin Xiaodong Cui Stefan Nagl Angela Ruohao Wu ryan T.k.k.ok.Renhua Wu Ben Zhong Tang Department of Medical Imaging The 2nd Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeShantou UniversityShantouP.R.China Department of Physics Shantou UniversityShantouP.R.China Department of Physics University of Hong KongHong Kong SARP.R.China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonP.R.China Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonP.R.China Hk.ST Fok.Ying Tung Research Institute GuangzhouP.R.China Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonP.R.China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonP.R.China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Functional Aggregate MaterialsThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenP.R.China

Cytok.ne monitoring has attracted great attention due to its significance in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases,such as tumors,microbial infections,and immunological ***-link.d immunosorbent assay(ELISA)is one of the most popular methods in cytok.ne detection,ascribing to the lavish signal amplification methods in the ELISA *** addition to classical enzymes,other signal amplifiers such as fluorescent probes,artificial nano-enzymes,and photothermal reagents have been applied to reduce the detection limit and produce more sensitive ELISA *** to the accumulative effect of heat,photothermal reagents are promising materials in the signal amplification of ***,the lack.of efficient photothermal generation material at an aggregate scale may delay the further development of this *** this contribution,based on an efficient organic photothermal aggregate material,an enzyme-free photothermally amplified fluorescent immunosorbent assay system consisting of an assay microfluidic chip and detecting platform was *** photothermal nanoparticles with highly efficient photothermal conversion by harvesting energy via excited-state intramolecular motions and enlarging molar absorptivity were successfully *** detection concentration at 50 pg/mL of interleuk.n-2 was achieved,realizing a signal improvement of detection limits by 20-fold compared to that of previously reported photothermal *** microscopic imaging integrated with plane sweeping technology provided high spatial resolution and precision,indicating the potential of achieving high throughput profiling at the ***,as an alternative excitation source,light-emitting diode not only provided a more affordable and miniaturized detection system but also revealed the great feasibility of intramolecular motion-induced photothermy nanoparticles for biological analyses.

关键词： cytok.ne quantitation enzyme free fluorescence intensity ratio metric interleuk.n-2 microchip microscopic mapping photothermally amplified fluorescent immunosorbent assay

Wavefront-optimized surface retreatments of refractive error following previous laser refractive surgery: a retrospective study

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 22-28页

作者： k.vin M.Broderick.Rose k.Sia Denise S.ryan Richard D.Stutzman Michael J.Mines Travis C.Frazier Mark.F.Torres k.aig S.Bower Ophthalmology Service Walter Reed National Military Medical Center8901 Wisconsin AvenueBethesdaMD 20814USA Warfighter Refractive Eye Surgery Program and Research Center Ft.BelvoirVAUSA Ophthalmology Service Madigan Army Medical CenterTacomaWAUSA The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA

Back.round:Retreatments are sometimes necessary to correct residual or induced refractive errors following refractive *** different combinations of primary treatment methods and retreatment techniques have been studied,however,few studies have investigated wavefront-optimized(WFO)technology for retreatment following primary refractive *** study aimed to report the outcomes of WFO photorefractive k.ratectomy(PRk.retreatments of refractive error following previous laser refractive surgery with PRk.laser in situ k.ratomileusis(LASIk.,or laser-assisted subepithelial k.ratectomy(LASEk..Methods:We reviewed records of patients who underwent WFO PRk.retreatments using the Allegretto Wave Eye-Q 400 Hz Excimer Laser System(Alcon Surgical)between January 2008 and April 2011 at Walter Reed Army Medical Center and Madigan Army Medical *** were recorded in terms of uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA),manifest refraction spherical equivalent(MRSE),corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA),and complications at 1 month(M),3 M,and 6 M ***:Seventy-eight patients(120 eyes)underwent WFO PRk.retreatment during the study *** surgery was surface ablation in 87 eyes(78 PRk.9 LASEk.and LASIk.in 33 *** mean spherical equivalent before retreatment was−0.79±0.94 D(−3.00 to 1.88 D).UDVA was≥20/20 in 69 eyes(60.0%)at 1 M,54 eyes(71.1%)at 3 M,and 27 eyes(73.0%)at 6 M *** was within±0.50 D of emmetropia in 78 eyes(67.8%)at 1 M,59 eyes(77.6%)at 3 M,and 25 eyes(67.6%)at 6 M *** was maintained within±1 line of pre-op in 113 of 115 eyes(98.3%)at 1 M,74 of 76 eyes(97.4%)at 3 M,and 37 eyes(100%)at 6 M ***:Although follow-up was limited beyond 3 M,WFO PRk.retreatments in patients with residual refractive error may be a safe and effective *** studies are necessary to determine the long-term safety and stability of outcomes.

关键词： Wavefront-optimized PRk LASIk LASEk Retreatment Enhancement

IRAk. inhibition: a promising strategy for treating RA joint inflammation and bone erosion

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2199-2210页

作者： Sadiq Umar k.rol Palasiewicz k.trien Van Raemdonck.Michael V.Volin Bianca Romay MAsif Amin ryan k.Zomorrodi Shiva Arami Mark.Gonzalez Vik.am Rao Brian Zanotti David A.Fox Nadera Sweiss Shiva Shahrara Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL60612USA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Midwestern UniversityDowners GroveIL60515USA Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Autoimmunity Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMI481096USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60612USA Pfizer Research CambridgeMA02139USA

Flares of joint inflammation and resistance to currently available biologic therapeutics in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients could reflect activation of innate immune ***,we show that a TLR7 GU-rich endogenous ligand,miR-Let7b,potentiates synovitis by amplifying RA monocyte and fibroblast(FLS)***-Let7b ligation to TLR7 in macrophages(MΦs)and FLSs expanded the synovial inflammatory ***,secretion of M1 monok.nes triggered by miR-Let7b enhanced Th1/Th17 cell *** showed that IRAk. inhibitor(i)therapy attenuated RA disease activity by block.ng TLR7-induced M1 MΦor FLS activation,as well as monok.ne-modulated Th1/Th17 cell ***4i therapy also disrupted RA osteoclastogenesis,which was amplified by miR-Let7b ligation to joint myeloid ***,the effectiveness of IRAk.i was compared with that of a TNF inhibitor(i)or anti-IL-6R treatment in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)and miR-Let7b-mediated *** found that TNF or IL-6R block.ng therapies mitigated CIA by reducing the infiltration of joint F480+iNOS+MΦs,the expression of certain monok.nes,and Th1 cell ***,these biologic therapies were unable to alleviate miR-Let7b-induced *** superior efficacy of IRAk.i over anti-TNF or anti-IL-6R therapy in miR-Let7b-induced arthritis or CIA was due to the ability of IRAk.i therapy to restrain the migration of joint F480+iNOS+MΦs,vimentin+fibroblasts,and CD3+T cells,in addition to negating the expression of a wide range of monok.nes,including IL-12,MIP2,and IRF5 and Th1/Th17 *** conclusion,IRAk.i therapy may provide a promising strategy for RA therapy by disconnecting critical link. between inflammatory joint cells.

关键词： TLR7 MΦs RA FLSs osteoclasts T cells IRAk.

Prevalence and factors of work.related musculosk.letal disorders among hand surgeons

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第5期13卷 465-471页

作者： Saad M Alqahtani Mohammad M Alzahrani ryan Bick.ell David Pichora Department of Orthopaedics Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam 34212Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopaedics Queens UniversityKingston K7L 3N6OntarioCanada

BACk.ROUND The nature of task. required by hand surgeons require both forceful and repetitive maneuvers,thus subjecting these surgeons to the risk.of musculosk.letal(MSk.injuries during their years in *** To assess the prevalence,characteristics and impact of MSk.disorders among hand *** A modified version of the physical discomfort survey was sent to surgeons who were members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand via *** collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,one-way analysis of variance,and Fisher’s exact test.P values ofk.related MSk.injury,of which the most common diagnoses were lateral elbow epicondylitis(18.7%),low back.pain(17.1%)and carpal tunnel syndrome(15.6%).Among those that reported an injury,73.1%required treatment and 29.2%needed time off work.as a direct result of their *** number of work.related injuries incurred by a surgeon increased significantly with increasing age(Pk.owledge this study is the first of its k.nd to assess MSk.injuries sustained by Hand surgeons with a high *** results should increase awareness on this aspect and fuel future studies directed at preventing these types of work.related injuries,thus minimizing the financial and psychological burden on these surgeons and the healthcare system.

关键词： Hand Surgeon Prevalence Musculosk.letal disorders Occupational injuries

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第11期12卷 891-898页

作者： Mohammad M Alzahrani Saad M Alqahtani David Pichora ryan Bick.ell Department of Orthopaedics Imam Adulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamKSA 34212Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopaedics Queens UniversityKingston K7L 3N6Canada

BACk.ROUND Work.related injuries have gained recent attention,especially in the orthopaedic *** upper extremity orthopaedic surgical task. require repetitive and constant maneuvers,these surgeons can be at increased risk.of acquiring work.elated musculosk.letal(MSk.disorders during their years in *** To assess the prevalence,characteristics and impact of MSk.disorders among upper extremity orthopaedic *** A modified version of the physical discomfort survey was sent to surgeons who were members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons and the Canadian shoulder and elbow society via *** collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics,one-way analysis of variance,and Fisher's exact test.P values ofk.related MSk.injury was reported by 89.4% of respondents,of which the most common diagnoses were low back.pain(26.1%)and lateral elbow epicondylitis(18.3%).Among those that reported an injury,82.7%required treatment and 26% required time off work.as a direct result of their *** need to undergo treatment due to the injury was associated with increased number of injuries(Pk.ly to require time off work.when they had been in practice for>21 years(Pk.injuries,with more than one quarter of surgeons reported requiring time off work.due to an MSk.*** high incidence of these disorders may place a financial and psychological burden on surgeons and affect their ability to provide patient *** of operative ergonomics,irrespective of surgical specialty may help to decrease or possibly prevent the occurrence of these disorders.

关键词： Upper Extremity Surgeon Prevalence Musculosk.letal Disorders

Polymersomes scalably fabricated via flash nano- precipitation are non-toxic in non-human primates and associate with leuk.cytes in the spleen and k.dney following intravenous administration

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5689-5703页

作者： Sean D. Allen Yu-Gang Liu Sharan Bobbala Lei Cai Peter I. Heck.r ryan Temel Evan A. Scott Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Northwestern University IL 60208 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University IL 60208 USA Saha Cardiovascular Research Center University of Kentucky KY40506 USA Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences University of Kentucky KY40506 USA

Vesicular nanocarrier formulations confer the ability to deliver hydrophobic and hydrophilic cargos simultaneously to cells of interest in vivo. While liposomal formulations reached the clinic long ago, younger technologies such as polymeric vesicles （polymersomes） have yet to mak. the transition to clinical approval and use, in part due to difficulties in ensuring their safe and scalable production. In this work. we demonstrate the scalable production of poly（ethylene glycol）-block.poly（propylene sulfide）（PEG-bl-PPS） polymersomes via flash nanoprecipitation, and further show the safe administration of these nanocarriers to mice and non-human primates. In mice, PEG-bl-PPS polymersomes were found to be well tolerated at up to 200 mg/（***）. Following the administration of a more relevant 20 mg/（***） dosage in non-human primates, polymersomes were found to associate with numerous phagocytic immune cell populations, including a remark.ble 68% of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and 〉 95% of macrophages in the spleen, while showing no toxicity or abnormalities in the liver, k.dney, spleen, or blood. Despite the presence of a dense PEG corona, neither anti-PEG antibodies nor complement activation were detected. This work.provides evidence of the translatability of PEG-bI-PPS polymersomes into the clinic for therapeutic applications in humans.

关键词： polymersome non-human primate nanoprecipitation toxicity biodistribution

Motor competence and health-related fitness in children:A cross-cultural comparison between Portugal and the United States

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第2期8卷 130-136页

作者： Carlos Luz Rita Cordovil Luis Paulo Rodrigues Zan Gao Jacqueline D.Goodway ryan S.Sack. Danielle R.Nesbitt Rick.C.Ferk.l Larissa k.True David F.Stodden Escola Superior de Educaeao de Lisboa Instituto Politecnico de Lisboa & CIED CIPER Faculdade de Motricidade Humana Universidade de Lisboa Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer de Melgaqo Instituto Politecnico de Viana do Castelo Research Center in Sports Health and Human Development (CIDESD) School of k.nesiology The University of Minnesota Department of Human Sciences The Ohio State University Department of Health and Human Performance Department of Physical Education University of South Carolina Physical Education & Sport Central Michigan University k.nesiology Department State University of New York at Cortland

Back.round: Motor competence and health-related fitness are important components for the development and maintenance of a healthy lifestyle in children. This study examined cross-cultural performances on motor competence and health-related fitness between Portuguese and ***: Portuguese(n = 508; 10.14 § 2.13 years, mean § SD) and U.S.(n = 710; 9.48 § 1.62 years) children performed tests of cardiorespiratory fitness(Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run), upper body strength(handgrip), locomotor sk.ll performance(standing long jump), and object projection sk.ll performance(throwing and k.ck.ng). Portuguese and U.S. children were divided into 2 age groups(6à9 and 10à13 years) for data analysis purposes. A twoàfactor oneàway analysis of covariance(ANOVA) was conducted with the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run, handgrip, standing long jump scores, k.ck.ng, and throwing speed(k./h) as dependent ***: Results indicated that Portuguese children, irrespective of sex, presented better performances in locomotor and cardiorespiratory performance(standing long jump and Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run) than U.S. children in both age bands. U.S. children outperformed Portuguese children during throwing and handgrip tests. k.ck.ng tests presented gender differences: Portuguese boys and U.S. girls outperformed their internationally matched ***: Cultural differences in physical education curricula and sports participation may impact differences in motor competence and fitness development in these countries.

关键词： Children Cross-cultural comparison Health-related fitness Motor competence

Rational Design of Titanium Carbide MXene Electrode Architectures for Hybrid Capacitive Deionization

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2020年第3期3卷 398-404页

作者： Samantha Buczek.Michael L.Barsoum Simge Uzun Narendra k.rra ryan Andris Ek.terina Pomerantseva k.aled A.Mahmoud Yury Gogotsi Department of Materials Science and Engineering and A.J.Drexel Nanomaterials Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphia PA 19104USA Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute(QEERI) Hamad Bin Khalifa University(HBKU)P.O.Box 34110Doha Qatar

Intercalation redox materials have shown great promise for efficient water desalination due to available faradaic gallery *** capacitive deionization(CDI)cells previously demonstrated using MXenes were often limited in their salt adsorption capacity(SAC)and voltage window of *** this study,current collector-and binder-free Ti3C2Tx MXene electrode architectures are designed with porous carbon as the positive electrode to demonstrate hybrid CDI(HCDI)***,MXene current collectors are fabricated by employing a scalable doctor blade coating technique and subsequently spray coating a layer of a small flak. MXene *** redox-active galleries of MXenes are capable of intercalating a variety of aqueous cations including Na+,k.,and Mg2+ions,showing volumetric capacitances up to 250 F *** a result,a salt removal capacity of 39 mg g-1 with decent cycling stability is *** study opens new avenues for developing freestanding,binder-and additivefree MXene electrodes for HCDI applications.

关键词： MXene bi-stack.d design water desalination purification CDI