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Quiet in the nest:The nest environment attenuates song in a grassland songbird

Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 623-629页

作者： Sarah L.Dobney Mik.yla M.k.Bornais D.ryan Norris Amy E.M.Newman Heather Williams Stéphanie M.Doucet Daniel J.Mennill Department of Integrative Biology University of WindsorWindsorOntarioN9B 3P4Canada Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioN1G 2W1Canada Biology Department Williams CollegeWilliamstownMA01267USA

The nest environment may limit the ability of nest-bound birds to hear sounds from the outside *** vocal learning species,such as humans and songbirds,it is vital for young animals to hear the voices of conspecific animals early in *** songbirds,nest structure varies considerably across species,and the resulting impact on sound transmission may have consequences for vocal learning in *** this study,we tested the hypothesis that the nest environment attenuates song of Savannah Sparrows(Passerculus sandwichensis),grassland songbirds that build nests on the ground under cover of dense *** recorded live Savannah Sparrows singing at variable distances from 21 *** recorded songs using one microphone inside the nest(the typical position of a nestling)and another placed 1 m directly above the nest(a typical position of an adult).We found a substantial reduction in signal-to-noise ratio,where songs recorded inside the nest were an average of 11 dB lower than songs recorded directly above the *** estimate that the attenuation imposed by the nest reduced the maximum acoustic environment from 117.7 m(for recordings above the nest),to 78.6 m(for recordings within the nest),which is analogous to listening from a position 39.1 m farther away from the *** research estimated that song transmits up to 100 m in this species,so any adult male within 100 m of a young bird was previously considered a potential vocal *** reducing the nestling acoustic environment from 100 m to 78.6 m,the number of male tutors available to nestlings is reduced by an average of 27%.Given the growing evidence that song learning begins very early in life,future research on vocal development should account for how the structural properties of the natal environment affect the songs that nestlings hear.

关键词： Acoustic environment Nest environment Songbird Sound attenuation Vocal learning

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Color-Coding of Microchip RT-PCR Test System for SARS-CoV-2 Detection

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第5期9卷 94-119页

作者： Rajwant k. Gill Sik.nder S. Gill Irina Gelimson Maxim Slyadnev Gabriel Martinez Michelle Gaines ryan Nunley Timea Majoros Lumex Instruments Canada Mission BC Canada 1CARE Medical Diagnostics Benicia CA USA

An RT-PCR based microchip test system for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 offers pre-loaded and lyophilized reagents in the microchip. However, the 30- and 48-microwell formats of the microchip being miniaturized and performing 1.2 μl reaction, seek.visual attention during sample addition. Therefore, adding colorants as color indicator in the lyophilized matrix in the microchips or adding to sample or master mix can impart not only user-friendliness to the task.of liquid handling but also precision, and color-codes for easy identification of multiple k.ts in the layout of the microchip without compromising PCR data quality. A panel of colorants was screened for their back.round intensity, spectral inertness towards detection channels of AriaDNATM analyzer, interference with the reporter dyes (FAM, Cy5 and ROX), and visibility of optimal concentration in the microwell. The concentration of the colorant displaying insignificant impact on the quality of the amplification (Ct, fluorescence, and sensitivity) in comparison to no-colorant control was chosen for inclusion in the test k.t. Tartrazine, Acid Red, Brilliant Blue and FAST Green colorants lyophilized with the reagents in the SARS-CoV-2 microchips were found to be stable and suitable. Storage of microchips with Fast Green colorant was tested at 40°C, 22°C, 4°C, and -20°C for 70 days and was found to be suitable and compatible with different master mixes available as liquid or lyophilized. Additionally, the microchips pre-loaded with lyophilized reagents in the presence and absence of two colorants Tartrazine and Fast Green were validated with clinical samples of SARS-COV-2. No significant impact of these colorants both intra- and inter-microchips was observed on the Ct and intensity of amplification for the tested samples in comparison to no-colorant control. The data su

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Colorants Microchip PCR 2-Plex

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Adsorption of methane on biochar for emission reduction in oil and gas fields

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 290-301页

作者： Vivien Yoonhee k. Jinsheng Wang lan He David ryan Xiaojie Zhang Christopher Lan Natural Resources Canada CanmetENERGY1 Haanel Dr.OttawaON K1A 1M1Canada FPInnovations 2665 East MallVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Ottawa161 Louis Pasteur StreetOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

To contribute to the reduction of methane emissions,using low-cost biochar as adsorbents for capturing and storing methane in oil and gas fields is *** work.presents results of methane adsorption on four biochars made from forestry wastes in comparison with the results of three commercial activated *** the adsorption capacity of the biochars is lower by over 50%than that of the activated carbons,thelow-cost and potential environmental benefits provide the incentive to the ***,it is shown that biochar can store more methane than vessels of compressed gas up to the pressure of 75 bar,suggesting the possibility of avoiding high-pressure gas compression and heavy vessels for cost savings in oil and gas *** thermodynamic and k.netic behaviors of the adsorption are studied and implications for the targeted application are discussed.

关键词： Biochar Adsorbent Methane emissions Greenhouse gas reduction Adsorption behavior

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Validation of Microchip Based RT-PCR ABC Test (InfA/B &COVID-19) in Clinical Samples

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2022年第8期10卷 172-187页

作者： Gabriel Martinez ryan Nunley Michelle Gaines Timea Majoros Rajwant k. Gill Irina Gelimson Natallia Varank.vich Maxim Slyadnev Sik.nder S. Gill 1CARE Medical Diagnostics Benicia CA USA Lumex Instruments Canada Mission Canada

To contain the rapid and global spread of SARS-CoV-2, it is essential to develop an accurate and sensitive test system to address pandemic bottleneck., simplified sample collection, and no sample prep. While meeting the demand of testing large populations, the miniaturized volume of assay reagents and offering rapid results is the need in such scenarios. Moreover, in view of the reports of co-infections and overlapping symptoms of Influenza caused by Influenza A or Influenza B, and COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2, a test system with three targets can be supportive for accurate clinical diagnosis. In this presentation, we evaluated the performance of a test comprising Microchip RT-PCR Influenza and COVID-19 Detection System for identifying these three viral pathogens in nasal swabs and saliva specimens. A rapid and simplified total nucleic acid extraction method was developed and validated for the reliable, high-throughput simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses causing Influenza (type A and type B viruses) and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 virus) using the microchip-based AriaDNATM platform deriving the name ABC Test. The test system was evaluated using 81 nasal swab samples, 77 clinical saliva samples, 5 blind CAP reference samples, and RNA standards. The limit of detection (LoD) was assessed using SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A, and Influenza B RNA standards. The multiplex ABC Test microchip displayed LoD of 14 copies/μL for SARS-CoV-2 and approximately 26 copies/μL for Influenza A, and 140 copies/μL for Influenza B, respectively. The ABC Test offers rapid multiplex one-step RT-PCR in 32 minutes for 45 cycles as the miniaturized reaction of 1.2 μL offering a highly sensitive, robust, and accurate assay for the detection of Influenza A/B, and SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Influenza Multiplex Microchip PCR Nasal Swab and Saliva

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Calibration,validation,and evaluation of the Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model for hillslopes with natural runoff plot data

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 669-687页

作者： Shuyuan Wang ryan P.McGehee Tian Guo Dennis C.Flanagan Bernard A.Engel Department of Agricultural&Biological Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA USDA-Agricultural Research Service National Soil Erosion Research LaboratoryWest LafayetteIN47907USA

The Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model has been widely used for estimating runoff and soil *** evaluation of the latest version(version 2021.133)under a range of environmental conditions can provide confidence to its *** objectives of this study were to evaluate the WEPP model for runoff and soil loss predictions using 1159 plot years of rainfall-runoff events data from field experi-mental plots with various climates,soils,topographies,and *** runoff and soil loss predictions were compared to the observations before and after input parameter *** results showed good predictions of runoff and soil loss were obtained with both the uncalibrated and calibrated WEPP model for all considered scales with Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiencies(NSE)over *** calibration of input baseline effective hydraulic conductivity(k.(e)),baseline critical shear stress(τ_(c)),baseline rill erod-ibility(k.(r)),and baseline interrill erodibility(k.(i))improved WEPP model performance with NSE values of 0.98 and 0.91 for average annual runoff and soil loss predictions,*** WEPP model tended to underestimate the runoff and soil loss for large events with runoff over 100 mm and soil loss over 120t/*** event runoff and soil loss predictions(NSE ≥0.4)were obtained for the most common cropping/management systems considered,including corn,cotton,tilled fallow,and wheat after *** study illustrates the most recent WEPP model's performance for runoff and soil loss predictions,and provides a comprehensive set of results.

关键词： WEPP Runoff Soil loss Calibration Validation

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Microfabricated ultra-thin all-polymer thermal ground planes

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Science Bulletin 2015年第7期60卷 701-706,M0003页

作者： ryan Lewis Li-Anne Liew 徐姗姗李永正杨荣贵 Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado

Abstract Thermal ground planes, or planar heat pipes, can provide highly effective heat transfer by utilizing phase change of an encapsulated fluid. In this article, a flexible thermal ground plane （FTGP） was fabricated using poly- mer materials. k.pton was employed as a casing material while micropatterned SU-8 was used to provide both a liquid wick.ng structure and pillars to support the casing over a vapor core. An ultra-thin TiO2 film was deposited over the SU-8 and k.pton via atomic layer deposition, which acted as both a moisture barrier and a hydrophilic coating on polymer surfaces. The assembled FTGP has a thick.ess of 0.30 mm, an active area of 20 mm~ 60 mm, heater area of 20 mm x 10 ram, and can operate with a heat load up to 9.54 W, with an effective thermal con- ductivity up to 541 W/（m k..

关键词： Flexible electronics Heat pipe Electronics cooling - Thermal ground plane

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Are we leveling the playing field？ Trends and disparities in sports participation among sexual minority youth in Canada

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 218-226页

作者： Marion Doull ryan J.Watson Annie Smith Yuk. Homma Elizabeth Saewyc Stigma and Resilience Among Vulnerable Youth Centre School of Nursing University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia V6T2B5 Canada Department of Human Development and Family Studies University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA McCreary Centre Society Vancouver British Columbia V5K2A 7 Canada School of Nursing Mukogawa Women's University Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8558 Japan

Purpose: Sports participation and physical fitness are widely beneficial for young people, yet activity levels among young people are *** growing popular media attention on the participation of sexual minority(e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) youth in sports and various campaigns to improve the often homophobic climate of sports, there is limited evidence that sexual minority youth participate in sports. Our aim was to provide a current portrait of sports participation among 3 groups of sexual minority youth(e.g., lesbian, gay, and bisexual) in British Columbia, Canada, as well as to document population ***: Pooled population-level data from British Columbia, Canada(n = 99,373) were used to examine trends and disparities in sports participation among sexual minority and heterosexual youth. Age-adjusted logistic regression models were used to examine changes in participation over time and disparities in participation over time(1998—2013).Results: We found an overall decline in sports participation and physical activity(PA) for all youth. Sexual minority students were less lik.ly to participate in formal sports(with a coach) and informal sports(without a coach) compared with their heterosexual peers. The disparity in participating in informal sports between heterosexual and sexual minority youth has narrowed over time for some sexual orientation groups, whereas the disparity in participating in formal sports has widened over time in some ***: This study provides a comprehensive examination of sports participation among sexual minority youth over the past 15 *** changing societal attitudes and laudable efforts to reduce homophobia in sports, results suggest that there are continued barriers to participation for sexual minority youth. Further research is needed to understand the factors that limit sports participation for these youth and to inform program development. PA is critical to lifelong health and well-being, and

关键词： Canada Disparities Physical activity Sexual minority youth Sexual orientation Sports participation

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从铀矿尾提矿中取镭

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矿产保护与利用 1981年第3期 43-53页

作者： R. k. ryan 费振璧

前言怎样处理选矿厂的尾矿是铀矿工业争议最大的问题。处理尾矿的常规方法是把它贮存在高出地面的尾矿坝内。有人曾试图用物理或化学方法来稳定尾矿堆。有时则用土复盖尾矿,再种上植物。然而,多数废矿堆却一直被人忽视,任其遭受侵蚀和... 详细信息

前言怎样处理选矿厂的尾矿是铀矿工业争议最大的问题。处理尾矿的常规方法是把它贮存在高出地面的尾矿坝内。有人曾试图用物理或化学方法来稳定尾矿堆。有时则用土复盖尾矿,再种上植物。然而,多数废矿堆却一直被人忽视,任其遭受侵蚀和扩散。采取补救行动的费用很高。美国能源部估计,在美国使被废弃的选矿厂厂址复原的费用将高达1.3亿美元。

关键词：克分子浓度硫酸盐氯化钡摩尔浓度硫化合物氯化物尾矿滤饼离子交换树脂整理剂铀矿石有色金属矿石

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nflammasomes in cancer： a double-edgecl sword

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Protein & Cell 2014年第1期5卷 12-20页

作者： ryan k.lb Guang-Hui Liu Ann M. Janowsk. Fayyaz S. Sutterwala Weizhou Zhang Department of Pathology Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Gene Expression Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 North Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA Graduate Program in Immunology Carver College Of Medicine University of Iowa iowa City IA 52242 USA Department of Internal Medicine Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 USA Veterans Affairs Medical Center Iowa City IA 52241 USA

Chronic inflammatory responses have long been observed to be associated with various types of cancer and play decisive roles at different stages of cancer development. Inflammasomes, which are potent induc- ers of interleuk.n （IL）-I~ and IL-18 during infammation, are large protein complexes typically consisting of a Nod-lik. receptor （NLR）, the adapter protein ASC, and Caspase-1. During malignant transformation or cancer therapy, the inflammasomes are postulated to become activated in response to danger signals arising from the tumors or from therapy-induced damage to the tumor or healthy tissue. The activation of inflammasomes plays diverse and sometimes contrasting roles in cancer promotion and therapy depending on the specific con- text. Here we summarize the role of different inflamma- some complexes in cancer progression and therapy. Inflammasome components and pathways may provide novel targets to treat certain types of cancer; however, using such agents should be cautiously evaluated due to the complex roles that inflammasomes and pro- inflammatory cytok.nes play in immunity.

关键词： inflammasome cancer inflammation

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Effect of interface on mid-infrared photothermal response of MoS2 thin film grown by pulsed laser deposition

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Nano Research 2017年第10期10卷 3571-3584页

作者： Ank.r Goswami Priyesh Dhandaria Soupitak.Pal ryan McGee Faheem k.an Zeljk. Antic Ravi Gaik.ad k.vur Prashanthi Thomas Thundat Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 1H9 Canada Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara 93106-5070 USA

This study reports on the mid-infrared （mid-IR） photothermal response of multilayer MoS2 thin films grown on crystalline （p-type silicon and c-axis- oriented single crystal sapphire） and amorphous （Si/SiO2 and Si/SiN） substrates by pulsed laser deposition （PLD）. The photothermal response of the MoS2 films is measured as the changes in the resistance of the MoS2 films when irradiated with a mid-IR （7 to 8.2 μm） source. We show that enhancing the temperature coefficient of resistance （TCR） of the MoS2 thin films is possible by controlling the film-substrate interface through a proper choice of substrate and growth conditions. The thin films grown by PLD are characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM） images show that the MoS2 films grow on sapphire substrates in a layer-by-layer manner with misfit dislocations. The layer growth morphology is disrupted when the films are grown on substrates with a diamond cubic structure （e.g., silicon） because of twin growth formation. The growth morphology on amorphous substrates, such as Si/SiO2 or Si/SiN, is very different. The PLD-grown MoS2 films on silicon show higher TCR （-2.9% k.-1 at 296 k., higher mid-IR sensitivity （△R/R = 5.2%）, and higher responsivity （8.7 V·W^-1） compared to both the PLD-grown films on other substrates and the mechanically exfoliated MoS2 flak.s transferred to different substrates.

关键词： MoS2 pulsed laser deposition phototherrnal effect infrared (IR) detector interface

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