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Flipped classroom approach to global outreach:cross-cultural teaching of horizontal strabismus to Chinese ophthalmology residents

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2023年第2期16卷 280-285页

作者： Randy Lu ryan e dodge ⅲ Jocelyn Lam Laura enyedi Tammy Yanovitch Nandini Gandhi Leona Ding Michelle T Cabrera University of Washington School of Medicine SeattleWA 98195USA Department of Anesthesia Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114USA eyehealth Northwest PortlandOR 97209USA Department of Ophthalmology Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Ophthalmology University of OklahomaOklahoma CityOK 73019USA Department of Ophthalmology University of California DavisSacramentoCA 95817USA Department of Ophthalmology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Division of Ophthalmology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105USA

AIM:To evaluate the flipped classroom model for teaching horizontal strabismus didactics in an ophthalmology residency program in China as part of a visiting professorship from the United ***:Residents from an ophthalmology residency program in China were invited to participate in flipped classroom sessions taught by an experienced American ophthalmology faculty in *** were instructed to watch a pre-class video lecture prior to the in-class-casebased *** tests(5 Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment Program style questions)and surveys were administered before and after the classroom sessions(100%response rate).These results were compared to that of an American cohort who were taught the same ***:The Chinese cohort of 12 residents preferred the flipped classroom to the traditional classroom at higher rates than the American cohort of 40 residents(92%vs 55%,P=0.04)and felt that all ophthalmology topics would be appropriate for the flipped classroom teaching style(P-values between 0.008 andese and American cohorts,we found that the exotropia curriculum saw a small but significant improvement in performance following the flipped classroom session(P=0.025 for Chinese residents;P=0.001 for US residents),whereas scores in both groups for the esotropia course did not significantly ***:This is the first study to evaluate the flipped classroom model implemented by a visiting ophthalmology professor in a global outreach *** flipped classroom sessions are viewed favorably by the Chinese residents relative to the US cohort with a modest impact on *** in-person interpreter requirement and increased student engagement make this model valuable in cross-cultural visiting professorship ***,the flipped classroom may lend itself well to a virtual format to prevent the transmission of COVID-19,although such a format requires further study.

关键词： flipped classroom international ophthalmology residency graduate medical education China active learning medical education ophthalmology

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Lipid nanoparticles deliver mRNA to the blood-brain barrier

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9126-9134页

作者： Yanina Kuzminich Avraham Shakked Randi Calkins Sebastian Rudden Camille Jones Jessie Doan Bora Jang elisa Schrader echeverri ryan Zenhausern Liming Lian David Loughrey Hannah e.Peck Rachelle Wiese Dorothy Koveal Philip J.Santangelo James e.Dahlman George C.Woodruff School of Mechanical engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical engineering Emory University School of Medicine and Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)have delivered RNA to hepatocytes in patients after intravenous *** clinical data support efforts to design LNPs that transfect cells in the central nervous system(CNS).However,delivery to the CNS has been difficult,in large part because quantifying on-target delivery alongside common off-target cell types in adult mice remains *** we report methods to isolate different cell types from the CNS,and subsequently present mRNA delivery readouts using a liver-detargeted *** data suggest that LNPs without targeting ligands can transfect cerebral endothelial cells in mice after intravenous *** the difficulty of crossing the blood-brain barrier,they also underscore the value of quantifying delivery in the CNS with cell-type resolution instead of whole-tissue resolution.

关键词： lipid nanoparticle mRNA nanomedicine central nervous system blood-brain barrier

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Towards global coverage of gridded parameterization for CLImate GeNerator(CLIGeN)

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Big earth Data 2024年第1期8卷 142-165页

作者： Andrew T.Fullhart Guillermo e.Ponce-Campos Menberu B.Meles ryan P.McGehee Haiyan Wei Gerardo Armendariz Shea Burns David C.Goodrich Southwest Watershed Research Center USDA-ARS TucsonAZUSA School of Natural Resources and the environment University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Sustainable Agricultural Water Systems Unit USDA-ARS DavisCAUSA Agricultural and Biosystems engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA

Stochastic weather generators create time series that reproduce key weather dynamics present in long-term *** dataset detailed herein is a large-scale gridded parameterization for CLImate GeNerator(CLIGeN)that fills spatial gaps in the coverage of existing regional CLIGeN parameterizations,thereby obtaining near-global availability of combined *** dataset primarily covers countries north of 40°latitude with 0.25°spatial *** CLIGeN parameters were estimated based on 20-year records from four popular global climate *** parameters were statistically downscaled to estimate point-scale values,while point-scale temperature and solar radiation parameters were approximated by direct calculation from high-resolution *** parameter values were used in some cases,such as with wind ***-validation was done to assess the downscaling approach for six precipitation parameters using known point-scale values from ground-based CLIGeN *** parameter values were derived from daily accumulation records at 7,281 stations and high temporal resolution records at 609 *** sensitive parameters,monthly average storm accumulation and maximum 30-minute intensity,were shown have RMSe values of 1.48 mm and 4.67 mm hr^(−1),*** precipitation and the annual number of days with precipitation occurrence were both within 5%of ground-based parameterizations,effectively improving climate data availability.

关键词： Agriculture climate hydrology soil erosion stochastic weather generator

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Screen-printed graphite electrode on polyvinyl chloride and parchment strips integrated with genetic programming for in situ nitrate sensing of aquaponic pond water

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第2期11卷 187-201页

作者： Ronnie ConcepcionⅡ Bernardo Duarte Maria Gemel Palconit Jonah Jahara BaunArgel Bandala ryan Rhay Vicerra elmer Dadios Department of Manufacturing engineering and Management De La Salle UniversityManila 1004 Philippines MARe-Marine and environmental Sciences Centre.&ARNeT-Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de LisboaCampo Grande1749-016 LisboaPortugal Departamento de Biologia Vegetal da Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande 1749-016 LisboaPortugal Department of electronics and Computer engineering De La Salle UniversityManila 1004 Philppines

Nitrate is the primary water-soluble macronutrient essential for plant growth that is converted from excess fish feeds,fish effluents,and degrading biomaterials on the aquaponic pond floor,and when aquacultural malpractices occur,large amounts of it retain in the water system causing increase rate in eutrophication and toxifies fish and aquaculture *** nitrate sensor prototypes still require performing the additional steps of water sample deionization and dilution and were constructed with expensive *** response to the challenge of sensor enhancement and aquaponic water quality monitoring,this study developed sensitive,repeatable,and reproducible screen-printed graphite electrodes on polyvinyl chloride and parchment paper substrates with silver as electrode material and 60:40 graphite powder:nail polish formulated conductive ink for electrical traces,integrated with 9-gene genetic expression model as a function of peak anodic current and electrochemical test time for nitrate concentration prediction that is embedded into low-power Arduino eSP32 for in situ nitrate sensing in aquaponic pond *** SPe electrical traces were designed on the two types of *** electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray confirmed the electrode surface *** cyclic voltammetry using 10 to 100 mg/L KNO3 and water from three-depth regions of the actual pond established the electrochemical test time(10.5 s)and electrode potential(0.135 V)protocol necessary to produce peak current that corresponds to the strength of nitrate ions during *** findings from in situ testing revealed that the proposed sensors have strong linear predictions(R2=0.968 MSe=1.659 for nSPev and R2=0.966 MSe=4.697 for nSPep)in the range of 10 to 100 mg/L and best detection limit of 3.15μg/L,which are comparable to other sensors of more complex *** developed three-electrode electrochemical nitrate sensor confirms that it is reliable for bot

关键词： Aquaponic water quality electrochemical technology Genetic programming Graphite electrode Nitrate sensor Precision agriculture Printed electronics Scanning electron microscopy Screen-printed electrode Voltammetry

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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： ryan McClory Richard H.ellis Martin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.Rob MacKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon enrichment(FACe)experiment in deciduous woodland in central england were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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Characterizing objective and self-report habitual physical activity and sedentary time in outpatients with an acquired brain injury

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 338-343页

作者： Liam P.Pellerine Katerina Miller ryan J.Frayne Myles W.O'Brien Division of Kinesiology School of Health and Human PerformanceFaculty of HealthDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Acquired Brain Injury NeuroCommons Nova Scotia Health AuthorityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada School of Physiotherapy(Faculty of Health)&Department of Medicine(Faculty of Medicine) Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Geriatric Medicine Research Dalhousie University&Nova Scotia HealthHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Centre de Formation Medicale Du Nouveau-Brunswick New Brunswick&Department of MedicineUniversite de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada

Outpatients with an acquired brain injury(ABI)experience physical,mental,and social *** can be classified into two subgroups based on mechanism of injury:mild traumatic brain injury(mTBI;e.g.,concussion)and other ABI(e.g.,stroke,brain aneurysm,encephalitis).Our understanding of habitual activity levels within ABI populations is limited because they are often collected using self-report *** purpose of this study was to,1)describe the habitual activity levels of outpatients with ABI using objective and self-report monitoring,and 2)compare the activity levels of outpatients with mTBI *** *** outpatients with other ABI(mean±standard deviation:[58±13]years,9 females)and 12 outpatients with mTBI([48±11]years,9 females)wore a thigh-worn activPAL 24 h/day(h/day)for *** with ABI averaged(6.0±2.3)h/day of upright time,(10.6±2.2)h/day of sedentary time,(5.6±2.7)h/day in prolonged sedentary bouts>1 h,(5960±3037)steps/day,and(11±13)minutes/day(min/day)of moderate-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).There were no differences between activPAL-derived upright,sedentary,prolonged sedentary time,and physical activity between the mTBI and other ABI groups(all,p>0.31).Outpatients with ABI overestimated their MVPA levels(t138 min/week)and underestimated sedentary time(-4.3 h/day)compared to self-report(all,pespite self-reporting high activity levels,outpatients with ABI objectively exhibit highly inactive and sedentary *** habitual movement behaviours of our sample did not differ by mechanism of injury(i.e.,mTBI versus other ABI).Targeting reductions in objectively measured sedentary time are needed to progressively improve the habitual movement behaviours of outpatients with ABI.

关键词： Accelerometry Stroke Brain aneurysm encephalitis Mild traumatic brain injury Rehabilitation

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Long-term impact of artificial intelligence on colorectal adenoma detection in high-risk colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2024年第6期16卷 335-342页

作者： Kenneth W Chow Matthew T Bell Nicholas Cumpian Maryanne Amour ryan H Hsu Viktor e eysselein Neetika Srivastava Michael W Fleischman Sofiya Reicher Department of Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States Department of Bioengineering Jacobs School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093United States Department of Gastroenterology Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90502United States

BACKGROUND Improved adenoma detection rate(ADR)has been demonstrated with artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted ***,data on the real-world appli-cation of AI and its effect on colorectal cancer(CRC)screening outcomes is *** To analyze the long-term impact of AI on a diverse at-risk patient population undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy for positive CRC screening tests or *** AI software(GI Genius,Medtronic)was implemented into the standard proced-ure protocol in November *** was collected on patient demographics,procedure indication,polyp size,location,and *** screening outcomes were evaluated before and at different intervals after AI introduction with one year of *** We evaluated 1008 colonoscopies(278 pre-AI,255 early post-AI,285 established post-AI,and 190 late post-AI).The ADR was 38.1%pre-AI,42.0%early post-AI(P=0.77),40.0%established post-AI(P=0.44),and 39.5%late post-AI(P=0.77).There were no significant differences in polyp detection rate(PDR,baseline 59.7%),advanced ADR(baseline 16.2%),and non-neoplastic PDR(baseline 30.0%)before and after AI *** In patients with an increased pre-test probability of having an abnormal colonoscopy,the current generation of AI did not yield enhanced CRC screening metrics over high-quality *** the potential of AI in colonoscopy is undisputed,current AI technology may not universally elevate screening metrics across all situations and patient *** studies that analyze different AI systems across various patient populations are needed to determine the most effective role of AI in optimizing CRC screening in clinical practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Colonoscopy Adenoma detection rate Screening Colorectal adenoma

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Decision-Making and Management of Self-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul e. Plonski Jasmin Vassileva ryan Shahidi Paul B. Perrin William Carter Lance L. Goetz Amber Brochetti James M. Bjork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center Richmond VA USA Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determinants of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations between impulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gambling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information about associations between impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-Making Paraplegia Impulsive Behavior Health Care

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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna Mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald Willi Julien Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-eMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CeA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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A new framework for reverse cholesterol transport: Non-biliary contributions to reverse cholesterol transport

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第47期16卷 5946-5952页

作者： ryan e Temel J Mark Brown Department of Pathology Section on Lipid SciencesWake Forest University School of Medicine

Reduction of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol through statin therapy has only modestly decreased coronary heart disease (CHD)-associated mortality in developed countries, which has prompted the search for alternative therapeutic strategies for CHD. Major efforts are now focused on therapies that augment high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), and ultimately increase the fecal disposal of cholesterol. The process of RCT has long been thought to simply involve HDL-mediated delivery of peripheral cholesterol to the liver for biliary excretion out of the body. However, recent studies have revealed a novel pathway for RCT that does not rely on biliary secretion. This nonbiliary pathway rather involves the direct excretion of cholesterol by the proximal small intestine. Compared to RCT therapies that augment biliary sterol loss, modulation of non-biliary fecal sterol loss through the intestine is a much more attractive therapeutic strategy, given that excessive biliary cholesterol secretion can promote gallstone formation. However, we are at an early stage in understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating the non-biliary pathway for RCT, and much additional work is required in order to effectively target this pathway for CHD prevention. The purpose of this review is to discuss our current understanding of biliary and nonbiliary contributions to RCT with particular emphasis on the possibility of targeting the intestine as an inducible cholesterol secretory organ.

关键词： Cholesterol Intestine Bile Lipoprotein Reverse cholesterol transport

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