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Development and validation of a novel PCR-RFLP based method for the detection of 3 primary mitochondrial mutations in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy patients

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Eye and Vision 2015年第1期2卷 170-176页

作者： Siobhan Eustace ryan Fergus ryan David Barton Veronica O’Dwyer Derek Neylan National Optometry Centre Dublin Institute of TechnologyKevin StreetDublin 8Ireland School of Biological Sciences Dublin Institute of TechnologyKevin StreetDublin 8Ireland Centre for Medical Genetics Our Lady’s Hospital for Sick ChildrenCrumlinDublin 12Ireland

Background:Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy(LHON;MIM 535000)is one of the most commonly inherited optic neuropathies and it results in significant visual morbidity among young adults with a peak age of onset between the ages of 15–*** worldwide incidence of LHON is approximately 1 in 31,000.95%of LHON patients will have one of 3 primary mitochondrial mutations,G3460A(A52T of ND1),G11778A(R340H of ND4)and T14484C(M64V of ND6).There is incomplete penetrance and a marked gender bias in the development of visual morbidity with approximately 50%of male carriers and 10%of female carriers developing optic *** recovery can occur but is dependent on the mutation present with the highest level of visual recovery seen in patients who have the T14484C *** 3 primary mutations are typically identified by individual end-point PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)or individual targeted bi-directional Sanger sequencing *** purpose of this study was to design a simple multiplex PCR-RFLP that could detect these 3 primary LHON mutations in one ***:PCR primers were designed to incorporate a MaeIII restriction site in the presence of 3460A and 14484C mutations with the 11778A mutation naturally incorporating a MaeIII site.A multiplex PCR-RFLP assay was developed to detect the 3 common mutations in a single *** LHON controls based on the mitochondrial genome harbouring the 3 common mutations were synthesized and cloned into plasmids to act as reliable assay *** from previously tested patients and the synthetic LHON controls were subjected to the multiplex PCR-RFLP *** RFLP products were detected by agarose gel ***:The novel PCR-RFLP assay accurately detects the 3 primary mutations both in patient DNA and in synthesized DNA control samples with a simple visual mutation detection *** synthesized DNA was demonstrated to be a robust control for the detection of LHON Mutations

关键词： LHON Mitochondrial mutations Mutation detection Visual morbidity Multiplex PCR

Regulation ofβ2-adrenoceptors in brain glia:implications for neuroinflammatory and degenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2035-2036页

作者： Karen M.ryan Andrew Harkin Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience Trinity College Dublin Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Trinity College Institute of NeuroscienceTrinity College DublinDublinIreland

Noradrenaline:Within the central nervous system(CNS),the primary source of the catecholamine neurotransmitter noradrenaline is the locus coeruleus(LC)in the pontine tegmentum,with LC neurons projecting to almost all regions of the brain and spinal *** its release from LC neurons,noradrenaline has wide ranging *** example,noradrenaline is the endogenous agonist for G-coupledα-andβ-adrenoceptors that are expressed on many cell types,including neurons and glia,in both the peripheral nervous system and *** is via these receptors that noradrenaline exerts its anti-inflammatory and neurotrophic effects in the *** additionally has adrenoceptor-independent neuroprotective actions,and as such plays a role in free radical scavenging and reducing oxidative stress(Feinstein et al.,2016).

关键词： adrenoceptor protective endogenous

A WEPp-Water Quality model for simulating nonpoint source pollutants in nonuniform agricultural hillslopes:Model development and sensitivity

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第3期11卷 455-469页

作者： ryan PMcGehee Dennis CFlanagan Bernard AEngel Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Purdue University225 South University StreetWest LafayetteIN47907USA DA-Agricultural Research Service National SoilErosion Research Laboratory275 South Russell StreetWest LafayetteIN4797USA

The Water Erosion Prediction Project(WEPP)model code was modified extensively to support the simulation of nonpoint source(NPS)pollutant sourcing and transport in nonuniform hillslopes based on NPS science from the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT).This was accomplished utilizing WEPP's overland flow element(OFE)in place of SWAT's hydrologic response unit(HRU)construct which enabled more physically plausible routing within a *** addition,several improvements to the NPS code base were *** include:free-source format,modern-Fortran conventions,minor enhancements to NPS model science,and code *** manuscript documents all model development activities,presents a comparison of relevant WEPP and WEPP-WQ code bases,and performs a local sensitivity analysis of the final model code for the most important input parameters and *** results indicated that the model performed as expected according to its design and provided important insights for potential subsequent validation studies.

关键词： WEPP SWAT WEPP-WQ Water quality Nonpoint Sensitivity

VR industrial applications―A singapore perspective

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2020年第5期2卷 409-420页

作者： Athirah SYAMIMI Yiwei GONG ryan LIEW VRcollab Pte.Ltd. 75 Ayer Rajah Crescent139953 Singapore

Virtual Reality(VR)has been around for a long time but has come into the spotlight only *** an industrial perspective,this article serves as a proverbial scalpel to dissect the different use cases and commercial applications of VR in *** researching the Singapore market,we examine how VR has *** the moment,the global annual budget for VR(and augmented reality)is at an upward trend with a leading growth in market value for the training *** in Singapore has also seen a rapid development in recent *** discuss some of the Singapore government's initiatives to promote the commercial adoption of VR for the digital economy of the *** address the mass adoption of VR,we present VRcollab's business solutions for the construction and building industry.2020 is one of the most important years for VR in history.

关键词： Virtual reality VR applications Building information modeling

Schools, Temples, and Tombs across the Sea： The Re-Civilization of Post-Zheng Taiwan, 1683-1722

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Frontiers of History in China 2015年第4期10卷 571-593页

作者： ryan Holroyd Department of History & Department of Asian Studies Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

This article examines the strategies employed by the Qing empire to induce the Hart population in Taiwan to accept its rule following the island＇s conquest in 1683. Late-seventeenth-century Taiwan had a sparse population and a huge hinterland, and this made it difficult for the Qing government to enforce its rule by military means alone. I will argue that the Qing officials in Taiwan also used a number of cultural tactics to legitimize their government in the eyes of the Han Taiwan Residents. First, they built culture temples and schools in the hopes of both demonstrating their moral authority and convincing the Taiwan Residents to participate in the dynasty＇s examination system. Second, they involved themselves in local religion by founding or refurbishing temples to popular deities, demonstrating sympathy for local concerns and solidarity between religious groups on the mainland and in Taiwan. Finally, rather than denigrate the memory of the island＇s former rulers, the Ming-loyalist Zheng family who had resisted the Qing government＇s conquest of southern China, they portrayed them as honorable servants of the former dynasty whose legacy could be proudly remembered, but whose time had ultimately passed.

关键词： Early Qing Taiwan Colonialism Chinese religion Zheng family

Dissecting genetic diversity and genomic background of Petunia cultivars with contrasting growth habits

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 634-648页

作者： Yufang Guo ryan M.Warner Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

The cultivated petunia(Petunia×hybrida)is derived from the progenitor species *** and *** hybridization dates back only to the 1830s,though intensive breeding efforts have yielded cultivars exhibiting incredible diversity for many traits,including growth habit,flower color,and flower *** now,little is known about the genetic diversity and genomic background of modern *** we selected a panel of 13 cultivars with contrasting growth habits and three wild species(the progenitors and ***)to estimate the genomic contribution from the ancestral species and to study whether the variation of the genetic origin could be associated with different breeding programs or morphological *** sequencing identified 1,164,566 SNPs representing 98.4%(32,451)of the transcripts that cover 99.2%(of 52,697,361 bp)of the *** *** with an upright growth habit had more homozygous alleles and more ***-derived alleles than trailing cultivars,while mounded cultivars had intermediate *** previous studies,we found the proportions of alleles derived from each progenitor species varied across cultivars but overall were not biased toward one progenitor species,suggesting diverse selection during cultivar *** trailing cultivars,alleles potentially introgressed from other wild species(“out”alleles)were ***“out”alleles were clustered in particular regions of chromosomes,suggesting that these regions may be hotspots of *** in these regions were enriched with gene ontology terms associated with growth *** study provides novel insight into the contributions of progenitor species to the genomic background of modern petunia cultivars and identifies genome regions that may harbor genes conferring the trailing growth habit for further exploration.

关键词： cultivar breeding trail

Measurement of bullet impact conditions using automated in-flight photography system

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2017年第4期13卷 288-294页

作者： ryan Decker Marco Duca Shawn Spickert-Fulton Armament Research Design and Engineering Center 94 Ramsey Avenue Picatinny Arsenal NJ 07806 USA

Knowledge of impact conditions is critical to evaluating the terminal impact performance of a *** a small caliber bullet,in-flight velocity has been precisely measured for decades using detection screens,but accurately quantifying the orientation of the bullet on a target has been more *** report introduces the Automated Small-Arms Photogrammetry(ASAP)analysis method used to measure,model,and predict the orientation of a small caliber bullet before reaching an impact *** uses advanced hardware developed by Sydor Technologies to record a series of infrared digital *** images(four orthogonal pairs)are processed using computer vision algorithms to quantify the orientation of the projectile and re-project its precise position and orientation into a three-dimensional muzzle-fixed coordinate *** epicyclic motion model is fit to the measured data,and the epicyclic motion is extrapolated to the target *** results are fairly immediate and may be reviewed during ***-out demonstrations have shown that the impact-angle prediction capability is less than six hundredths of a degree for the 5.56 mm ball round ***:Yaw,Terminal ballistics,Exterior ballistics,Test&evaluation,Computer vision,Image processing,Angle of

关键词： Terminal ballistics Exterior ballistics Test & evaluation Computer vision Image processing Angle of attack

Chinese Renminbi Arrival in the ＂Tripolar＂ Global Monetary Regime

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China & World Economy 2015年第6期23卷 44-55页

作者： John ryan Research Fellow the Von Hugel Institute St. Edmund's College Cambridge UK.

Since the financial crisis hit in 2007, the US dollar privilege has not only become ＂exorbitant＂ but ＂extortianate. ＂ Countries such as China are no longer willing to allow the USA to exercise this extortionate behavior. The potential geopolitical implications of a US dollar decline are immense. The USA would lose its privileged seigniorage position and with that the ability to achieve permanently higher returns on foreign assets than the returns paid to foreigners who invest in the USA. The global economy is already close to operating with three regional exchange rate anchors： the US dollar; the euro; and, increasingly, the renminbi. Hence, the transition to a tripolar system could occur sooner than many assert. Nevertheless, given the importance of financial deepening and integration in the internationalization of currencies, any shift will still be gradual.

关键词： dollar euro,'intemationalization of renminbi special drawing rights tripolar currency regime

Towards full predictions of temperature dynamics in McNary Dam forebay using OpenFOAM

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Water Science and Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 317-330页

作者： Yu-Shi WANG Marcela POLITANO ryan LAUGHERY IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering The University of Iowa Iowa City U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Walla Walla District Walla Walla

Hydroelectric facilities impact water temperature; low velocities in a reservoir increase residence time and enhance heat exchange in surface layers. In this study, an unsteady three-dimensional model was developed to predict the temperatm＇e dynamics in the McNary Dam forebay. The model is based on the open-source code OpenFOAM. RANS equations with the Boussinesq approximation were used to solve the flow field. A： realizable k-ε model that accounts for the production of wind turbulence was developed. Solar radiation and convective heat transfer at the free surface were included. The result of the model was compared with the field data collected on August 18, 2004. Changes in diurnal stratification were adequately predicted by the model. Observed vertical and lateral temperature distributions were accurately captured. Results indicate that the model can be used as a numerical tool to assess structural and operational alternatives to reduce the forebay temperature.

关键词： three-dimensional numerical simulation," water temperature," reservoir," thermal dynamics OpenFOAM McNary Dam forebay