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Quiet in the nest:The nest environment attenuates song in a grassland songbird

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 623-629页

作者： Sarah L.dobney Mikayla M.K.Bornais d.ryan Norris Amy E.M.Newman Heather Williams Stéphanie M.doucet daniel J.Mennill department of Integrative Biology University of WindsorWindsorOntarioN9B 3P4Canada department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioN1G 2W1Canada Biology department Williams CollegeWilliamstownMA01267USA

The nest environment may limit the ability of nest-bound birds to hear sounds from the outside *** vocal learning species,such as humans and songbirds,it is vital for young animals to hear the voices of conspecific animals early in *** songbirds,nest structure varies considerably across species,and the resulting impact on sound transmission may have consequences for vocal learning in *** this study,we tested the hypothesis that the nest environment attenuates song of Savannah Sparrows(Passerculus sandwichensis),grassland songbirds that build nests on the ground under cover of dense *** recorded live Savannah Sparrows singing at variable distances from 21 *** recorded songs using one microphone inside the nest(the typical position of a nestling)and another placed 1 m directly above the nest(a typical position of an adult).We found a substantial reduction in signal-to-noise ratio,where songs recorded inside the nest were an average of 11 dB lower than songs recorded directly above the *** estimate that the attenuation imposed by the nest reduced the maximum acoustic environment from 117.7 m(for recordings above the nest),to 78.6 m(for recordings within the nest),which is analogous to listening from a position 39.1 m farther away from the *** research estimated that song transmits up to 100 m in this species,so any adult male within 100 m of a young bird was previously considered a potential vocal *** reducing the nestling acoustic environment from 100 m to 78.6 m,the number of male tutors available to nestlings is reduced by an average of 27%.Given the growing evidence that song learning begins very early in life,future research on vocal development should account for how the structural properties of the natal environment affect the songs that nestlings hear.

关键词： Acoustic environment Nest environment Songbird Sound attenuation Vocal learning

Unmet supportive care needs in families of children with chronic health conditions: an Australian cross‑sectional study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第12期19卷 1181-1191页

作者： Sangeetha Thomas Linda K.Byrne Nicholas P.ryan Christel Hendrieckx Victoria White School of Psychology Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityMelbourneVIC 3125Australia department of Paediatrics University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in diabetes MelbourneVICAustralia Institute of Health Transformation Deakin UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Cancer Council Victoria MelbourneVICAustralia

Background The aim of this study was to identify similarities and diferences in the unmet supportive care needs(USCN)of families of children with major chronic health conditions(CHCs)using a universal need assessment *** A cross-sectional online survey involving parents of children with congenital heart disease(CHd),type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1d),cancer,and asthma diagnosed within the last 5 years recruited via social media and support ***-four items assessing the USCN across six domains(care needs,physical and social needs,informational needs,support needs,fnancial needs,child-related emotional needs)were responded to on a 4-point Likert scale[no need(1)to high need(4)].descriptive statistics identifed the level of need,and linear regressions identifed factors associated with higher need domain *** to small numbers,the asthma group was excluded from comparisons across *** One hundred and ninety-four parents completed the survey(CHd:n=97,T1d:n=50,cancer:n=39,and asthma:n=8).Parents of children with cancer were most likely to report at least one USCN(92%),followed by parents of children with T1d(62%).The fve most commonly reported USCN across CHCs were drawn from four domains:child-related emotional,support,care,and *** need items were included in the top fve needs for all conditions.A higher USCN was associated with a greater frequency of hospital visits and the absence of parental *** Using a universal need assessment tool,this is one of the frst studies to characterize USCN in families of children diagnosed with common *** proportions endorsing diferent needs varied across conditions,the most endorsed needs were similar across the illness *** suggests that support programs or services could be shared across diferent CHCs.

关键词： Children Chronic illness Need assessment Unmet supportive care needs

Exchange-Correlation Functional Comparison of Electronic Energies in Atoms Using a Grid Basis

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第11期10卷 3392-3407页

作者： Anthony d. ryan Andres Gama Frank Felerski William d. Parker department of Mathematics and Physics University of Wisconsin-Parkside Kenosha WI USA

Calculation of total energies of the electronic ground states of atoms forms the basis for the frozen-core pseudopotentials used in atomistic calculations of much larger scale. Reference values for these energies provide a benchmark for the validation of new software to calculate such potentials. In addition, basic atomic-scale electronic properties such as the (first) ionization energy provide a simple check on the approximation used in the calculation method. We present a comparison of the total energies and ionization energies of atoms Z = 1 - 92 calculated in density functional theory with several levels of exchange-correlation functional and the Hartree-Fock method, comparing ionization energies to experiment. We also investigate the role of relativistic treatment on these energies.

关键词： density Functional Theory Hartree-Fock Theory Electronic Energies Exchange-Correlation Potential Exchange and Correlation Functional Ionization Energy

Improved speciation of dissolved organic nitrogen in natural waters: amide hydrolysis with fluorescence derivatization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第10期20卷 1273-1280页

作者： ryan L.Fimmen Tamara d.Trouts daniel d.Richter Jr. dharni Vasudevan School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA.Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA School of Earth Sciences The Ohio State University 125 S.Oval MallColumbus OH 43210 USA Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA. Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences Duke UniversityDurham NC 27708 USA.Department of Chemistry Bowdoin CollegeBrunswick ME 04011 USA

The objective of this study was to improve primary-amine nitrogen (1°-N) quantification in dissolved organic matter (dOM) originating from natural waters where inorganic forms of N, which may cause analytical interference, are commonly encountered. Efforts were targeted at elucidating organic-N structural criteria influencing the response of organic amines to known colorimetric and fluorescent reagents and exploring the use of divalent metal-assisted amide hydrolysis in combination with fluorescence analyse...

关键词： dissolved organic matter/nitrogen (dOM/dON) o-phthaldialdehyde fluorescamine ninhydrin amino acids amide hydrolysis peptides

The significance of clinical practice guidelines on adult varicocele detection and management

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 269-275,J0006,J0007页

作者： Anand Shridharani ryan C Owen Osama O Elkelany Edward d Kim department of Urology University of Tennessee College of Medicine Chattanooga TN 37403 USA division of Urology Department of Surgery University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine Knoxville TN 37920 USA.

Varicoceles are the most common correctable etiology of male factor infertility. However, the detection and management of varicoceles have not been standardized. This has led to decades of debate regarding the effect of varicocele on male infertility and subsequently whether repair leads to an improved fertility status. The current body of evidence investigating the role of varicocele and varicocelectomy is weak and conflicting. The stance taken by the AUA and ASRM suggests that there is insufficient outcomes data to support evidenced-based guidelines, citing evidence used to provide current recommendations are generally of a low quality level. On the other hand, the EAU Guidelines give a level la of evidence for management of varicoceles that are clinically palpable, associated with subnormal semen analyses and having otherwise unexplained fertility. Besides aiding with clinical varicocele detection and management, clinical practice opinion statements and guidelines aim to direct and strengthen the infrastructure of future studies. We review the current status of opinion statements and guidelines in varicocele and management detection with focus on their application in practice.

关键词： guidelines varicocele varicocele detection varicocele management varicocelectomy

Cardiac remodeling as a consequence of atrial fibrillation： An anatomical study of perfusion-fixed human heart specimens

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2011年第3期8卷 141-146页

作者： Christopher d Rolfes Stephen A Howard ryan P Golf Paul A Iaizzo department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MAr 55455 USA department of Surgery University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN55455 USA department of Integrative Biology and Physiology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

背景 Atrial 纤维性颤动(AF ) 引起 atrial 的连续统解剖改变。用修理灌注的人的心的一个图书馆的方法，有 AF 的标本与控制相比。在这初步的评价研究期间，直接大小 atrial 体积，肺的静脉(PV ) 圆周，和左 atrial (LA ) 墙厚度被拿。... 详细信息

背景 Atrial 纤维性颤动(AF ) 引起 atrial 的连续统解剖改变。用修理灌注的人的心的一个图书馆的方法，有 AF 的标本与控制相比。在这初步的评价研究期间，直接大小 atrial 体积，肺的静脉(PV ) 圆周，和左 atrial (LA ) 墙厚度被拿。有 AF 的结果心典型地与控制(在与在控制的 65.1115.9 mL 相比的 AF 心的 59.6227.1 mL 的范围) 相比在卷有更大的 atrial 卷，以及一个大得多的变化。为所有心，正确 PV 比离开 PV 大(平均数：171.

关键词：房颤解剖标本灌注心脏自动对焦肺静脉直接测量

Experimental assessment of a 3-d plenoptic endoscopic imaging system

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Chinese Optics Letters 2017年第5期15卷 68-72页

作者： Hanh N. d. Le ryan decker Axel Krieger Jin U. Kang Electrical and Computer Engineering department Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation Children's National Health System Washington DC 20010 USA

All endoscopic imaging system using a plenoptic technique to reconstruct 3-d information is demonstrated and analyzed in this Letter. The proposed setup integrates a clinical surgical endoscope with a plenoptic camera to achieve a depth accuracy error of about 1 mm and a precision error of about 2 mm, within a 25 mm×25 mm field of view, operating at 11 frames per second.

关键词： Experimental assessment of a 3-d plenoptic endoscopic imaging system FOV MLA

Calibration after bootstrap for accurate uncertainty quantification in regression models

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1092-1100页

作者： Glenn Palmer Siqi du Alexander Politowicz Joshua Paul Emory Xiyu Yang Anupraas Gautam Grishma Gupta Zhelong Li ryan Jacobs dane Morgan department of Computer Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWIUSA

Obtaining accurate estimates of machine learning model uncertainties on newly predicted data is essential for understanding the accuracy of the model and whether its predictions can be trusted.A common approach to such uncertainty quantification is to estimate the variance from an ensemble of models,which are often generated by the generally applicable bootstrap *** this work,we demonstrate that the direct bootstrap ensemble standard deviation is not an accurate estimate of uncertainty but that it can be simply calibrated to dramatically improve its *** demonstrate the effectiveness of this calibration method for both synthetic data and numerous physical datasets from the field of Materials Science and *** approach is motivated by applications in physical and biological science but is quite general and should be applicable for uncertainty quantification in a wide range of machine learning regression models.

关键词： ensemble applicable uncertainty

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein positive optic neuropathies

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1095-1107页

作者： Patrick Murtagh Amy Coman Kirk Stephenson Maria Gaughan david ryan Graeme McNeill Christopher McGuigan Lorraine Cassidy Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital Adelaide RoadDublin 2D02 XK51Republic of Ireland St Vincent’s University Hospital Elm ParkDublin 4D04 N2E0Republic of Ireland

AIM: To describe the clinical characteristics and treatments associated with antibody positive optic neuropathies including anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG) and anti-aquaporin 4(AQP4), alongside diagnostic modalities, investigations, and outcomes. METHOdS: A cross-sectional single-centre retrospective case series consisting of 16 patients including 12 antiMOG positive patients and 4 anti-AQP4 positive patients. Each of these patients had clinical signs and symptoms of optic neuritis and consisted of all patients who had a positive blood antibody result in our centre. Clinical findings including presence of a relative afferent pupillary defect, colour vision and disc assessment were recorded. Structured clinical exam and multimodal imaging was undertaken sequentially on each. Optical coherence tomography(OCT) scanning was preformed to examine the correlation between ganglion cell layer(GCL) thickness and visual acuity(VA) at presentation and as a determinant of final visual outcome in both groups. Initial and long-term treatment is also summarised. RESULTS: A total of 16 patients were included in the study consisting of 12 anti-MOG and 4 anti-AQP4 positive patients. Nine of the 16 patients were female and the average age of onset was 29.2 y in the MOG group and 42 y in the AQP4 group. There was no statistically significant correlation(Pearson correlation) between GCL thickness and presenting and final VA [r(10)=0.081, P=0.08 and r(10)=0.089, P=0.34 respectively]. The same statistical analysis was performed for the correlation between retinal nerve fibre layer(RNFL) and VA and similar outcomes wereobserved [r(10)=0.04, P=0.22 and r(10)=0.09, P=0.04]. No correlation was seen for initial RNFL thickness and final visual outcome in this group either [r(2)=0.19, P=0.38]. Visual field testing and radiological findings for each group are described. CONCLUSION: No correlation between initial VA or RNFL and final visual outcome is identified. A broad range of visu

关键词： neuromyelitis anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody anti-aquaporin 4